A critical balance for health in older adults: Behavioral, normative, and control beliefs shaping fluid intake

Fluid intake is influenced by intention, attitude, beliefs, and environmental factors. In this study, we examined the beliefs regarding fluid intake among women aged 65 and older, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). We conducted qualitative research with 45 women in a nursing home in Turkey through semi-structured interviews. Our analysis revealed six themes and 21 subthemes related to fluid intake. Participants described fluid intake as beneficial and easy; however, they also mentioned barriers such as cost, health outcomes, pain, habits, and limitations. We found that doctors and family members were the main supporters, and the internet and media played a prominent role in decision-making. This study provides evidence that the Theory of Planned Behavior could be effective in explaining fluid consumption behaviors in older women. However, further research with larger samples and quantitative methods is needed to promote fluid intake.