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Öğe Effects of Washing Dirty Eggs of Geese with Boric Acid and Vinegar on Hatchability and Microbial Loads(Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2025-02-22) Eroglu, M; Erisir, Z; Simsek, U. G.; Mutlu, S. Iflazoglu; Baykalir, Y.; Gungoren, A.This study aimed to evaluate whether washing dirty goose eggs with tap water, vinegar, and boric acid solutions could improve hatching performance and reduce microbial load. A total of 3,360 eggs were used for hatching performance assessments, while 84 eggs were analyzed for microbiological parameters. The study consisted of seven treatment groups: physically clean eggs (PC), unwashed dirty eggs (NC), eggs washed in tap water (TW), eggs washed with a vinegar solution containing 2% acetic acid (S2), eggs washed with a vinegar solution containing 4% acetic acid (S4), eggs washed with a 2% boric acid solution (B2), and eggs washed with a 4% boric acid solution (B4). Hatchability of set eggs and hatch of fertile eggs improved significantly in the PC, S2, and B2 groups (P<0.01). Embryonic mortality was significantly low in the PC and B2 groups (P<0.05). Significant differences were observed between the groups for total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB) (P<0.001), total coliforms (TCN) (P<0.01), and Escherichia coli (P<0.01). The lowest TMAB counts were recorded in the S2 and B4 groups, while the lowest TCN counts were observed in the B4 group. Bacterial analysis of egg contents showed that all bacterial groups were below detectable limits. In conclusion, washing dirty goose eggs with tap water, vinegar, or boric acid solutions (2% and 4%) effectively reduced the microbial load on the eggshell for all examined microorganisms and significantly improved hatching parameters compared to dirty eggs.Öğe Characteristic of the excretory system in Cassida palaestina Reiche, 1858 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae)(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-05-06) Mesut Sırrı; Damla Amutkan MutluThe Malpighian tubules are well-known and studied as the principal excretory organs in most insects. They play a key role in the production of primary urine and osmoregulation. It works with the rectum while regulating the water and salt balance in the body. The distal ends of the tubules are found in contact with the wall of the rectum in insects that feed on dry substances or live in a nearly dry environment and therefore, need to retain water: that is an arrangement known as a cryptonephric system. In this study, Cassida palaestina Reiche, 1858 is a beetle species belonging to the order Coleoptera was used as material, and the morphological features of the Malpighian tubules of this species were examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The four cryptonephric Malpighian tubules of C. palaestina are found at the junction of the midgut and hindgut. The apical surface of tubule cells is surrounded by numerous microvilli. The cytoplasm of tubule cells fills with granules of many different sizes. Here, we reported our observations on the cryptonephridial complex in C. palaestina, and this study is almost the first study to examine the structure of the excretory system of the genus Cassida. Insights into the structure of the cryptonephridial complex of this species are compared with the well-studied cryptonephridial complexes of Cucujiformia. The findings were found to be quite similar to those of other species studied in the literature (with the structure of the Malpighian tubules of insects within the same order and from different orders). These data are the basis for future morphological studies. At the same time, the presence or absence of the cryptonephridial complex among species in the Cucujiformia infraorder, which C. palaestina is a part of, helps to understand the phylogenetic relationship.Öğe Equipping Police officers with resources: perceived control of internal states and suicide tendencies among Turkish Police officers, unraveling the serial mediating roles of resilience and depression(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-05-08) Mehmet Ali Padır; Caner Doğrusever; Bülent Tansel; Mehmet Sıddık VangölüDrawing from existing literature, this study highlights police officers' heightened vulnerability to depression and suicidality as a result of occupational stressors and investigates the intricate associations among Turkish police officers' perceived control of internal states (PCOIS), resilience, depression, and suicidal tendencies. The study uses a comprehensive analysis to investigate how PCOIS influences resilience and depression, which subsequently impact suicidal tendencies. A total of 628 police officers participated in the study voluntarily. The mediation analyses indicate individuals with high PCOIS levels tend to have higher resilience, thus leading to lower suicidality regardless of depression levels. High PCOIS levels have also been linked to lower depression levels, thus also leading to a decrease in suicidality independent of resilience. The study shows both resilience and depression to be affected by PCOIS levels, with resilience acting as a protective shield against suicidality, whereas depression exacerbates the likelihood of suicidality. Lastly, the study has uncovered a serial mediating effect, with higher PCOIS levels enhancing resilience and subsequently reducing depression and suicidal tendencies. Therefore, resilience and depression play crucial roles as serial mediators in the relationship between PCOIS and suicidality, underscoring PCOIS's importance in psychological interventions aimed at bolstering resilience and mitigating depression and suicidality among police officers. This study contributes uniquely to the literature by demonstrating PCOIS's protective role in a high-stress profession and provides practical implications for developing targeted mental health interventions.Öğe Integration of compost with mineral NPK fertilizers for improving wheat yield and soil health(Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2024-12-12) Abdul Basir; Sikandar Iqbal; Muhammad Adnan; Mushtaq Ahmad Khan; Rattan Lal; Shah Fahad; Beena Saeed; Manzoor Ahmad; Ibrahim Al-Ashkar; Çağdaş Can Toprak; Zeki Erden; Ayman El SabaghTreating the soil with balanced and appropriate fertilizers is vital for obtaining optimum yield and maintaining soil health in a sustainable manner. One of the bottlenecks to sustainable agricultural production is soil depletion due to unbalanced fertilization. To overcome these problems, a pot experiment was carried out, to explore the potential of composts and mineral fertilizers on the soil health, yield and NPK uptake in wheat in calcareous soil. NPK were supplemented through different sources including T1: Control, T2: 100% NPK as compost I (CI), T3: 100% NPK as compost II (CII), T4: 50%NPK each as CI and mineral fertilizers, T5: 50%NPK each as CII and mineral fertilizers, T6: 100% NPK as mineral fertilizers (120: 90: 60 kg ha-1). Significantly taller plants of (92.6 cm), higher spike length (11.60 cm), thousand grain weight (47.54 g), biological yields (9706.2 kg ha-1) and grain yield (4070 kg ha-2) were recorded at T5. Similarly, maximum leaves N content (1.54%) and P content (0.19%), soil mineral N (192.8 kg ha-1), nitrogen use efficiency (36.1 higher over control) and minimum soil pH (7.76) were also recorded were also observed at in pots treated with (50% NPK each as CII and mineral fertilizers) while the organic matter was highest in pots treated with full dose of CI. Therefore, application of NPK 50% each as mineral fertilizers and compost (CII) is recommended for obtaining optimum crop yield and improved soil and crop quality under calcareous soils.Öğe The effect of case hardening on the natural preservation of stone monuments, Fraktin monument, Türkiye(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-05-03) Mustafa Korkanç; İsmail İnce; Mehmet Yavuz Hüseyinca; Mehmet Bahadır Tosunlar; Mehmet Ergün HatırCase-hardening processes that develop in monuments reduce the porosity of rocks while increasing surface hardness. This situation may contribute to the transfer of cultural stone heritage markers to future generations by limiting the penetration into the rock structure of water, which is the most destructive agent in atmospheric weathering processes. This study focused on the Fraktin relief monument, which was created by the Hittites in the 13th century BCE by carving into the rock surface. The site was investigated to reveal the case-hardening mechanism and its effects on the physical properties of the rock. The geochemical formation mechanism of the surface-hardening process, which contributed to the survival of the Fraktin relief monument, was examined by use of scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and analysis by an inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). In addition, the effect of the hardening on the physical properties of the rock was investigated with nondestructive tests applied both in situ and in a laboratory. The SEM-EDS and ICP-MS analyses revealed that amorphous silica filled the pores of the rock and created surface hardening. This situation has increased the geotechnical properties of the unit in which the monument was carved, making it more resistant to atmospheric processes.Öğe Hydrogen production and electrochemical energy storage with a dual-function application of boron and oxygen-doped biomass-based porous activated carbon-based composite material(Elsevier BV, 2025-05) Yavuz Yardım; İlyas Genel; Cafer SakaIn this study, boron (B) and oxygen (O) atoms were doped into activated carbon (AC) derived from pomegranate peel biowaste through potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation using boric acid. This material (B, O doped ACPP) is used both as a metal-free catalyst in the production of hydrogen (H2–P) with sodium borohydride (NaBH4) in methanol (CH3OH) and as an electrode for a supercapacitor in the energy storage field. The results provide significant increases in both application areas with the same material. The TEM analysis revealed the formation of uniformly distributed nanoscale particles (∼8.25 nm), which further increases the accessible surface area and shortens ion diffusion paths. The completion time of H2 release by NaBH4 reaction in only CH3OH is 16 min. However, the H2–P reaction of NaBH4 in CH3OH with B, O doped ACPP is completed in 7 min. H2 production rate (HGR) value obtained using B, O doped ACPP with 0.25 g NaBH4 is 18471 mLmin−1gcat−1. A substantial enhancement of approximately 2.5 times in specific capacitance is observed for B, O-doped ACPP compared to ACPP. At a current density of 1.6 A g−1, the B, O-doped ACPP-GCE electrode demonstrates excellent cycling stability, 87.8 % of its capacitance after 10.000 cycles. The charge transfer resistance (Rct) values were measured to be 41.1 Ω for ACPP and 17.7 Ω for B, O doped ACPP.Öğe A Significant Need in the Medical Field: A New Method for Putrescine, Spermine and Spermidine Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)(MDPI AG, 2025-03-21) Naci Ömer AlayuntThe analysis of polyamines such as putrescine, spermine, and spermidine is very important for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, especially in the field of medicine and health. However, HPLC analysis methods are very limited in the literature. This study is very important in terms of validation parameters such as the linearity, reproducibility, and standard operating curves of polyamines such as serum putrescine, spermine and spermidine. Therefore, we developed a modified method for the analysis of serum putrescine, spermine, and spermidine. This study is superior to indirect measurement methods and is important as a gold standard. In this study, a reproducible method was developed according to the standard putrescine, spermine, and spermidine working curves and other validation criteria for HPLC. Polyamine biosynthesis is an ancient metabolic pathway found in all living organisms and the homeostasis of polyamines is essential for cell survival. This new HPLC method is a first in the field of medicine in that it provides fast, accurate, and reliable results in serum putrescine, spermine, and spermidine analysis and is used in routine analyses in the diagnosis of some specific diseases.Öğe Enhancing Wheat Productivity and Reducing Lead Uptake Through Biochar, Bentonite, and Rock Phosphate Integration(MDPI AG, 2025-04-14) Mohamed S. Elshikh; Mona S. Alwahibi; Zaffar Malik; Ahmad Ali; Hassan Mehmood; Hafiz Tanvir Ahmad; Sipan Soysal; P. V. Vara Prasad; Ivica Djalovic; Bogdan DugalicHeavy metal (HMs) toxicity has severely impacted wheat production and is considered an emerging threat to human health due to bioaccumulation. The application of organic and inorganic amendments has proven effective in mitigating HM’s phytotoxicity by limiting their mobility in soil and plants. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of biochar (BC), bentonite (BN), and rock phosphate (RP), both individually and in combination, in alleviating lead (Pb) toxicity and enhancing wheat growth, and physiological attributes. The present investigation revealed that BC, BN, RP, and their combined mineral biochar amendments (MBAs) at 1.5% level significantly enhanced wheat growth along with reducing DTPA-extractable Pb in soil by 30.0–49.8% and Pb uptake in roots by 15.7–37.5% and in shoots by 34.5–48.5%. Antioxidant enzymatic activities were improved, and stress indicators were reduced in roots and shoots of wheat under Pb stress, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by 50.7 and 81.0%, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels by 16.0 and 74.9%, and proline content by 34.5 and 64.0%, respectively. The effectiveness of the treatments is described in descending order viz. MBA-1 > MBA-3 > MBA-2 > BC > RP > BN under Pb stress. In conclusion, the integration of biochar, bentonite, and rock phosphate is a promising strategy for sustainable and cleaner cereal crop production under heavy metal stress conditions.Öğe Evaluation of miRNA Profile and Its Relationship with Metabolic Disorders in Obese and Pre-Obese Patients(MDPI AG, 2025-04-17) Kürşat Kargün; Erhan Aygen; Mehmet Fatih Ebiloğlu; Naci Ömer Alayunt; Lütfiye Kadıoğlu DalkılıçObesity is a growing global public health concern, with its prevalence rapidly increasing in Turkey, leading to severe consequences. Genetic factors, particularly mutations in structural genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in gene expression regulation have been widely investigated in obesity research. This study aimed to explore the role of obesity-associated miRNAs and their potential interaction with vascular response alterations. A total of 60 obese and pre-obese patients and 26 age- and sex-matched healthy controls from the General Surgery Department of Fırat University Medicine School were included. The expression levels of 93 miRNAs were analyzed in 86 samples using the Fluidigm Biomark RT-PCR system, with 5S RNA as the housekeeping gene. Significant differences were observed in weight, BMI, cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and lymphocyte counts between the groups (p < 0.0001). Several miRNAs, including hsa-miR-148a-3p, hsa-miR-503-3p, hsa-miR-34a-5p, and hsa-miR-199a-3p, were significantly downregulated in obese patients. Additionally, gender-specific differences in miRNA expression were identified. These findings indicate that miRNAs play a crucial role in obesity pathophysiology and could serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for obesity treatment.Öğe Improving the Accuracy of Groundwater Level Forecasting by Coupling Ensemble Machine Learning Model and Coronavirus Herd Immunity Optimizer(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-05-03) Ahmed M. Saqr; Veysi Kartal; Erkan Karakoyun; Mahmoud E. Abd-ElmaboudGroundwater levels are under severe pressure globally due to over-extraction, pollution, and climate change necessitating continuous monitoring for sustainable aquifer management. This study introduces a novel ensemble machine learning (En) model that integrates shallow and deep machine learning (ML) models, optimized through the coronavirus herd immunity optimizer (CHIO), for accurate groundwater level forecasting. This En model was applied to the Ergene River Basin, Türkiye, a region facing severe groundwater depletion and contamination due to intensive agricultural and industrial activities. Groundwater level data spanning 1966 to 2023 on a weekly basis from four wells were used, split into 70% for training and 30% for testing under short- and long-term scenarios. Using the partial autocorrelation function and gamma test the best lag numbers were determined for input data, reflecting aquifer heterogeneity. Score analysis, supported by statistical metrics such as the coefficient of determination (R²) and root mean square error (RMSE), was employed alongside visual aids to assess the developed En model performance. Results demonstrated that deep ML models outperformed shallow ML models achieving R² ~ 0.99 and RMSE ~ 0.5 m. The developed En model outperformed all individual ML models, with score values exceeding 200, and its predictions closely aligned with measured water levels during both testing phases. The findings underscored the developed En model’s contribution to achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) by enhancing water-use efficiency and addressing environmental, economic, and social sustainability challenges. The proposed approach offers a reliable and adaptable solution for groundwater level forecasting, applicable to other aquifers worldwide.Öğe Effects of irrigation level, plant density, and nitrogen doses on sweet corn yield and water productivity(Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2024-11-01) Hayrettin Kuşçu; Halis Seçme; İpek KarakuşPlant density, nitrogen and irrigation management are three important agricultural inputs that affect plant yield and quality. This study was undertaken to ascertain the impact of varying plant densities, irrigation water levels and nitrogen rates on the yield, some yield components and irrigation water productivity (IWP) of sweet corn (Zea mays L.) cultivated in an open-field environment. To this end, two-year field experiments were carried out using the Challenger F1 corn variety on clay-textured soil in the Bursa province located in the Southern Marmara Region of Turkey. In the first year of the experiment, plant density in the main plots and irrigation levels in split plots were randomized. Accordingly, two plant density levels (57000 and 95000 plants ha-1) and three irrigation levels (100%, 67%, and 33% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)) were applied. In the second year of the experiment, three irrigation levels in main plots (100%, 80%, and 60% of ETc) and three N fertility ratios (150, 300, and 450 kg ha-1) in split plots were assigned. A combination of 95000 plants ha-1 population and 100%ETc irrigation ratio provided maximum fresh ear yield. The irrigation treatment 80%ETc, accompanied by 300 kg N ha-1, and 76000 plants ha-1 population was determined as the optimal management system for maximum yield, yield components, and IWP. To preserve soil and water resources, the optimal management system at maximum yield and IWP should be implemented for sweet corn production in the Marmara region.Öğe Evaluation of machine learning applications in building life cycle processes for energy efficiency: A systematic review(Elsevier BV, 2025-06) Gevher Nesibe Kaya; Figen Beyhan; Zeynep Yeşim İlerisoy; Jan CudzikIn recent years, machine learning has been increasingly applied to achieve energy efficiency in buildings. This study analyzes the utilization of machine learning across the building life cycle by reviewing literature on building energy efficiency. In this context, a systematic literature search was conducted using the Web of Science (WOS) search engine, and 868 publications were found. The publications were analyzed according to their year, subject scope, and qualification results, and 84 publications were selected. These publications were discussed under five categories: objective function and control variables, programs, simulations, machine learning, and optimization algorithms. The relationships between these categories and each phase of the building life cycle were examined. The findings suggest that machine learning can effectively optimize factors related to energy efficiency and building sustainability throughout the life cycle, and it is anticipated that interdisciplinary studies incorporating machine learning will experience exponential growth in the future.Öğe Numerical Solutions of Fractional Systems Using Bessel Artificial Neural Network Based Integrated Intelligent Computing(ASME International, 2025-03-28) Mariam Sultana; Uroosa Arshad; Ali Akgül; M. KhalidNowadays, fractional differential equations (FDE's), with their numerical solutions, are a developing area of research since differential equations of these sort are a frequent presence in different fields of physical sciences. In this research article, a Bessel Artificial Neural Network Technique (BANNT) has been presented to solve Systems of FDE's where fractional derivative operator (practiced here) is of a newly defined Atangana Baleanu Caputo (ABC) type. ABCFD is a modified version of caputo fractional derivative that helps in solving such systems of FDE's. This technique integrates knowledge about the FDE's into BANNT and the training sets. BANNT is being used repeatedly to solve different variety of problems addressing a wide range of disciplines. After developing the technique, the BANNT is applied to some system of differential equations of the Fractional Order. Numerous illustrations have been presented to elucidate the implementation and efficiency of the BANNT, and the numerical results obtained are then graphically plotted.Öğe EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MODELING WITH DEVELOPING COUNTRIES REALITIES: APPLICATION TO EBOLA AND COVID SPREAD(World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd, 2025-04-21) ABDON ATANGANA; SEDA IGRET ARAZIn this paper, we introduced two approaches that will help mathematical models not only to accurately present future impact of a given outbreak, but also to consider challenges faced by undeveloped countries, indeed this methodology is also important even in developed countries. The first approach was to construct indicator rate functions representing death, recoveries and infection rates using collected data. The second approach is to include into the new mathematical model, undetected classes for death, infected and recoveries. The paper presents a critical analysis of epidemiological modeling of infectious disease with a particular application to Ebola and COVID-19 spread. To achieve our goal, we question the current approach to the model spread of infectious diseases in general. We suggested a novel methodology that could be more accurate than the existing one, by introducing into the mathematical conceptual model undetected classes. We presented a detailed analysis of these models including their well-posedness and numerical solutions. We considered the spread of two different infectious diseases Ebola and COVID-19. Existing mathematical models of both, the modifications suggested in this work were compared with experimental data for Ebola in Congo and COVID-19 in South Africa. The comparison showed that the suggested methodology is more informative than the existing one as it helps predict infected, recovered, and dead classes considering the realities of undeveloped countries. We strongly believe that this new approach will help mathematicians model more accurately the spread of infectious diseases. Thus having better predictions, results will help law makers to take decisions that will help countries, governments and cemeteries to reduce the burdens due to the impact of an outbreakÖğe Assessment of lipocalin-1, resistin, cathepsin-D, neurokinin A, agmatine, NGF, and BDNF serum levels in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2025-04-21) Veysel Tahiroğlu; Cüneyt Cağlayan; Ayşe Gizem Güleç; Sinem Yavuz Öztürk; Hasan Karageçili; Tahir ÇağlarAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurological and developmental disorder that affects all aspects of social communication, with stereotypical and limited interest and atypical responses to sensory stimuli. There isn't a reliable lab test that can help clinicians diagnose ASD. This study aimed to examine serum lipocalin-1, resistin, cathepsin-D, neurokinin A, agmatinase, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels in children with ASD. The study had 40 matched control subjects and 39 ASD sufferers in total. The diagnosis was made by medical professionals using the Gilliam Autistic Disorder Rating Scale-2-TV (GOBDÖ-2-TV), Denver Developmental Screening Test, and Porteus Intelligence Tests. Compared to the control group, serum levels of lipocalin-1, resistin, cathepsin-D, agmatinase, BDNF, and NGF were found to be high and GFAP levels were low in children having ASD. B12 and magnesium levels were significantly lower in the ASD group than in the control group, while sodium and chloride levels were higher in the ASD group (p<0.05). The aforementioned parameters may be involved in the pathophysiology of ASD, as evidenced by the fact that their values were greater in children with ASD than in controls. Additionally, evaluation of some routinely measured biochemical parameters may suggest that nutritional and electrolyte balance may differ in individuals with ASD.Öğe Valorization of spent coffee grounds: a multi-solvent extraction approach and blending with waste cooking oil for sustainable biodiesel production(Informa UK Limited, 2025-04-22) Ramiz Rafil Al-Samaraae; Abdulaziz Atabani; Ismail Bogrekci; Muhamed Raşit Atelge; Tülin Avcı Hansu; Mustafa Kaya; Hilal Demir Kıvrak; Yalçın Şevki Yıldız; Selahaddin Orhan Akansu; Sebahattin Ünalan; Pinar DemirciogluA worldwide waste stream, spent coffee grounds (SCG), presents serious environmental challenges because of landfill disposal and methane emissions. In this work, the valorization of SCG through oil extraction and biodiesel synthesis has been investigated. Hexane, a non-polar solvent, achieved the highest spent coffee grounds oil (SCGO) yield of 18.73 ± 2.31% (dry weight basis). Non-polar solvents usually produce lower free fatty acid (FFA) content than polar solvents. For instance, hexane extracted SCGO with an acid value of 7.85 mg KOH/g, much below ethanol (16.20 mg KOH/g). The direct alkaline transesterification via blending SCGO with low FFA WCO is a creative way to lower the FFA of SCGO. This reduced production costs, energy requirement and catalyst consumption as it eliminates the need for the 2-step esterification-transesterification process. A biodiesel yield of 99% was achieved with 90%WCO:10%SCGO blend. The biodiesel quality was validated via GC-MS, FT-IR, NMR and TGA analyses. Results indicated that SCGO is a promising biodiesel feedstock when blending with WCO. This helps make the economy more sustainable and circular by reducing reliance on fossil fuels and waste generation. This study falls well within the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) such as Affordable and Clean Energy (SDG7) and Climate Action (SDG13)Öğe Investigating slip velocity effects on thermal and mass transport in magnetized nanoparticle squeeze flow via numerical scheme(SAGE Publications, 2025-04-24) Danish Ali; Hakeem Ullah; Mehreen Fiza; Aasim Ullah Jan; Ali Akgül; AS Hendy; Saeed IslamEfficient control over heat and mass transport in confined fluid systems is essential for applications in biomedical devices, lubrication systems, and industrial cooling technologies. However, conventional studies often overlook the combined impact of velocity slip, magnetic effects, and nanoparticle concentration on squeeze flow, leading to gaps in understanding heat and mass transport mechanisms under dynamic compression. This research addresses this gap by investigating the influence of nanoparticle volume fraction, magnetic field intensity, velocity slip, Schmidt number, and squeeze number on the Cu-water based Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) unsteady squeezing flow using a numerical approach. The governing nonlinear differential equations are solved using the bvp4c solver in MATLAB. Results indicate that the skin friction coefficient decreases with the increasing squeeze number, with values reaching -3.3907 for S = 1.0, aligning closely with already published results. Similarly, the Nusselt number decreases as S increases, with a computed value of 1.1195 at S = 1.0. The application of a stronger magnetic field reduces the velocity profile, while higher Schmidt numbers suppresses diffusion. The slip parameter has negligible impact on the concentration profile, while an increase in the squeeze number slightly elevates the concentration. This study provides quantitative insights into the combined effects of slip velocity, MHD, and nanoparticle concentration on squeeze flow, offering valuable implications for microfluidic cooling systems, biomedical transport, and high-performance lubrication technologies.Öğe Bioactive Apigenin-7-O-β-Glucoside and Rosmarinic Acid Molecules From Two Nepeta Species: Bioactivity-Guided Isolation, In Vitro Evaluations, Pharmacokinetic and In Silico Approaches as Metabolic Enzyme Inhibition Agents(Wiley, 2025-04-27) Mesut Gok; Yunus Basar; Semiha Yenigun; Yasar Ipek; Lutfi Behcet; Tevfik Ozen; Ibrahim DemirtasIntroduction: In this study, apigenin-7-O-β-glucoside (AGL) was isolated from Nepeta nuda; also, rosmarinic acid (RA) was isolated from N. aristata and N. nuda. Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the enzyme inhibitory, DNA protective, and antibacterial effects of AGL and RA isolated from two Nepeta species. Material and methods: 1D and 2D NMR spectra and an MS chromatogram were recorded to identify AGL and RA. The antibacterial and DNA protection activities, enzyme inhibition, and kinetics investigated of AGL and RA. Molecular interactions, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) calculations, density functional theory (DFT), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analyses, and prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) predictions for RA and AGL were investigated for the first time to evaluate the activity results. Results: In this context, the inhibitory properties of AGL were higher in urease, α-amylase, and tyrosinase, whereas RA has a higher inhibitory activity on lipase, CA, and urease. In addition, AGL and RA showed effective antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, while it also was effective DNA and deoxyribose protective activities. The stability of the complex formed by lipase, CA, and urease with RA and by tyrosinase and α-amylase with AGL was determined by MD simulations, and the energy results of RA were evaluated by MM-PBSA analysis. The DFT, MEP analysis, and PASS prediction showed that AGL and RA have a soft structure and can easily exchange electrons. Conclusion: According to the results obtained from the current study, AGL and RA were explored as a drug model.Öğe Subclinical Pregnancy Toxemia Affects Blood Parameters of Ewes and Impairs Postnatal Growth and Development of Lambs(Wiley, 2025-04-22) Ali Osman Turgut; Mürsel Küçük; Mehmet Irmak; Cahit Özcan; Davut Koca; Erman Gülendağ; Muhammed Furkan Önen; Rahmi Doğan; Ali Ünver; İbrahim Halil KeskinPregnancy toxemia (PT) is a common metabolic disorder that occurs in the last trimester of pregnancy. This study aimed to detect the effects of subclinical PT (SPT) on serum biochemical parameters of ewes and postnatal growth and development of lambs in Romanov sheep. A total of 40 ewes and 69 lambs were included in the study. Blood samples of ewes were collected at the time of parturition to evaluate serum beta-hydroxybutyric acid (βHBA), serum nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA), cholesterol, and triglyceride. Live weight and body measurements of lambs were recorded at birth (0th day), 30th day, and 60th (weaning) day. In the diagnosis of SPT serum βHBA concentrations were taken into account. A cut-off value of 0.8 mmol/L for βHBA was a critical concentration and ewes with 0.8-1.6 mmol/L βHBA were evaluated as SPT. There were no ewes with ΒHBA value higher than 1.6 mmol/L (clinical PT) in the study. There was no significant difference in serum βHBA, NEFA and cholesterol concentrations between ewes regarding birth type (single, twin, and triplet). However, triglyceride concentrations were higher (p < 0.001) in ewes giving birth to triplets compared to ewes giving birth to single lamb. Serum βHBA and triglyceride concentrations were higher (p < 0.01) in ewes with SPT (n = 14) compared to healthy ewes (n = 26). There was no significant difference between ewes with SPT and healthy ewes in serum NEFA and cholesterol. Repeated measures ANOVA results indicated that SPT negatively affected 0th, 30th, and 60th body weights of twin (p < 0.01) and triplet born lambs (p < 0.05). The effect of time on body weights was also found to be significant (p < 0.001). Similarly, most of the body measurements of twin and triplet born lambs were lower (p < 0.05) in the SPT group compared to healthy group. Overall results indicate that SPT may negatively affect postnatal growth and development in Romanov lambs. Because a decline in growth performance has many negative outcomes affecting production traits in sheep, these findings may be valuable for the veterinary field.Öğe Spatio-temporal patterns and Turing–Hopf bifurcation in a spatially extended prey–predator model with ratio-dependent interactions(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-16) Muhammad Waqas Yasin; Nauman Ahmed; Ali Akgül; Muhammad Zafarullah Baber; Dumitru Baleanu; Ovidiu Tintareanu-MirceaIn this manuscript, we investigate the (2+1)-dimensional ratio-dependent prey–predator system. Prey–predator dynamics are a vital component of the eco-system. It provides the basic food for the living organisms. So, we considered the extended prey–predator model. The underlying model has 2 equilibrium points and stability analysis is carried out about the coexistence equilibrium. The condition for the Hopf bifurcation and Turing instabilities are derived. These conditions help to analyze the formation of patterns in the prey–predator system. The dispersion relation shows the changing behavior of Hopf bifurcation and Turing instability from stable to unstable. The bifurcation and Turing instability simulation divide the parametric space into 4 Regions. In Region I, the solution is stable, in Region II there is purely Turing instability, in Region III, there is only Hopf instability and in Region IV there is Hopf as well as Turing instability. Different types of Turing patterns are produced to capture rate parameters. The numerical solution of the model is obtained by positivity preserving finite difference scheme. The applied scheme is von Neumann stable, and consistent with the model. The bounded behavior of a given scheme is established. Mainly, we are focused on the graphical simulations for pattern formation and steady-state analysis. The 3D and 2D visualization for the Turing pattern and numerical solution are drawn for the various parameter values. The numerical simulations endorsed the analytical results.
