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Advanced Soft Computing Techniques for Monthly Streamflow Prediction in Seasonal Rivers
(MDPI AG, 2025-01-19) Mohammed Achite; Okan Mert Katipoğlu; Veysi Kartal; Metin Sarıgöl; Muhammad Jehanzaib; Enes Gül
The rising incidence of droughts in specific global regions in recent years, primarily attributed to global warming, has markedly increased the demand for reliable and accurate streamflow estimation. Streamflow estimation is essential for the effective management and utilization of water resources, as well as for the design of hydraulic infrastructure. Furthermore, research on streamflow estimation has gained heightened importance because water is essential not only for the survival of all living organisms but also for determining the quality of life on Earth. In this study, advanced soft computing techniques, including long short-term memory (LSTM), convolutional neural network–recurrent neural network (CNN-RNN), and group method of data handling (GMDH) algorithms, were employed to forecast monthly streamflow time series at two different stations in the Wadi Mina basin. The performance of each technique was evaluated using statistical criteria such as mean square error (MSE), mean bias error (MBE), mean absolute error (MAE), and the correlation coefficient (R). The results of this study demonstrated that the GMDH algorithm produced the most accurate forecasts at the Sidi AEK Djillali station, with metrics of MSE: 0.132, MAE: 0.185, MBE: −0.008, and R: 0.636. Similarly, the CNN-RNN algorithm achieved the best performance at the Kef Mehboula station, with metrics of MSE: 0.298, MAE: 0.335, MBE: −0.018, and R: 0.597.
New Approaches in Viticulture: Different Rates of Net Shadow Applications to Yield, Must, Color and Wine Quality
(MDPI AG, 2025-01-01) Tuba Uzun Bayraktar
This study was conducted on the Sinceri grape variety in 2023. Three applications (35%, 55% and 75% net shadows) and a control were applied in the experiment. The shading materials were covered over the vines when the grapes were at veraison. The effects of the applied net shadows on the grape yield, color parameters of the berry skin and physicochemical analyses in the must were examined. In addition, some chemical analyses [such as pH, ethyl alcohol (%), volatile acidity (mg/L), reducing sugar (g/L), density and total acidity (g/L)], secondary metabolites, color parameters and sensory analyses were performed in wines produced spontaneously by the microvinification method. In terms of the yield parameters, the 55% net shadow application provided a 61.93% increase in grape yield, 37.83% increase in cluster weight and 35.76% increase in 100-berries weight compared to the control. While the L* value and Hue angle increased, the a* value, b* value and Chroma value decreased as the proportion of shading material increased. In the must, the must yield and total acidity increased while the TSSC, maturity index and density decreased. In terms of the physicochemical wine analysis (ethyl alcohol, density, total phenolic compound and antioxidant amount) and sensory evaluations, the best result was given by 75% net shadow and, in terms of wine color parameters, by 55% net shadow application.
Wheat genotypes respond differently under polyethylene glycol (PEG) induced drought stress during germination and early seedling growth stages
(Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2024-08-01) Mst Masuma Akhter; M.A. Hasan; M.M. Bahadur; M.R. Islam; Muhammad Aamir Iqbal; Walid Soufan; Khandakar Aurib; Tanjila Akhter; Sipan Soysal; Ayman Elsabagh; Elsabagh Heniesh; Mohammad Sohidul Islam
Water scarcity has emerged as one of a critical environmental constriction that negatively affect wheat growth, development and yield in Bangladesh. Identification of drought tolerant genotypes is crucial at drought sensitive initial stages of plant growth especially germination and seedling growth stages. To cater this issue, 30 wheat genotypes were subjected to polyehelene glycol (PEG 6000) induced drought stress levels of 0,-2.0 and-4.0 Mpa (osmotic stresses) and their response was tested at the germination and seedling growth stages. The experimental set up was Completely Ramdomized Design (CRD) with five replications. The results revealed that the rate of germination (RG) among the genotypes varied significantly with the different water potential levels, and the RG decreased with the advancement of stress. The stress tolerance index (STI) values based on RG were > 0.900 in wheat cultivars of Shatabdi, BARI Gom 25, BAW 1118, BAW 1151, BAW 1161, E 2, E 18, E 30, E 34 and E 38under severe water deficit stress, while the values were < 0.800 in wheat genotypes BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 27, BARI Gom 28, BAW 1130, BAW 1140, BAW 1143, BAW 1168, E 28 and E 42. The co-efficient of germination (COG) was significantly decreased with increasing water potential stresses (-2 &-4 bars), and the genotypes Sourav, BARI Gom 25, BAW 1118, BAW 1135, BAW 1151, BAW 1157, BAW 1161, BAW 1163, BAW 1170, BAW 1171, E 2, E 18, E 23, E 29, E 34 and E 38showed > 0.980 STI values whereas, BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 27, E 24, E 28, E 42, BAW 1130, BAW 1140 and BAW 1168 produced < 0.970 STI values under higher water potential. Higher STI values (> 0.920) regarding the germination vigour index (GVI) under higher water stress were observed in BARI Gom 25, E 18, E 23, E 34, E 38, BAW 1118, BAW 1161 and BAW 1170, and very lower STI values (< 0.800) were obtained in the Shatabdi, BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 27, BAW 1130, BAW 1140, BAW 1168, E 3, E 24, E 28 and E 42 genotypes. The genotypes Shatabdi, BARI Gom 25, E 18, E 38, BAW 1118, BARI Gom 27, E 24, E 34, BAW 1143 and BAW 1170 showed higher STI values (> 0.550) indicating tolerant genotypes and the genotypes Sourav, BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 28, BAW 1130, BAW 1151, BAW 1168, E 2, E 3, E 28 and E 29demonstrated lower STI values (< 0.450) designating susceptible genotypes. As water deficit stress increased, the shoot weight (g) of wheat genotypes decreased. Notably, genotypes Shatabdi, BARI Gom 25, E 18, E 34, E 38, and BAW 1118 exhibited Stress Tolerance Index (STI) values greater than 0.700. In contrast, genotypes BARI Gom 26, E 2, E 23, E 29, BAW 1130, BAW 1140, BAW 1151, BAW 1157, and BAW 1161 displayed STI values lower than 0.550. The genotypes showing higher and lower STI values denoted water stress tolerant and susceptible genotypes, respectively.
Associations between leptin gene polymorphism and some reproductive traits in Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle
(Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 2024) Mustafa Kibar; Aytekin İ.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of leptin gene polymorphism and other environmental factors on age at first breeding (AFB; day), age at first calving (AFC; day), service period (SP; day), number of inseminations per conception (NIPC; count), gestation period (GP; day) and calving interval (CI; day). For this purpose, whole blood samples were obtained from the Vena coccygea of 212 Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle reared on a private farm in Türkiye. The Sau3AI restriction enzyme with the PCR-RFLP method was used to determine the polymorphism of 422 base pairs (bp) in the intron 2 region of the leptin gene. The frequencies of the A and B alleles and the AA, AB and BB genotypes were determined to be 0.8821 and 0.1179, and 0.764, 0.236 and 0.000, respectively. There were no animals with the BB genotype in the population. The population of Holstein-Friesian was also at the level of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with regard to the leptin gene (P>0.05). The study found the highest direct heritability in the GP trait (0.33±0.268), while the lowest was observed in the NIPC trait (0.01±0.118). For the traits SP (P<0.10), NIPC (P<0.05), and CI (P<0.05), higher values were recorded in cattle with genotype AA compared to those with genotype AB. However, no significant association was found between genotypes and AFB, AFC, GP, and estimated breeding values (EBVs). This suggests that the heritability of these traits may not be strongly affected by the genotypes emphasized. As a result, the AB genotype or B allele could be used in selection for SP, NIPC, and CI, but the allele or genotype did not suggest marker-assisted selection (MAS) for AFB, AFC, and GP. Copyright
Chemical profiling and antioxidant potential of propolis from Pervari, Siirt: discovery of tannic acid and key bioactive compounds
(Informa UK Limited, 2025-01-24) Erkan Sırma; Mehmet Fidan; Mesut Gök; İbrahim Tegin; Mustafa Abdullah Yılmaz; Erdal Yabalak
Propolis, a natural product with remarkable therapeutic potential, has gained attention for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, propolis samples from Sarıyaprak, Kovanağzı, and Çemikari in Pervari, Siirt province, were analysed comprehensively. The evaluation included wax composition, DPPH and FRAP assays, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and pollen analysis. Phytochemical compounds were identified using GC-MS and LC-MS/MS techniques. Among the regions, Çemikari samples exhibited the highest antioxidant activity and phenolic and flavonoid contents, with wax content averaging 60% across all locations. Key compounds identified via RSH-GC/MS included α-pinene, β-pinene, nonadecanal, and nonanal, while GC-MS revealed borneol, sedrenol, and benzyl alcohol. Significant phenolic compounds such as gallic acid, caffeic acid, and tannic acid (reported for the first time in Turkish propolis) were also detected. The high borneol concentration, with its strong anti-inflammatory properties, underscores the unique traits of these samples and their promising antioxidant potential for further research.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Changes in Placentomes in the Second and Third Trimesters of Pregnancy in Cross‐Bred Hamdani Sheep
(Wiley, 2025-01) Banu Kandil; Ali Osman Turgut; Davut Koca; Fatma Isbilir; Muhammed Zahid Atli; Barıs Can Guzel
Background: A proper placentation is required for establishment and continuity of pregnancy. In sheep, placentomes are unique structures that enable nutrition and gas exchange between the mother and the foetus. Although placentomes are dynamic formations, there is limited knowledge of changes in placentomes during pregnancy. Objective: This study aimed to identify changes in sheep placentomes in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy using both macroscopic and microscopic methods. Methods: This study investigated 14 healthy cross-breed Hamdani sheep placentomes, comprising seven second and seven third trimesters of pregnancy. The histomorphometric analysis included measurements of capillary number and area in cotyledonary and caruncular regions, while morphometric assessments encompassed placentome dimensions such as number, length, width, and depth. Results: Placentomes were oval and circular in shape in the second and third trimesters. In the second trimester, they were observed as concave structures with thick edges, whereas in the third trimester, they were determined as thin-edged structures with a slight depression in the centre. In the third trimester, foetal and maternal tissues became more intertwined with increased branching of foetal villi and maternal crypts. Placental hematomas and erythrocytes in the cytoplasm of trophoblast cells were more prominent in the third trimester. Statistical analysis revealed no difference in placentome number between the second and third trimesters. However, the dimensions (length, width, and depth) of placentomes were greater in the third trimester compared to the second trimester (p < 0.001). Additionally, while there was no difference in the number of cotyledonary versus caruncular capillaries in the second trimester, cotyledonary capillaries outnumbered caruncular capillaries in the third trimester (p < 0.001). Furthermore, both cotyledonary and caruncular capillary areas increased in the third trimester compared to the second trimester, with the caruncular capillary area being consistently higher than the cotyledonary capillary area in both trimesters (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study underscores the substantial structural and physiological transformations of placentomes in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy in sheep. These adaptations facilitate efficient flow exchange between the foetus and mother, highlighting the dynamic nature of placental development during late gestation.
Predictive Value of Plasma Zonulin Levels during Early Gestational Weeks in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
(Galenos Yayinevi, 2024-12-25) Celal Cengiz; Lebriz Hale Aktün Tamer; Volkan Ülker; Mustafa Cengiz; İsa Aykut Özdemir
Objective: This study aimed to determine the impact and predictive utility of serum zonulin levels measured between 11-14 weeks of gestation and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) testing between 24-28 weeks of gestation in predicting patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: The study included 209 pregnant women at 11-14 weeks of gestation. Among the pregnant women who presented to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Department of İstanbul Medipol Mega Hospital, those who could not be reached due to the covid pandemic (69), aborted (4), diagnosed with chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus (3), and those who withdrew from the study (4) were excluded from the study. The study group included 48 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM at 24-28 weeks of gestation. On the other hand, the control group was formed by randomly selecting 40 pregnant women from 81 pregnant women who were not diagnosed with GDM due to the lack of a kit using a computer-based program. GDM was diagnosed using an OGTT performed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation according to the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria. Plasma zonulin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: When zonulin (ng/mL) and body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) values were compared between the study and control groups, a significant correlation was found between zonulin (35.77±8.79 (ng/mL), 29.76±6.96 (ng/mL), p=0.01) and BMI (kg/m2) (26.02±2.39, 24.78±2.7 (kg/m2), p=0.032). In addition, a correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between plasma zonulin level and first-hour OGTT. Conclusion: The findings of our research indicate that zonulin has the potential to function as a non-invasive biomarker of GDM development. More extensive research is required on this topic.
Characteristics of elastic deformation on Boger hybrid nanofluid using modified Hamilton–Crosser model: a local thermal nonequilibrium model
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-01-15) Mostafa Mohamed Okasha; Munawar Abbas; Muyassar Norberdiyeva; Dyana Aziz Bayz; Ibrahim Mahariq; Ansar Abbas; Ali Akgül; Ahmed M. Galal
In this investigation, elastic deformation characteristics on surface tension gradient flow of Boger hybrid fluid over a plate using modified Hamilton-Crosser Model are examined. The modeling takes into account the influence of local thermal nonequilibrium (LTNE). The expanded Cattaneo-Christov theory, which takes relaxation times into account, is the current theory for mass and heat transmission. Excellent heat transmission is offered by the energy equation-based LTNE model for both the liquid and solid phases. Therefore, in this work, two thermal distributions are used for both the liquid and solid phases. It can be applied to materials science to improve heat transmission procedures and nanotechnology, where accurate temperature control is essential for applications like electronic device cooling systems, microfluidic devices, and biomedical applications. Better modeling of complicated fluids in these systems is made possible by the addition of elastic deformation and LTNE, which enhances the systems' stability and efficiency, particularly under nonequilibrium heat conditions. The Bvp4c method is used to solve the model equation system numerically once the relevant similarity variables have condensed. To illustrate how different physical conditions affect the involved distributions, the findings are graphed. Results show that Boger fluid exhibits enhanced velocity at increasing solvent percent parameter values.
Comparison of Secondary Metabolites and Essential Oil Content of Some Origanum Species
(Tekirdag Ziraat Fakultesi Dergisi, 2024-12-23) Muhsin Ağamirzaoğlu; Negar Valizadeh; Amir Rahimi
Origanum genus is one of the most widely used herbs in folk medicine for its biological properties. This study was performed to determine the morphological and phytochemical properties of five species of Origanum including O. majorana, O. onites, O. syriacum, O. vulgare subsp. vulgare and O. vulgare subsp. hirtum as important ethnomedicinal plants. The study was performed at a Research Farm based at Urmia University, Iran. The plants were collected from various places for determining some quantitative properties, antioxidant compounds, and essential contents. The results showed that the highest plant height (86.4 cm) was observed in O. vulgare subsp. hirtum. The highest fresh weight and dry weight were observed in O. onites (826 and 250 g) and O. vulgare subsp. hirtum (727.64 and 230 g) species in comparison to others, respectively. However, the highest essential oil, essential oil yield per plant, and essential oil yield per ha were 5.26%, 1.71 g and 114 kg ha-1 , respectively, which was observed in O. vulgare subsp. hirtum species. The quantitative analysis revealed higher content of total phenol (51.12%), flavonoid (6.93%), 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), (54.29%), superoxide (50.04%) and radical scavenging activities in O. vulgare subsp. hirtum species, but the O. onites species showed higher (21.60%) nitric oxide radical scavenging activities compared to other species. The essential oil analysis revealed that the thymol (6.90-59.89%), carvacrol (0.83-48.91%), gamma-terpinene (6.55-18.20%), p-cymene (0.50-20.94%) and alpha-terpinene (2.71-4.28%) were the most prominent compounds in the studied species of the genus Origanum. Cluster analysis showed two main categories and high similarity between O. onites and O. vulgare subsp. hirtum. The findings of the current research indicate that O. vulgare subsp. hirtum was the best species in terms of phytochemical properties.
Survey of the Current Distribution Areas of Cassida Species Detected on Centaurea behen L. in Hakkari Province in Turkey with Maxent Model
(American Entomological Society, 2025-01-10) Mesut Sirri; Neslihan Bal
One of the most important causes of climate change is chemical inputs used in agricultural areas. The use of biocontrol agents to control weeds, which cause serious yield losses in production, constitutes an alternative to herbicides. This study was carried out to determine the distribution areas of Centaurea behen and the Cassida species on it in Hakk & acirc;ri and its districts. Surveillance studies were carried out in terms of host plants and biocontrol agents at 170 sampling points to represent the region. In 65 (38%) of the examined locations, C. behen was encountered and five different Cassida species (C. palaestina, C. pannonica, C. rubiginosa, C. sanguinosa and C. strejceki), one of which was endemic, were detected feeding on it. In this study, the spatial distribution of hosts and biological agents in T & uuml;rkiye under the current climate was estimated using the MaxEnt model. As a result, it was revealed that C. behen and Cassida species may have wider spatial distribution areas than the locations recorded in the literature. Cassida rubiginosa, C. sanguinosa and C. palaestina species were the highest in terms of population and frequency of occurrence of biocontrol agents detected on C. behen in the region. In addition, C. strejceki, an endemic species for T & uuml;rkiye, was identified as the first host plant of C. behen in this study. Cassida strejceki may be a potential biocontrol agent since it was detected only on C. behen in the region.
Citric Acid Alleviated Salt Stress by Modulating Photosynthetic Pigments, Plant Water Status, Yield and Nutritional Quality of Black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]
(Agricultural Research Communication Center, 2024-08-09) Md. Aktaru Hossain; Mst. Smrity Khatun; Mottaleb Hosen; Zakariya Ibne Sayed; Md. Rafiqul Islam; Md. Kaium Chowdhury; Muhammad Aamir Iqbal; Ibrahim Al-Ashkar; Zeki Erden; Cagdas Can Toprak; Ayman El Sabagh; Mohammad Sohidul Islam
Background: Salt stress (SS) has seriously threatened the productivity of pulses including black gram in modern input-intensive farming systems which necessitates finding biologically viable, pro-farmer and environmentally friendly SS ameliorating strategies. Methods: An experiment was conducted to assess three levels of both SS (0, 50 and 100 mM NaCl) and citric acid (CA, 0, 50 and 100 mu M) applied as a foliar spray to ameliorate the deleterious effects of SS on black gram (cv. BARI Mash-3). The response variables included plant growth traits like plant height (PH), leaf number (BLPP) and root dry weight (RDW) along with chlorophyll contents (chl a, chl b and tchl), plant water status (relative water content RWC and water retention capacity WRC), grain yield (GY), stover yield (SY), biological yield (BY)) and harvest index (HI) along with nitrogen (N) and protein (P) content of black gram. Result: The results revealed that CA (100 mu M) remained unmatched by increasing PH (76.25%), NLPP (37.52%), RDW (83.67%), Chl a (17.80%), Chl b (11.59%), tChl (15.51%), RWC (9.81%) and WRC (26.64%) under highest level of induced SS. The same treatment also surpassed the rest of the doses in terms of grains number per pod (23.89%), 100 grains weight (59.74%), GY (82.86%), SY (59.66%), BY (64.94%) and HI. Moreover, CA accumulated N and P content (29.9%) in the grain under SS conditions. These results indicated that application CA alleviated the adverse effects of SS by triggering the growth, yield and nutritional quality which might be developed as a potent strategy to cope with the declining productivity of black gram in saline environment.
The impacts of climate change on habitat suitability of Prosopis farcta (Banks & Sol.) J.F.Macbr. in Türkiye
(Advances in Weed Science, 2024) Mesut Sırrı
Background: Climate change is one of the most important environmental factors mediating the changes in the species' distribution. Objective: Prosopis farcta is an important weed in agricultural areas of T & uuml;rkiye, which has increased its density in agricultural and nonagricultural areas. This study estimated the habitat suitability of P. farcta under current and future climatic conditions in T & uuml;rkiye. Methods: Habitat suitability of P. farcta was predicted by using 1169 occurrence records and 8 bioclimatic variables under SSP1-2.6 (mild climate change) and SSP8-5.8 (severe climate change) scenarios by using Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model. Results: According to the results; i) temperature was found to be the most important climatic variable for the distribution of P. farcta, ii) under the current climatic conditions, certain parts of the eastern, southern and western regions of T & uuml;rkiye were found to be potentially suitable and these areas correspond to approximately 40% of country's total land area. iii) According to the projections, suitable habitats will expand towards the interior and northern parts of T & uuml;rkiye in the future due to climate change. The model revealed that the total suitable area could increase by 22%, up to 62%. Therefore, the modeling results support the data obtained from the surveys. Conclusions: It is predicted that P. farcta may spread to different regions of T & uuml;rkiye and cause greater problems due to climate change. Monitoring the changes in P. farcta populations due to climate change and adjusting weed control methods applied may contribute to the development of more effective, climate resilient management strategies.
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Triple and Single-Capsule Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) Varieties and Their Antioxidant Enzyme Activities
(HARD Publishing Company, 2024-07-24) Aynur Bilmez Özçinar; Hüseyin Arslan; Behçet İnal
Sesame is a historic oilseed crop cultivated globally. The crop harbors natural antioxidants in plant tissues, including leaves, stems, and seeds. Understanding flower development mechanisms is crucial for higher yield and quality. However, the physiological and molecular aspects of three- and single-capsule flower development in sesame remain unexplored. This study investigated the transcriptome during sesame flower development, focusing on three-capsule (Arslanbey) and single- capsule (Hatipo & gbreve;lu) cultivars during 2017-2018. Physiological analyses (iron chelation, DPPH, FRAP) and qRT-PCR of APETALA1, APETALA2, SPL4, SOC1, AT4G37770, SILPT3, and beta-glucosidase genes were conducted. Metal-iron chelation, FRAP, and DPPH in leaf tissues indicated higher values in the single-capsule cultivar, while catalase and peroxidase activity were higher in the three-capsule cultivar. Expression analyses at different weeks post-flowering showed peak levels for AP1, AP2, SPL4, SILPT3, and beta-glucosidase at 8W-H (8th-Hatipo & gbreve;lu) in the single-capsule cultivar, and for SOC1 and AT4G37770 at 9W-H (9th-Hatipo & gbreve;lu). Capsule-related gene expression over 9 weeks revealed 8W-H (8th-Hatipo & gbreve;lu). As abundant for APETALA1, APETALA2, SPL4, SILPT3, and beta-glucosidase, while 9W-H (9th-Hatipo & gbreve;lu) was abundant for SOC1 and AT4G37770. In this study, which was carried out to examine the factors affecting the encapsulation status of single-capsule and three-capsule sesame varieties, evaluations were made based on the data obtained as a result of the observations and analysis. All analyses have shown that the single and triple encapsulation phenomena are quite complex and depend on multiple gene mechanisms and multiple biochemicals. In summary, our study unveils the intricate genetic and biochemical factors influencing capsule development in single-capsule and three-capsule sesame varieties. These findings offer valuable insights for future breeding strategies and molecular studies in sesame and related crops.
Is there a significant relationship between the empowering leadership behaviors of school principals and the psychological resilience of teachers? Understanding the moderating effects of gender and length of time spent with the school principal
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-01-08) Mehmet Sabir Çevik; Emine Doğan
The psychological resilience of teachers has gained significant attention due to its positive effects on schools and students. This cross-sectional quantitative study investigates the moderating roles of gender and the length of time spent with the school principal in the relationship between principals' empowering leadership behaviors and teachers' psychological resilience. Data were collected from 362 teachers working in public primary, secondary, and high schools in Siirt, T & uuml;rkiye. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and moderation analysis using the bootstrapping method were applied to analyze the data. The findings reveal that the empowering leadership behaviors of school principals positively correlate with teachers' psychological resilience, with variations based on gender and time spent with the principal. Specifically, the relationship is stronger for female teachers compared to male teachers and for those who have spent more time with the school principal. These results offer theoretical insights and practical recommendations for enhancing teacher resilience through leadership practices, highlighting the importance of understanding contextual and demographic factors.
High-Sensitive Cardiac Troponin I and Th1/Th2 Polarization in Queens With Pyometra.
(Veterinary Medicine and Science, 2025-01) Safak, Tarik; Saat, Nevzat; Yilmaz-Koc, Oznur; Turanli, Mert; Ayalp-Erkan, Aslıhan; Risvanli, Ali
To determine T helper (Th)1 and Th2 cytokine polarization, as well as high-sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) levels, in cats with pyometra.
The Effect of Cholesterol-Loaded Cyclodextrin and Resveratrol Compounds on Post-Thawing Quality of Ram Semen.
(Wiley, 2025-01) Ahmet, Eser; Ramazan, Arıcı; Selin, Yağcıoğlu; İzem, Sandal Asiye; Nur, Ersoy; Kamber, Demir; Mithat, Evecen; Kemal, Ak
Ram sperm are more vulnerable to freezing than those of most other farm animals. During sperm freezing, the cell membrane loses some of its cholesterol, which regulates signalling mechanisms and prevents premature capacitation. Resveratrol (RES) increases the fluidity of the cell membrane, which becomes peroxidized during freezing and reduces free radicals. In this study, the effectiveness of RES, cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC) and their combinations in ram sperm cryopreservation were investigated. The collected semen was divided into two equal volumes: One was diluted with tris-citric acid-glucose medium (TCG) containing CLC, whereas the other was diluted with a CLC-free TCG solution. After examining motility, both groups were further divided into two equal volumes, forming the following working groups: control (no RES, no CLC); RES (20 µg/mL); CLC (2 mg CLC/120 × 10 sperm); and RES + CLC (RES 20 µg/mL + 2 mg CLC/120 × 10 sperm). These groups were diluted with media containing their respective additives. Post-thawing, the samples were analysed for motility, acrosome and membrane integrity, membrane functionality, mitochondrial activity, capacitation status, oxidative stress and DNA integrity. CLC preserved sperm total motility, acrosome and plasma membrane integrity and decreased the rate of early capacitation (p < 0.05). RES had no significant effect on sperm quality before freezing and post-thawing (p > 0.05). However, RES + CLC increased mitochondrial activity post-thawing (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CLC minimized sperm membrane damage caused by cryopreservation in ram sperm. RES alone was ineffective, and the combination of RES and CLC did not yield a positive synergistic effect on ram spermatological parameters.
The Relationship of Th/Th Cytokine Polarization at Parturition in Cows and SOCS3 Level With Some Postpartum Diseases.
(2025-01) Yilmaz Koc, Oznur; Risvanli, Ali
Th/Th polarisation and suppressor of cytokine signalling-3 (SOCS3) are important indicators of the humoral and cellular immune system activity in cows. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of postpartum diseases with the levels of Th/Th polarisation and SOCS3 at the time of parturition. The study examined 180 cows (90 with normal parturition [NP] and 90 with dystocia [D]). Blood samples were taken from the cows once at the time of calving. Two subgroups were created among cows with NP: those without the postpartum disease (NP [-], n = 45) and those with postpartum disease (NP [+], n = 45). Likewise, two subgroups were created among D cows: those without postpartum disease (D [-], n = 45) and those with postpartum disease (D [+], n = 45). Cytokine analyses were performed using species-specific commercial ELISA kits. In the NP (-) group, it was found that Th/Th cytokine polarisation was in the Th direction due to the increase in the concentration of IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2 in four subgroups grouping with different types of parturition and diseases. It was concluded that it would be appropriate to strengthen cellular immunity. In cases of postpartum diseases, Th/Th polarisation shifted towards Th due to the increase in IL-4 and IL-5 concentrations in cows that performed NP and developed mastitis in the postpartum period. These results suggest that it would be beneficial to support the Th aspect (i.e. humoral immunity) in cows that have undergone NP and develop mastitis in the postpartum period.
Investigation of the presence of Chlamydia spp., Mycoplasma spp. and Moraxella ovis in infectious keratoconjunctivitis cases in sheep and goats in Siirt province and evaluation of clinical findings
(Polish Academy of Sciences Chancellery, 2024-06-12) A. Gulaydin; O. Gulaydin; M.B. Akgul; N. Sindak; O. Yildirim
Infectious keratoconjunctivitis is an infectious disease that negatively affects animal welfare causing systemic or local clinical signs in small ruminants and causes significant economic losses in herds. It is important to determine the etiologic agent causing the infection in the development of the protection and control strategies against the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of infectious keratoconjunctivitis cases in small ruminants raised in Siirt province in Türkiye. Infectious keratoconjunctivitis was graded according to the symptoms determined by clinical examination. The presence of Chlamydia spp., Mycoplasma spp. and Moraxella ovis was investigated by PCR in swab samples obtained from the animals with keratoconjunctivitis. Infectious keratoconjunctivitis was detected in 263 (19.86%) of 1324 animals examined in the study. Of the animals with infectious keratoconjunctivitis, 163 (61.97%) were sheep and 100 (38.02%) were goats. The detection rate of infectious keratoconjunctivitis was higher in sheep than goats. In 56 (21.29%), 109 (41.44%), 67 (25.47%), and 31 (11.78%) of the cases, findings of stage 1, 2, 3, and 4 infectious keratoconjunctivitis were detected, respectively. Of the eye swab samples taken from 263 animals with infectious keratoconjunctivitis, 5 (1.90%) were positive for Mycoplasma spp. and 6 (2.28%) were positive for M. ovis. It was determined that the distribution of the bacterial agents varied according to the stage of infectious keratoconjunctivitis. No statistically significant correlation was found in the distribution of bacterial agents among identified samples according to species, sex, age, and infectious keratoconjunctivitis stage of the animals. It was thought that the data obtained in the study would contribute to the studies for protection and control by determining the incidence and aetiology of infectious keratoconjunctivitis cases observed in small ruminants. © 2024 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.en), which allows re-users to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form and for noncommercial purposes, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.
The validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the Ethical Awareness Scale
(Informa UK Limited, 2024-12-28) Gülcan Eyüboğlu; Nevin Doğan; Arnel Böke Kiliçli; Zehra Göçmen Baykara; Aimee Milliken
The heightened focus on patient safety and the quality of nursing care in intensive care units underscores the necessity for reliable tools to evaluate nurses’ ethical awareness. This study was aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Ethical Awareness Scale in a sample of intensive care nurses. Data were collected from 249 intensive care nurses in Türkiye using the Turkish version of the 18-item Ethical Awareness Scale. The data were then analyzed using Rasch analysis. The Turkish version of the Ethical Awareness Scale demonstrated unidimensionality and an acceptable fit for the Rasch model. The person reliability and item reliability were 0.63 and 0.92, respectively. The Turkish version of the Ethical Awareness Scale was found to be a psychometrically valid and reliable instrument for measuring the ethical awareness levels of intensive care nurses.
Evaluation of β-hydroxybutyrate, calcium, and non-esterified fatty acids at day one postpartum in predicting the risk of diseases in dairy cows
(University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 2024) Tarik Safak; Efe Durukan; Oznur Yilmaz-Koc; Ali Risvanli; Berrak Isik Soyturk; Metin Bayraktar
In this study, the usability of calving type, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and calcium (Ca) concentrations in predicting postpartum diseases was examined. For this purpose, 120 Holstein cows were used in the study. These cows were divided into two subgroups according to the calving type: unassisted parturition (eutocic, n = 58) and assisted parturition (dystocia, n = 62). Cows were followed for 15 days postpartum. Diseases of retained foetal membranes (RFM), metritis, and clinical mastitis that developed in the postpartum period were recorded. Then, NEFA, BHB, and Ca concentrations were measured in blood samples collected at parturition from cows with RFM (n = 19), metritis (n = 34), clinical mastitis (n = 20) and cows that did not develop the disease (n = 47). Our results show the decreased Ca concentration to be positively associated with the risk of mastitis (P < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] 4.599), metritis (P = 0.008, OR 4.286), and RFM (P < 0.001, OR 5.016); and increased BHB concentration to be positively associated with the risk of metritis (P = 0.002, OR 4.069) and RFM (P < 0.001, OR 9.498). The results of the study indicated that low Ca and high BHB concentration at parturition could negatively affect the productive efficiency of dairy cows.

Güncel Gönderiler