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Spatio-temporal patterns and Turing–Hopf bifurcation in a spatially extended prey–predator model with ratio-dependent interactions
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-16) Muhammad Waqas Yasin; Nauman Ahmed; Ali Akgül; Muhammad Zafarullah Baber; Dumitru Baleanu; Ovidiu Tintareanu-Mircea
In this manuscript, we investigate the (2+1)-dimensional ratio-dependent prey–predator system. Prey–predator dynamics are a vital component of the eco-system. It provides the basic food for the living organisms. So, we considered the extended prey–predator model. The underlying model has 2 equilibrium points and stability analysis is carried out about the coexistence equilibrium. The condition for the Hopf bifurcation and Turing instabilities are derived. These conditions help to analyze the formation of patterns in the prey–predator system. The dispersion relation shows the changing behavior of Hopf bifurcation and Turing instability from stable to unstable. The bifurcation and Turing instability simulation divide the parametric space into 4 Regions. In Region I, the solution is stable, in Region II there is purely Turing instability, in Region III, there is only Hopf instability and in Region IV there is Hopf as well as Turing instability. Different types of Turing patterns are produced to capture rate parameters. The numerical solution of the model is obtained by positivity preserving finite difference scheme. The applied scheme is von Neumann stable, and consistent with the model. The bounded behavior of a given scheme is established. Mainly, we are focused on the graphical simulations for pattern formation and steady-state analysis. The 3D and 2D visualization for the Turing pattern and numerical solution are drawn for the various parameter values. The numerical simulations endorsed the analytical results.
Applications of Environmentally Friendly Metal Oxides as PEM Fuel Cell Cathode Catalysts
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-10) Orhan Baytar; Ömer Şahin; Abdurrahman Akdag; Gurbet Canpolat; Arzu Ekinci
For the first time, this study investigated the behaviors of CuO and FeO metal oxides synthesized from bean shell extract using an environmentally friendly green synthesis method at varying cell temperatures in PEMFCs according to the amount of Pt used. Analyzed techniques such as XRD, SEM–EDX, TEM, and XPS were used to ascertain the structural and morphological characteristics of the produced catalysts. The performance of the catalysts was evaluated based on the voltage-current density values obtained from PEMFCs at different cell temperatures and increased at higher cell temperatures.At a cell temperature of 70 °C, the Pt-FeO/C and Pt-CuO/C catalysts exhibited higher power values than the Pt/FeO-C and Pt/CuO-C catalysts, containing only half the amount per unit area. The power density values for catalysts were tested as follows: 3380 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt-FeO/C, 1697 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt-CuO/C, 919 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt/FeO-C, and 1264 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt/CuO-C, and these values were determined to be higher than the values measured using the Pt/C (431 mW/cm2mgPt) catalyst. According to the measured current density-power density values, It was determined that the performances of the catalysts were Pt/FeO-C > Pt-CuO/C > Pt/CuO-C > Pt-FeO/C.
Theoretical and numerical investigation of a memristor system with a piecewise memductance under fractal–fractional derivatives
(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2025-01-01) Maroua Amel Boubekeur; İrem Akbulut Arik; Seda İğret Araz
This research deals with the theoretical and numerical investigations of a memristor system with memductance function. Stability, dissipativity, and Lyapunov exponents are extensively investigated and the chaotic tendencies of the system are studied in depth. The memristor model, where a piecewise memductance function is incorporated, is modified with fractal-fractional derivatives with exponential decay, power law, and Mittag-Leffler kernels, which provide powerful tools for modeling complex systems with memory effects, long-range interactions, and fractal-like behavior. Employing the Krasnoselskii-Krein uniqueness theorem and the fixed point theorem, the existence and uniqueness of the solutions of the model including fractal-fractional derivatives with the Mittag-Leffler kernel are proven. The fractal-fractional derivative model is solved numerically using the Lagrange polynomial approach, and the chaotic tendencies of the system are exhibited through numerical simulations. The findings indicated that the memristor model with fractal-fractional derivatives was observed to exhibit chaotic behavior.
Discovery of host genetic factors through multi-locus GWAS against toxoplasmosis in sheep: addressing one health perspectives
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-12) Yalçın Yaman; Veysel Bay; Yiğit Emir Kişi
Toxoplasma gondii stands as one of the most successful pathogens, capable of infecting nearly all warm-blooded species. It is estimated that up to 50% of human population might harbor Toxoplasmosis infections. One of the primary transmission routes is the consumption of tissue cysts from infected farm animals used for food production. Thus, controlling Toxoplasmosis in farm animals is of vital importance for human health and food safety. Selective breeding in farm animals, where available, could complement classical control measures like biosecurity measures, vaccination, and test-and-cull methods. This multidisciplinary approach will make the eradication of Toxoplasmosis more effective. For this purpose, we conducted four multi-locus genome-wide association (GWA) approaches to identify the polygenic factors underlying innate resistance to Toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected sheep. Our findings indicate that 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), exhibiting varying degrees of statistical power, play a significant role in host immunity against T. gondii infection. We propose the genes containing these SNPs or located within 100 ± Kb of them (PLSCR5, EPHA3, DGKB, IL12B, CGA, WDR64, TMEM158, CLMP, and SIAE) as potential candidate genes. This study represents the first exploration of host genetic factors against Toxoplasmosis in livestock, utilizing the ovine paradigm as its foundation.
The effects of progressive muscle relaxation exercises on premenstrual syndrome symptoms and violence tendencies in women: a randomized controlled trial
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-12) Sabri Toğluk; Sidar Gül
Background: Although violence is reported in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), preventive interventions are among the essential responsibilities of nurses. This study aimed to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercises (PMRE) given to women with PMS on PMS symptoms and violent tendencies. Methods: The study was conducted experimentally with a pre-test/post-test control group between January and August 2024 in a province located in the southeastern Anatolia region of our country. The study included 106 participants, 53 experimental and 53 control, who had PMS. Participants were provided with a PMRE application for eight weeks. Data were collected through the 'Personal Information Form, PMS Scale and Violence Tendency Scale (VTS).' Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, independent samples t-test and one-way multivariate analysis of variance. Results: Participants in the intervention group had significantly lower mean scores on the post-test PMS scale and the VTS than participants in the control group (p < 0.05). The difference between the PMS scale's pre-test and post-test mean scores was statistically significantly lower in the experimental group (P < 0.001). The difference between the groups was statistically significant in terms of the combined dependent variables, including the pre-test and post-test change in the mean scores of the PMS scale and the VTS (F(2,103) = 158.77, P < 0.001; V = 0.245; ηp2 = 0.755). This difference explained 75.5% of the variance in the dependent variable. Conclusion: PMRE administration has a high level of efficacy in reducing PMS and violence tendencies.
Evaluation of salivary BDNF levels in gingivitis and periodontitis: a preliminary research
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-10) Veysel Tahiroglu; Emrah Yerlikaya; Revsa Evin Canpolat Erkan; Hasan Karagecili; Azat Sagin; Nushet Sagin
Background: Oral health is closely related to physical health, life comfort, and functional needs. Gingivitis is a condition that means hardening of the gum tissue, prone to redness, swelling, or bleeding due to different reasons. Periodontitis damages the soft tissue around the teeth. It is a serious gum infection that destroys the bone that supports a person's teeth, if left untreated. BDNF is a member of the neurotrophin family, playing roles in the survival, growth, and function of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system. This study aims to determine and compare salivary BDNF levels in individuals with periodontal disease and healthy controls, and to assess its relationship with clinical periodontal parameters. Methods: After the participants were informed and their consent was obtained, unstimulated saliva samples were taken. In our study, experimental and control groups were formed with 30 people in each group. BDNF level was measured in the saliva samples taken. Results: We found no statistically significant difference in age and gender between the healthy group, gingivitis group, and periodontitis group. There was a significant difference in the PI, GI, PPD, CAL, and BOP values in all three groups. No statistically significant difference was found when salivary BDNF levels of the groups included in the study were compared. Conclusions: Demographic and clinical findings recorded in this study support that the amount of BDNF partially affects periodontal health parameters and neurological diseases.
Preserving Quality and Extending Shelf Life of Climacteric Persimmon Fruits Using Melatonin and Modified Atmosphere Packaging
(Wiley, 2025-04) Emine Kucuker; Muttalip Gundogdu; Emrah Güler; Ahmet Sumbul; Onur Tekin; Bulent Hallac
Quality and product losses during the postharvest storage of climacteric persimmon fruits pose significant challenges due to their short shelf life and limited marketing period. This study examined the effects of melatonin (1 mM) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on preserving the quality, biochemical properties, and organic acid contents of persimmons, as well as extending their shelf life during storage at 0°C ± 0.5°C. The MAP resulted in the lowest weight loss, recording only 6.63%. The combination of melatonin and MAP provided the highest fruit firmness at 8.69 kg/cm2, along with a total antioxidant level of 12.40 μmol TE 100 g-1. Additionally, this treatment improved total phenolic content and most individual organic acids, except for fumaric acid, which was highest in the MAP treatment. The organic acid contents of the fruits varied during storage, depending on the specific acid. Malic acid was the predominant organic acid and was consistently better preserved by the treatments compared to the control. It is important to note that the reduction in malic acid was approximately 1.5 times less in the treated fruits than in the controls, while the decline of other organic acids was 3-4 times greater. In conclusion, both MAP and the combination of melatonin and MAP were effective methods for preserving the quality attributes and extending the shelf life of persimmon fruits.
Boron Prevents Oral Acrylamide Damage in Bone Marrow and Hematologic Parameters of Wistar Rats
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-07) Faysal Selimoğlu; Mustafa Cengiz; Canan Vejselova Sezer; Adnan Ayhanci; Fatma Gür; Özge Yıldırım; Bahri Gür; Ahmet Musmul
The purpose of this study is to measure the effects of acrylamide (AA) on bone marrow and blood and the protective efficacy of boric acid (B) in rats. The animals were divided into five groups: control, B, low-dose B + AA, and high-dose B + AA. After the 15 th day of the experiment, their blood and bone marrow were harvested to be kept for hematological analyses. While white blood cells (WBC) increased following the administration of AA, bodyweight, red blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and bone marrow nucleated cell counts significantly decreased in number. Conversely, bodyweight and all these hematological parameters significantly increased apart from WBC in the B + AA groups AA when compared to the control. However, high-dose B was more effective than low-dose B in preventing AA-induced bone marrow and hematological damage. The present study suggests that B treatment could help protect bone marrow and hematological parameters against AA-induced toxicity.
Investigation of antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities in novel poly(DEAEMA-co-EMA)/polyindole composites
(Wiley, 2025-03-29) Safiye Elif Korcan; Cengiz Soykan; Burak Tüfekçi; Naci Ömer Alayunt; Şah İsmail Çivi
In the current study, in the first stage, amphiphilic poly(2-diethylamino ethylmethacrylate-co-ethyl methacrylate) [Poly(DEAEMA-co-EMA)] was synthesized from the 2-diethylamino ethylmethacrylate (DEAEMA) and the ethyl methacrylate (EMA) using the free radical polymerization method. In the second stage, five series of composites were prepared at different concentrations using the indole conductive monomer in the presence of iron(III) chloride (FeCl3) using the in situ oxidative polymerization technique in poly(DEAEMA-co-EMA) copolymer. Scanning electron microscope and Atomic force microscope images proved the homogeneous structure of the composites, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of the composite has shown that it has been produced successfully. The antimicrobial activity of the prepared poly(DEAEMA-co-EMA)/PIN composites was evaluated. Moreover, antioxidant studies of the composites were carried out. The results showed that the enhanced bioactivity of poly(DEAEMA-co-EMA)/PIN(90%) composite. In this study, all poly(DEAEMA-co-EMA)/PIN composites and polymers showed antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans. PCs had more antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus than PIN, Poly(DEAEMA), and poly(DEAEMA-co-EMA). The antimicrobial activity of PCs was enhanced by increasing the permeability of the cell membrane with DEAEMA. It was determined that the antibacterial activity increased in direct proportion to the indole concentration. OSI values of PIN, Poly(DEAEMA), and poly(DEAEMA-co-EMA), and PCs ranged between 1.3513 and 0.1183. Highlights: Conductive Polymer Composites are a special commercial polymer composite class due to their biological properties. Discusses morphological properties of poly(DEAEMA-co-EMA)/PIN composites. Summarizes antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of poly(DEAEMA-co-EMA)/PIN composites. Demonstrate the high antimicrobial activity of Poly(DEAEMA-co-EMA)/PIN composites against S. mutans. Determine that Poly(DEAEMA-co-EMA)/PIN composites have antioxidant capacity.
Determination of the prevalence and parasite burden of Coeunurus cerebralis and Oestrus ovis in sheep in Siirt province of Türkiye
(University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 2025) Murat Kara; Burcak Aslan Çelik; Ozgur Yasar Celik; Adnan Ayan; Muhammed Ahmed Selcuk; Kerem Ercan; Ozge Oktay Ayan
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and parasite burdens of Coeunurus cerebralis and Oestrus ovis in sheep in Siirt province, Türkiye. Between December 2022 and November 2023, a total of 520 sheep (260 male, 260 female) heads (10 heads per week) were randomly sampled from a butcher. The total prevalence of C. cerebralis was determined to be 12.9%. The prevalence was higher in males, in the Morkaraman breed, in animals younger than two years of age, in dark-coloured ones, in October, and in the right brain hemisphere. The total prevalence of O. ovis was determined to be 38.3%. The prevalence was higher in females, in the Akkaraman breed, in dark-coloured breeds, in age groups older than two years, and in December. In terms of larvae, L1 was detected in 108 sheep, L2 in 106 sheep, and L3 in 139 sheep. A total of 1,039 larvae (278 L1, 321 L2, and 440 L3) were detected. The significant presence of O. ovis found in the sheep in this study indicates that Siirt province has suitable climatic conditions for O. ovis and larval development. It is recommended to include more animals in a future study in order to determine the exact seasonal prevalence of O. ovis infestation in the region, and to use an antiparasitic drug effective against O. ovis in the routine treatment of sheep to reduce the incidence of this disease.
Sustainable cereal production through integrated crop management: a global review of current practices and future prospects
(Frontiers Media SA, 2025-03-13) Vaddula Yamini; Kulvir Singh; Mohammed Antar; Ayman El Sabagh
Among cereals, three crops namely maize, wheat, and rice account for 90% of the total cereal production, with global production levels of 791.2, 522.6, and 1229.63 million tons for wheat, rice and maize, respectively. The global challenges of food insecurity, climate variability, and unsustainable land use necessitate a redefined approach to cereal production, focusing on climate resilience, low vulnerability, and high productivity while establishing food and environmental safety. Integrated crop management (ICM) offers a holistic farming approach that integrates various agricultural practices to ensure long-term benefits and mitigate risks. This comprehensive review examined a total of 108 documented studies from existing literature pertaining to the last 23 years, besides case studies on ICM in rice, wheat, and maize production, analyzing its benefits, challenges, and future directions. In Asian countries, where rice is a staple food, ICM practices have effectively addressed challenges such as yield stagnation, declining profits, and crop failures. Nutrient and pest management, along with conservation agriculture (CA), have played a crucial role in overcoming these challenges. China’s implementation of site-specific management duly integrated with other practices, has successfully reduced excessive nitrogen use besides improved environmental and health outcomes. Sustainable corn production has been achieved in the USA and Africa through comprehensive implementation of CA and crop diversification. Globally, ICM has demonstrated yield increases of 10–19% for rice, 16–30% for wheat, and 13.5–30% for maize crops. Despite having ample potential, the widespread adoption of ICM faces technical, climate-related, and economic constraints. Overcoming these challenges requires targeted training, extension services, and supportive policies. Furthermore, future research should focus on addressing key knowledge gaps to facilitate the widespread implementation of ICM. While promoting climatic resilience and sustainability in cereal production systems, ICM can contribute to food security and environmental preservation globally.
Predictive modeling of additively manufactured carbon fiber-PLA mechanical components via ML
(2025-01-01) Ozkul, Mahmut; Kuncan, Fatma; Ulkir, Osman
Purpose: The study aims to predict and optimize two critical parameters, surface roughness and energy consumption, in additive manufacturing (AM) processes using carbon fiber-reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) material. These parameters are essential for enhancing the efficiency and quality of AM-produced components. Design/methodology/approach: A mechanical connector was fabricated using the AM process, employing the Box–Behnken experimental design method with four input parameters: layer thickness (LT) (150–200–300 µm), infill density (ID) (40%–80%–100%), nozzle temperature (NT) (200–210–220 °C) and printing speed (PS) (40–80–120 mm/s). Predictive models were developed using four machine learning (ML) algorithms: Gaussian process regression (GPR), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), artificial neural network (ANN) and random forest regression (RFR). Model performance was evaluated using mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE) and R-squared (R2). Additionally, ANOVA was conducted to identify the most influential parameters on surface roughness and energy consumption. Findings: The RFR model demonstrated superior accuracy with low error values and high R2 scores in estimating both surface roughness and energy consumption. ANOVA results indicated that LT (43.96%) and PS (40.01%) were the most significant factors affecting surface roughness, while LT (50.45%) and ID (27.58%) significantly influenced energy consumption. Originality/value: This study underscores the effectiveness of ML algorithms and statistical analysis in modeling and optimizing AM processes. The findings provide valuable insights into improving the efficiency and quality of 3D-printed components, particularly through the integration of carbon fiber-reinforced materials and advanced predictive modeling techniques.
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Neritic Zooplankton in Marguerite Bay, Antarctica
(2025-01-01) Kara, Alpaslan; Kurt, Tuba Terbıyık; Yağci, Meral Apaydin; Veske, Erdinç; Kocabaş, Engin; İnceoğlu, Haşim; Keleş, Murat; Aymaz, Ramazan; Yaman, Yalçın
This study details field investigations conducted during the 6th Turkish National Antarctic Science Expedition in February 2022, involving zooplankton sampling at ten stations along the western shores of Horseshoe Island, Marguerite Bay. Utilizing a WP-2 plankton net, both vertical and horizontal sampling methods were employed, with samples preserved for morphological and molecular analysis. Morphological assessments of collected zooplankton focused on detailed descriptions supported by digital imaging. Following Antarctic marine fieldwork, genetic research was initiated with DNA extraction from zooplankton specimens. Molecular analyses focused on amplifying mitochondrial gene regions. These mitochondrial DNA markers are recognized for species identification and phylogenetic investigations. This study was conducted by combining classical morphological assessment with mitochondrial DNA barcoding technology. As a result, molecular analyses of Calanoides acutus and Paralabidocera grandispina revealed high identity percentages (≥98%) when compared to reference sequences in the BOLD database, demonstrating successful species identification through mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) barcoding. Detailed morphological features of these two species, as well as others, were documented with particular focus on the structure of the swimming legs and genital segments. The study aims to contribute to the understanding of zooplankton biodiversity in Antarctic marine ecosystems, providing preliminary insights into genetic diversity and potential cryptic species through molecular genetic techniques.
Adaptive Selection Algorithm and Standard Error Termination Rule in Comparative Judgement: An Application for Assessing Writing Skills
(2025-01-01) Gürel, Sungur; Şahin, Murat Doğan; Uysal, İbrahim; İbileme, Ali İhsan; Gündüz, Tuba
This study aims to examine the scoring reliability of comparative judgement under different sample sizes and standard error termination rule conditions. For this purpose, a Monte Carlo simulation study with 9 conditions and 82 iterations was conducted with sample sizes of 250, 500 and 1000 and standard error termination rules of 0.40, 0.35 and 0.30. In addition, a application for assessing writing skills was conducted with a sample of 50 students using the standard error termination rule of 0.40 and a maximum number of comparisons of 40. In the simulation study, scoring reliability was determined by true reliability, rank order accuracy and scale separation reliability. In the application, the correlation between scores that are obtained with a holistic rubric and ability estimates that are obtained with adaptive comparative judgement as well as the correlation between scores that are obtained using an analytic rubric and ability estimates that are obtained with adaptive comparative judgement were examined. In addition, scale separation reliability was calculated to obtain ability estimates using adaptive comparative judgement. The simulation results showed a high level of reliability in all conditions. Moreover, reliability was high, independent of the sample size. We conclude that stricter standard error termination rules lead to higher levels of reliability, but this requires performances to be subjected to a higher number of pairwise comparisons. The application results showed high scale separation reliability of .89 and correlations of over 0.70 with the scores obtained by using both holistic and analytic rubrics. Overall, the results of the study suggest that adaptive comparative judgement can be used in both classroom and large-scale assessment applications. In addition, adaptive comparative judgement is considered advantageous because it is easier to administer, does not require a difference in the testing process, and places the abilities on a continuous scale.
Hypodectes propus (Nitzsch, 1861) (Acarina: Hypoderatidae) in common wood pigeons (Columba palumbus Linnaeus, 1758) (Aves: Columbidae): the first record in Türkiye
(Informa UK Limited, 2025-03-03) Ceylan Ceylan; M. A. Selçuk; O. Ceylan
Hypoderatid mites of the species Hypodectes propus have a complex interaction with their hosts and much remains to be elucidated about these mites. This study was planned based on the observation of small worm-like structures in the subcutaneous adipose tissues of wood pigeons, which were noticed by hunters and caused concern in some state hunting areas in southern Türkiye. In this study, the prevalence of H. propus infestation in wood pigeon populations in Burdur and Antalya provinces of Türkiye was investigated and H. propus deutonymphs were detected in subcutaneous adipose tissues of 72.4% (n: 55) of a total of 76 hunted pigeons. Confirmation that the deutonymphs belonged to H. propus was carried out by microscopy and the combined use of PCR and sequence analysis. Pairwise comparisons of the 18S rRNA gene region revealed that the H. propus isolate identified in the study (PP472912) shared a high nucleotide sequence similarity (99.44%) with a Hypodectes sp. isolate reported from a Great blue heron (Ardea herodias) from the USA (JQ000124). The findings revealed a significant infestation rate, underscoring the burden of ectoparasites on pigeon populations and their implications for avian health. Such infestations can cause stress, reduce reproductive success and increase susceptibility to pathogens, especially in free-ranging pigeons, which may play a role in parasite dynamics within ecosystems. This study is the first report of H. propus infestation with molecular characterization in wood pigeons in Türkiye and it is believed that this study will be useful to scientists and hunters interested in the subject.
Fractional modelling of gradual incorporation of infected prey into the predator-prey system with consideration of seasonality
(Informa UK Limited, 2025-03-25) Seda İğret Araz; Salah Boulaaras
Prey-predator models are essential for understanding the dynamics of ecological systems, where predators consume prey and population fluctuations are influenced by factors such as birth rates, death rates, and resource availability. The Lotka-Volterra model is a classical example, where prey populations grow exponentially in the absence of predators, and predator populations increase with the availability of prey. However, real-world ecosystems become more complex, particularly when diseases affect prey populations. Infected prey may exhibit altered behaviours or reduced fitness, making them more vulnerable to predation, thereby impacting both prey and predator populations. To model these interactions more realistically, disease dynamics will be incorporated to investigate the effects of infections on species behaviour, survival, and ecosystem stability. The gradual introduction of infected prey into the population will be modelled using an advanced framework of partial differential equations, which includes fractional derivatives to capture memory effects and non-local interactions. Furthermore, the model will incorporate almost periodic functions to account for seasonality, effectively reflecting the cyclical nature of environmental fluctuations.
A Comparative Study of Dormex® and Biostimulant Effects on Dormancy Release, Productivity, and Quality in ‘Royal Tioga®’ Sweet Cherry Trees (Prunus avium L.)
(MDPI AG, 2025-02-26) Burhanettin İmrak; Nesibe Ebru Kafkas; Songül Çömlekçioğlu; Ömer Faruk Bilgin; Ayşegül Esra Gölcü; Ayşegül Burgut; Şule Hilal Attar; Cenk Küçükyumuk; Zeliha Küçükyumuk
Dormancy breakers are widely employed in regions with an insufficient chill accumulation to enhance floral bud break in sweet cherry production. Dormex (HC) has not been authorized in Europe and many other countries due to its detrimental effects on human health (carcinogenic) and the environment. This situation has increased the demand for alternative chemicals to HC. The current study was conducted in an orchard of 5-year-old 'Royal Tioga (R)' sweet cherry trees (Prunus avium L.) grafted on MaxMa 14 rootstocks in the Karayusuflu Village (at an altitude of 50 m), Adana, a Mediterranean city in T & uuml;rkiye. Levante (LV) and HC were applied approximately 30 days before the anticipated dormancy break of the buds. Chill accumulation was quantified monthly during the 2023-2024 winter season using the chilling hours below 7.2 degrees C (467 h) and chill units (280 CUs). This study evaluated the effects of dormancy breakers on hormonal changes in floral buds, focusing specifically on gibberellic acid (GA3) and abscisic acid (ABA). Also, their impact on fruit set and quality parameters was assessed. The findings revealed that the LV and HC applications reduced the ABA content in flower buds during the dormancy period compared to the control. LV significantly improved bud break rates (56.8%) and fruit set (85.2%) while positively influencing the fruit quality parameters and yield. No significant differences between the LV and HC treatments were observed regarding average fruit weight (8.8-8.4 g) and yield values (3.7-3.5 kg tree-1). These results suggest LV as an alternative to HC for early-season cherry production in warm climates.
Cyber victimization and subjective well-being: protective roles of self-esteem and social support among Turkish gifted youths
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-05) Ergün Kara; Halil Aslan
Background: Cyber victimization has emerged as a significant issue among adolescents, particularly gifted youths. This study examines the serial mediating roles of self-esteem and social support in the relationship between cyber victimization and subjective well-being. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was utilized. Participants included 250 gifted Turkish adolescents who completed measures of cyber victimization, self-esteem, social support, and subjective well-being. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test the proposed relationships. Results: Findings revealed significant indirect effects of cyber victimization on subjective well-being through self-esteem and social support. Higher levels of self-esteem predicted greater perceived social support, which subsequently contributed to improved subjective well-being. Conclusions: Self-esteem and social support are critical protective factors mitigating the negative effects of cyber victimization on the subjective well-being of gifted youth. The study underscores the importance of interventions targeting these factors to enhance the well-being of cyberbullying victims.
Resilience and coping with earthquake stress: The roles of anxiety, stress, and depression as serial mediators
(SAGE Publications, 2025-03-29) Yahya Aktu; Abdulkadir Inak
Although a crucial relationship has been described between resilience and coping with earthquake stress (CES), little is known about the effects of anxiety, and stress, and depression have on this association. This study aims to investigate the indirect effects of anxiety, stress, and depression on the association between resilience and CES among adults who survived the Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquakes. The participants of the study included 415 adults (28.9% male, 71.1% female, Mage = 27.06) who were affected by the earthquakes. We used the Pearson correlation method to examine the associations among variables, and utilized Hayes' bootstrapping for the serial mediation analyses. The results indicate an increase in resilience after the earthquake disaster to also increase CES, with anxiety and stress affecting the resilience-CES relationship through depression. The results highlight the significance of resilience, anxiety, stress, and depression in elevating CES levels among adult earthquake survivors.
Reliable numerical scheme for coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation under the influence of the multiplicative time noise
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-03-28) Muhammad Zafarullah Baber; Nauman Ahmed; Muhammad Waqas Yasin; Muhammad Sajid Iqbal; Ali Akgül; Murad Khan Hassani; Muhammad Jawaz
In this study, we consider the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation under the influence of the multiplicative time noise. The coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which shows the complex envelope amplitudes of the two modulated weakly resonant waves in two polarisations and is used to describe the pulse propagation in high birefringence fibre, has several uses in optical fibres.query:Journal instruction requires a city for affiliations; however, these are missing in affiliation [6]. Please verify if the provided city are correct and amend if necessary. The underlying model is analyzed numerically and analytically as well. For the computational results, the proposed stochastic backward Euler scheme is developed and its consistency is derived in the mean square sense. For the linear stability analysis, Von-Neumann criteria is used, given proposed stochastic scheme is unconditionally stable. The exact optical soliton solutions are constructed with the help of the [Formula: see text]-model expansion technique, which provided us with the Jacobi elliptic function solutions that will explore optical solitons and solitary waves as well. The initial and boundary conditions are constructed for the numerical result by some optical soliton solutions. The 3D, 2D and corresponding contour plot are drawn for the different values of noise. Mainly, the comparison of results is shown graphically in 3D and line plots for some newly constructed solutions by selecting suitable parameters value.

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