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Öğe Bioactive Apigenin‐7‐O‐β‐Glucoside and Rosmarinic Acid Molecules From Two Nepeta Species: Bioactivity‐Guided Isolation, In Vitro Evaluations, Pharmacokinetic and In Silico Approaches as Metabolic Enzyme Inhibition Agents(Wiley, 2025-04-27) Mesut Gok; Yunus Basar; Semiha Yenigun; Yasar Ipek; Lutfi Behcet; Tevfik Ozen; Ibrahim DemirtasIntroduction: In this study, apigenin-7-O-β-glucoside (AGL) was isolated from Nepeta nuda; also, rosmarinic acid (RA) was isolated from N. aristata and N. nuda. Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the enzyme inhibitory, DNA protective, and antibacterial effects of AGL and RA isolated from two Nepeta species. Material and methods: 1D and 2D NMR spectra and an MS chromatogram were recorded to identify AGL and RA. The antibacterial and DNA protection activities, enzyme inhibition, and kinetics investigated of AGL and RA. Molecular interactions, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) calculations, density functional theory (DFT), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analyses, and prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) predictions for RA and AGL were investigated for the first time to evaluate the activity results. Results: In this context, the inhibitory properties of AGL were higher in urease, α-amylase, and tyrosinase, whereas RA has a higher inhibitory activity on lipase, CA, and urease. In addition, AGL and RA showed effective antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, while it also was effective DNA and deoxyribose protective activities. The stability of the complex formed by lipase, CA, and urease with RA and by tyrosinase and α-amylase with AGL was determined by MD simulations, and the energy results of RA were evaluated by MM-PBSA analysis. The DFT, MEP analysis, and PASS prediction showed that AGL and RA have a soft structure and can easily exchange electrons. Conclusion: According to the results obtained from the current study, AGL and RA were explored as a drug model.Öğe Comparison of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activities and Phenolic, Fatty Acid, Element, and Vitamin Levels of Four Mushroom Species(Wiley, 2025-04) Suat Ekin; Mahire Bayramoglu Akkoyun; Ahmet Bakir; Mustafa Emre Akcay; Emre Can EkinThe purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant properties and the composition of phenolic compounds, trace elements, vitamins, and fatty acids in the edible mushrooms Helvella leucopus, Tricholoma terreum, Lepista nuda, and Marasmius oreades, as well as their inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase. Elemental analyses were conducted using ICP-OES. Phenolic compounds and vitamins were performed by HPLC, while identification of fatty acids was performed by GC-MS. HPLC analysis revealed the phenolic compounds in H. leucopus, T. terreum, L. nuda, and M. oreades, with gallic acid being the main compound identified, with levels of 133.04, 246.49, 408.64, and 129.302 μg/g dry weight, respectively. For vitamins, α-tocopherol is the most primary vitamin found with values of 0.6009, 0.79, and 0.3581 μmol/kg dw. GC-MS analysis determined that the fatty acids with linoleic acid are the major fatty acids identified, with percentages of 30.82%, 19.92%, 30.38%, and 20.86%. ICP-OES measurement indicated that trace elements with iron as the dominant trace element were observed, with concentrations of 0.248, 0.237, 0.449, and 0.1998 mmol/kg dw. The XO inhibitory activities of four mushrooms were assayed, with the IC50 values of 39.97, 20.71, 11.71, and 23.85 μg/mL, respectively. L. nuda and T. terreum may be effective for hyperuricemia and gout, which is associated with the results of phenolic compounds, some vitamins, trace elements, and linoleic acid contents on the inhibitory activities against xanthine oxidase. The results of medicinal mushrooms have shown that they could potentially be useful as inhibitors for the prevention of XO-related diseases induced by ROS.Öğe Subclinical Pregnancy Toxemia Affects Blood Parameters of Ewes and Impairs Postnatal Growth and Development of Lambs(Wiley, 2025-04-22) Ali Osman Turgut; Mürsel Küçük; Mehmet Irmak; Cahit Özcan; Davut Koca; Erman Gülendağ; Muhammed Furkan Önen; Rahmi Doğan; Ali Ünver; İbrahim Halil KeskinPregnancy toxemia (PT) is a common metabolic disorder that occurs in the last trimester of pregnancy. This study aimed to detect the effects of subclinical PT (SPT) on serum biochemical parameters of ewes and postnatal growth and development of lambs in Romanov sheep. A total of 40 ewes and 69 lambs were included in the study. Blood samples of ewes were collected at the time of parturition to evaluate serum beta-hydroxybutyric acid (βHBA), serum nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA), cholesterol, and triglyceride. Live weight and body measurements of lambs were recorded at birth (0th day), 30th day, and 60th (weaning) day. In the diagnosis of SPT serum βHBA concentrations were taken into account. A cut-off value of 0.8 mmol/L for βHBA was a critical concentration and ewes with 0.8-1.6 mmol/L βHBA were evaluated as SPT. There were no ewes with ΒHBA value higher than 1.6 mmol/L (clinical PT) in the study. There was no significant difference in serum βHBA, NEFA and cholesterol concentrations between ewes regarding birth type (single, twin, and triplet). However, triglyceride concentrations were higher (p < 0.001) in ewes giving birth to triplets compared to ewes giving birth to single lamb. Serum βHBA and triglyceride concentrations were higher (p < 0.01) in ewes with SPT (n = 14) compared to healthy ewes (n = 26). There was no significant difference between ewes with SPT and healthy ewes in serum NEFA and cholesterol. Repeated measures ANOVA results indicated that SPT negatively affected 0th, 30th, and 60th body weights of twin (p < 0.01) and triplet born lambs (p < 0.05). The effect of time on body weights was also found to be significant (p < 0.001). Similarly, most of the body measurements of twin and triplet born lambs were lower (p < 0.05) in the SPT group compared to healthy group. Overall results indicate that SPT may negatively affect postnatal growth and development in Romanov lambs. Because a decline in growth performance has many negative outcomes affecting production traits in sheep, these findings may be valuable for the veterinary field.Öğe Coherent manipulation of Goos–Hänchen shifts by forward and backward currents of complex conductivity in chiral medium(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-17) Zia Ul Haq; Iftikhar Ahmad; Bakht Amin Bacha; Ali Akgül; Murad Khan HassaniThe birefringence of reflection and transmission as well as their corresponding Goos-Hänchen shifts are investigated with complex conductivity in a four level chiral atomic medium. The left circularly polarized (LCP) beam and right circularly polarized (RCP) beam obey the normalization condition ∣ ∣ R ( R , L ) | + | T ( R , L ) | = 1 with forward and backward currents as well as coupled driving fields parameters at the interface of a lossy chiral medium of ∣ ∣ A ( R , L ) | ≃ 0 and polystyrene. For the birefringent transmission, the positive GH-shifts are reported while for the birefringent reflection, the negative GH-shifts are measured. The maximum GH-shift in reflections of RCP and LCP beams is measured to S ( R , L ) r = − 10 λ and that in the transmission is measured to S ( R , L ) t = 10 λ with forward and backward currents of complex conductivity. Furthermore, maximum values of GH-shifts in reflection and transmission of LCP beams are calculated to ± 40 λ and RCP beams are calculated to ± 10 λ with control field Rabi frequency and backward current variation. The results indicate possible uses in the designing of optical and conductive sensors.Öğe Discovery of host genetic factors through multi-locus GWAS against toxoplasmosis in sheep: addressing one health perspectives(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-12) Yalçın Yaman; Veysel Bay; Yiğit Emir KişiToxoplasma gondii stands as one of the most successful pathogens, capable of infecting nearly all warm-blooded species. It is estimated that up to 50% of human population might harbor Toxoplasmosis infections. One of the primary transmission routes is the consumption of tissue cysts from infected farm animals used for food production. Thus, controlling Toxoplasmosis in farm animals is of vital importance for human health and food safety. Selective breeding in farm animals, where available, could complement classical control measures like biosecurity measures, vaccination, and test-and-cull methods. This multidisciplinary approach will make the eradication of Toxoplasmosis more effective. For this purpose, we conducted four multi-locus genome-wide association (GWA) approaches to identify the polygenic factors underlying innate resistance to Toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected sheep. Our findings indicate that 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), exhibiting varying degrees of statistical power, play a significant role in host immunity against T. gondii infection. We propose the genes containing these SNPs or located within 100 ± Kb of them (PLSCR5, EPHA3, DGKB, IL12B, CGA, WDR64, TMEM158, CLMP, and SIAE) as potential candidate genes. This study represents the first exploration of host genetic factors against Toxoplasmosis in livestock, utilizing the ovine paradigm as its foundation.Öğe The effects of progressive muscle relaxation exercises on premenstrual syndrome symptoms and violence tendencies in women: a randomized controlled trial(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-12) Sabri Toğluk; Sidar GülBackground: Although violence is reported in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), preventive interventions are among the essential responsibilities of nurses. This study aimed to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercises (PMRE) given to women with PMS on PMS symptoms and violent tendencies. Methods: The study was conducted experimentally with a pre-test/post-test control group between January and August 2024 in a province located in the southeastern Anatolia region of our country. The study included 106 participants, 53 experimental and 53 control, who had PMS. Participants were provided with a PMRE application for eight weeks. Data were collected through the 'Personal Information Form, PMS Scale and Violence Tendency Scale (VTS).' Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, independent samples t-test and one-way multivariate analysis of variance. Results: Participants in the intervention group had significantly lower mean scores on the post-test PMS scale and the VTS than participants in the control group (p < 0.05). The difference between the PMS scale's pre-test and post-test mean scores was statistically significantly lower in the experimental group (P < 0.001). The difference between the groups was statistically significant in terms of the combined dependent variables, including the pre-test and post-test change in the mean scores of the PMS scale and the VTS (F(2,103) = 158.77, P < 0.001; V = 0.245; ηp2 = 0.755). This difference explained 75.5% of the variance in the dependent variable. Conclusion: PMRE administration has a high level of efficacy in reducing PMS and violence tendencies.Öğe Evaluation of salivary BDNF levels in gingivitis and periodontitis: a preliminary research(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-10) Veysel Tahiroglu; Emrah Yerlikaya; Revsa Evin Canpolat Erkan; Hasan Karagecili; Azat Sagin; Nushet SaginBackground: Oral health is closely related to physical health, life comfort, and functional needs. Gingivitis is a condition that means hardening of the gum tissue, prone to redness, swelling, or bleeding due to different reasons. Periodontitis damages the soft tissue around the teeth. It is a serious gum infection that destroys the bone that supports a person's teeth, if left untreated. BDNF is a member of the neurotrophin family, playing roles in the survival, growth, and function of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system. This study aims to determine and compare salivary BDNF levels in individuals with periodontal disease and healthy controls, and to assess its relationship with clinical periodontal parameters. Methods: After the participants were informed and their consent was obtained, unstimulated saliva samples were taken. In our study, experimental and control groups were formed with 30 people in each group. BDNF level was measured in the saliva samples taken. Results: We found no statistically significant difference in age and gender between the healthy group, gingivitis group, and periodontitis group. There was a significant difference in the PI, GI, PPD, CAL, and BOP values in all three groups. No statistically significant difference was found when salivary BDNF levels of the groups included in the study were compared. Conclusions: Demographic and clinical findings recorded in this study support that the amount of BDNF partially affects periodontal health parameters and neurological diseases.Öğe Preserving Quality and Extending Shelf Life of Climacteric Persimmon Fruits Using Melatonin and Modified Atmosphere Packaging(Wiley, 2025-04) Emine Kucuker; Muttalip Gundogdu; Emrah Güler; Ahmet Sumbul; Onur Tekin; Bulent HallacQuality and product losses during the postharvest storage of climacteric persimmon fruits pose significant challenges due to their short shelf life and limited marketing period. This study examined the effects of melatonin (1 mM) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on preserving the quality, biochemical properties, and organic acid contents of persimmons, as well as extending their shelf life during storage at 0°C ± 0.5°C. The MAP resulted in the lowest weight loss, recording only 6.63%. The combination of melatonin and MAP provided the highest fruit firmness at 8.69 kg/cm2, along with a total antioxidant level of 12.40 μmol TE 100 g-1. Additionally, this treatment improved total phenolic content and most individual organic acids, except for fumaric acid, which was highest in the MAP treatment. The organic acid contents of the fruits varied during storage, depending on the specific acid. Malic acid was the predominant organic acid and was consistently better preserved by the treatments compared to the control. It is important to note that the reduction in malic acid was approximately 1.5 times less in the treated fruits than in the controls, while the decline of other organic acids was 3-4 times greater. In conclusion, both MAP and the combination of melatonin and MAP were effective methods for preserving the quality attributes and extending the shelf life of persimmon fruits.Öğe Boron Prevents Oral Acrylamide Damage in Bone Marrow and Hematologic Parameters of Wistar Rats(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-07) Faysal Selimoğlu; Mustafa Cengiz; Canan Vejselova Sezer; Adnan Ayhanci; Fatma Gür; Özge Yıldırım; Bahri Gür; Ahmet MusmulThe purpose of this study is to measure the effects of acrylamide (AA) on bone marrow and blood and the protective efficacy of boric acid (B) in rats. The animals were divided into five groups: control, B, low-dose B + AA, and high-dose B + AA. After the 15 th day of the experiment, their blood and bone marrow were harvested to be kept for hematological analyses. While white blood cells (WBC) increased following the administration of AA, bodyweight, red blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and bone marrow nucleated cell counts significantly decreased in number. Conversely, bodyweight and all these hematological parameters significantly increased apart from WBC in the B + AA groups AA when compared to the control. However, high-dose B was more effective than low-dose B in preventing AA-induced bone marrow and hematological damage. The present study suggests that B treatment could help protect bone marrow and hematological parameters against AA-induced toxicity.Öğe Cyber victimization and subjective well-being: protective roles of self-esteem and social support among Turkish gifted youths(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-05) Ergün Kara; Halil AslanBackground: Cyber victimization has emerged as a significant issue among adolescents, particularly gifted youths. This study examines the serial mediating roles of self-esteem and social support in the relationship between cyber victimization and subjective well-being. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was utilized. Participants included 250 gifted Turkish adolescents who completed measures of cyber victimization, self-esteem, social support, and subjective well-being. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test the proposed relationships. Results: Findings revealed significant indirect effects of cyber victimization on subjective well-being through self-esteem and social support. Higher levels of self-esteem predicted greater perceived social support, which subsequently contributed to improved subjective well-being. Conclusions: Self-esteem and social support are critical protective factors mitigating the negative effects of cyber victimization on the subjective well-being of gifted youth. The study underscores the importance of interventions targeting these factors to enhance the well-being of cyberbullying victims.Öğe Resilience and coping with earthquake stress: The roles of anxiety, stress, and depression as serial mediators(SAGE Publications, 2025-03-29) Yahya Aktu; Abdulkadir InakAlthough a crucial relationship has been described between resilience and coping with earthquake stress (CES), little is known about the effects of anxiety, and stress, and depression have on this association. This study aims to investigate the indirect effects of anxiety, stress, and depression on the association between resilience and CES among adults who survived the Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquakes. The participants of the study included 415 adults (28.9% male, 71.1% female, Mage = 27.06) who were affected by the earthquakes. We used the Pearson correlation method to examine the associations among variables, and utilized Hayes' bootstrapping for the serial mediation analyses. The results indicate an increase in resilience after the earthquake disaster to also increase CES, with anxiety and stress affecting the resilience-CES relationship through depression. The results highlight the significance of resilience, anxiety, stress, and depression in elevating CES levels among adult earthquake survivors.Öğe Reliable numerical scheme for coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation under the influence of the multiplicative time noise(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-03-28) Muhammad Zafarullah Baber; Nauman Ahmed; Muhammad Waqas Yasin; Muhammad Sajid Iqbal; Ali Akgül; Murad Khan Hassani; Muhammad JawazIn this study, we consider the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation under the influence of the multiplicative time noise. The coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which shows the complex envelope amplitudes of the two modulated weakly resonant waves in two polarisations and is used to describe the pulse propagation in high birefringence fibre, has several uses in optical fibres.query:Journal instruction requires a city for affiliations; however, these are missing in affiliation [6]. Please verify if the provided city are correct and amend if necessary. The underlying model is analyzed numerically and analytically as well. For the computational results, the proposed stochastic backward Euler scheme is developed and its consistency is derived in the mean square sense. For the linear stability analysis, Von-Neumann criteria is used, given proposed stochastic scheme is unconditionally stable. The exact optical soliton solutions are constructed with the help of the [Formula: see text]-model expansion technique, which provided us with the Jacobi elliptic function solutions that will explore optical solitons and solitary waves as well. The initial and boundary conditions are constructed for the numerical result by some optical soliton solutions. The 3D, 2D and corresponding contour plot are drawn for the different values of noise. Mainly, the comparison of results is shown graphically in 3D and line plots for some newly constructed solutions by selecting suitable parameters value.Öğe Exploring the polygenic landscape of wool traits in Turkish Merinos through multi-locus GWAS approaches: middle Anatolian Merino(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-03-27) Yalçın Yaman; A. Taner Önaldi; Şükrü Doğan; Mesut Kirbaş; Sedat Behrem; Yavuz KalThis study investigates the genetic underpinnings of wool traits, specifically fibre diameter (FD) and staple length (SL), in Middle Anatolian Merino sheep using multi-locus genome-wide association study (GWAS) approaches. Representing the first attempt to examine these polygenic traits with multi-locus methods, the analysis employed four techniques: mrMLM, FASTmrMLM, FASTmrEMMA, and ISIS EM-BLASSO. A total of 18 Quantitative Trait Nucleotides (QTNs) were identified for FD, with 7 co-detected by multiple methods, and 14 QTNs were identified for SL, with 5 co-detected by multiple methods. Post-hoc power analysis revealed high statistical power for both traits (FD: 0.95, SL: 0.91). Notably, three candidate genes-PTPN3, TCF4, and ZBTB8A-were found to be consistent with prior studies. Gene enrichment and pathway analyses reaffirmed the complex and multifactorial molecular mechanisms governing wool traits. These findings enhance our understanding of the polygenic nature of wool traits, shedding light on the intricate genetic regulation and pinpointing genomic regions potentially influencing wool physiology. By identifying specific QTNs associated with FD and SL, this research provides a foundation for elucidating the genetic mechanisms underlying these economically significant traits. Upon validation in diverse populations, these findings hold substantial promise for the application of marker-assisted selection (MAS) to improve wool traits.Öğe The effect of spacer layer thickness on the exchange bias between NiFe and polycrystalline IrMn: experiment and micromagnetic simulations(IOP Publishing, 2025-03-19) Bayram Kocaman; Manoel José Mendes Pires; Ozhan OzatayBy inserting a non-magnetic Cu layer between permalloy (NiFe) and polycrystalline iridium manganese (IrMn) thin films with (111) and a mixture of (002) textures, the dependence of exchange bias, coercive field and magnetic reversal mechanism on the spacer layer thickness has been investigated both experimentally and by micromagnetic simulation technique in the temperature range of 10-300 K. Magnetic force microscopy measurements display a surface magnetic domain structure with random orientations in (002) texture regions and uniform orientations in (111) textured regions consistent with the polycrystalline structure of IrMn. Magnetization measurements reveal that the exchange bias, coercive fields, switching field values exhibit an exponential decline with increasing thickness of the Cu spacer layer. Suggesting that the observed decrease is solely attributable to the weakening of the interaction between Py and IrMn rather than any proximity effects due to the presence of a Cu spacer. Additionally, the magnetic coupling strength between Py and IrMn along the Cu spacer layer is temperature dependent such that at 100 K the exchange bias exhibits long-range characteristics, while above this temperature it displays short-range characteristics. The decay of exchange bias with increasing the spacer layer thickness was modelled to determine the temperature dependence of the characteristic decay length. Finally, detailed micromagnetic simulations were able to reproduce the low temperature experimental hysteresis curves in agreement with phenomenological models using coherent rotation of magnetization.Öğe Clinical and microbiological evaluation of foot diseases in small ruminants in Siirt province (Türkiye) and its districts(Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2025-02-26) A Gulaydin; O Gulaydin; M Yesilyurt; N Sindak; MB Akgul; O YildrimFoot diseases are one of the leading health problems that lead to significant yield losses in small ruminant breeding. This study aimed to clinically evaluate foot diseases in sheep and goats reared in Siirt province of Türkiye and its surrounding districts. Molecular methods were used to investigate the presence of Dichelobacter nodosus serogroups and Treponema spp. phylogroups in cases with identified lesions. Clinical examination of 4 111 sheep and goats identified foot diseases in 402 animals, affecting a total of 410 feet. Contagious ovine digital dermatitis (CODD) and digital dermatitis (DD) cases were identified in 66.82% and 26.82% of diseased feet, respectively. Footrot lesions were found in 4.87% of the feet in which the disease was identified. D. nodosus was detected in 66.23% of swab samples collected from 77 CODD cases, whereas Treponema spp. was identified in 2.59% of the samples. Among DD cases (n = 110), D. nodosus was found in 35.45% and Treponema spp. in 17.27% (Group 1 = 1.81%, Group 2 = 15.45%). The majority of D. nodosus strains identified in the cases (n = 90) were classified as serogroup A (37.77%) and serogroup D (60.00%). This study revealed that CODD is a major problem in small ruminant breeding in the Siirt province and its districts. It was determined that D. nodosus serogroup A, D and Treponema spp. Group 2 strains played an important role in the aetiology of foot diseases in sheep and goats. This study represents the first comprehensive investigation of foot diseases in sheep and goats in the Siirt province and marks a significant milestone as the first study in Türkiye to identify and analyse the aetiology causes of CODD in the literature.Öğe Edible Films Based on Plant and Animal Origin Proteins: Comparison of Some Mechanical and Physicochemical Characteristics(Wiley, 2025-03) Gülistan Okutan; Güneş Koç; Ümran Cansu; Gökhan BoranEdible films were manufactured from three different proteins to evaluate their mechanical strength and some physicochemical features. Wheat gluten (WG), cow hide gelatin (CHG), and cow milk casein (CMC) were used at three different concentrations (5%, 6%, and 7% w/v for WG or 2%, 3%, and 4% w/v for both CHG and CMC) for the film samples. Water activity of the film samples varied within a rather narrow gap, which was between 0.26 and 0.36, with the highest values for WG films and the lowest for CMC. WG and CMC gave basic films while CHG resulted in acidic films with a pH value between 5.6 and 5.7. CHG films showed the highest conductivity while pH and conductivity increased as CHG concentration increased. WG resulted in opaque and dark colored films while CHG and CMC led to almost transparent and light colored films. Water vapor permeability of CMC films was slightly higher compared to CHG and WG counterparts with values around 2.0 × 10-14 g m/s Pa m2. In addition, tensile strength of CHG films was significantly higher than CMC and WG counterparts with values over 25 N/mm2 and more flexible with higher values of Young's modulus and elongation at break. It is concluded that CHG may be utilized by the food industry to manufacture edible films with superior mechanical features along with ease of dissolving and transparent visual characteristics, while WG and CMC might be preferred for more rigid, opaque, and dark colored films as needed.Öğe The role of athletic mental energy in the occurrence of flow state in male football (soccer) players(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-03-18) Yunus Emre Yarayan; Alexios Batrakoulis; Nuri Berk Güngör; Serkan Kurtipek; Kadir Keskin; Okan Burçak Çelik; Doğukan Batur Alp Gülşen; Gerasimos V. Grivas; Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna; Nouf H. Alkhamees; Bodor Bin Sheeha; Abdullah F. AlghannamBackground: This study examines the determinant role of athletic mental energy on the flow state in professional football (soccer) players. This research fills an important gap in the sports psychology literature by focusing on the interaction between mental energy and flow, a critical component of optimal performance. Methods: Accordingly, 254 male athletes (Mean age = 23.1 ± 5.4 years) voluntarily participated in the study. This study was designed with the relational survey model, one of the quantitative research models. Athletic Mental Energy Scale and Dispositional Flow State Scale-2 were used as data collection tools. After confirming the validity and reliability of the scales, the data were analyzed. In this study, blank data were first evaluated to check the suitability of the analysis and assumptions. After the structure of the scales was verified, firstly, when the skewness kurtosis values for the normality test were examined, it was deter-mined that the data were suitable for normal distribution as the values were between - 1.5 and + 1.5 and the Q-Q graph did not show deviations from the distribution. In this context, Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to determine the relationship between athletic mental energy and flow state, and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was used to determine the determinant role of mental energy. Mental energy significantly predicted the flow state (β = 0.81, p < 0.05), and the SEM results indicated a good model fit (χ²/df = 2.96, RMSEA = 0.08, GFI = 0.89, CFI = 0.90). Results: When the findings obtained from the research were analyzed, it was determined that athletic mental energy was a determinant of flow and contributed to 66% of the variance. Conclusion: As a result, it supports that athletes' mental energy levels play an important role in their performance and contribute to the increase of optimal performance mood. These findings suggest that coaches and sports psychologists should focus on strategies to enhance athletes' mental energy levels, such as incorporating mental skills training into their routines. The study emphasizes the importance of athletes' ability to manage their mental energy levels and the development of strategies to increase optimal performance mood. By providing evidence for the link between mental energy and flow, this study contributes to advancing the understanding of performance optimization in professional sports.Öğe Effectiveness and Acceptability of a Sexual Health Education Program for Muslim Countries: An Intervention Study(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-03-17) Özlem Karatana; Abdullah Beyhan; Ayşe ErgünIn Muslim societies, issues related to sexual and reproductive health are rarely discussed and considered sensitive subjects. This study was conducted to assess the acceptability and effectiveness of a sexual health education program in Turkey, a Muslim country. The study was conducted using a one-group quasi-experimental design. The sexual health education program consisted of five sessions of sexual health education, pre-test, post-test, first follow-up (30 days after) and second follow-up (60 days after). The sample of the study consisted of 207 female and 79 male first year Muslim university students. At the end of the program, 96.5% of the Muslim university students stated that they liked the education, 96.2% found the education useful, 86.0% found the online education convenient, and 96.9% would use the information they learned. Muslim university students, in general, found the feasibility of the education to be highly favorable. It was determined that the post-test score of sexual health knowledge was higher than the pre-test score (p < 0.05). The program in this study was found to be adopted by Muslim university students and it is thought to be valuable in societies with similar religious beliefs and views.Öğe Evaluation of Subclinical Left Ventricular Dysfunction in HIV Patients Receiving Abacavir, Dolutegravir, and Lamivudine Therapy with Novel Tissue Doppler Imaging Techniques(MDPI AG, 2025-02-25) Dogac Oksen; Muzaffer Aslan; Ebru Serin; Muhammed Heja Gecit; Yunus Emre Yavuz; Esra Yerlikaya Zerdali; Veysel OktayBackground/Objectives: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) effectively suppresses viral load and aids immunological recovery in HIV patients, but may still lead to subclinical myocardial dysfunction. This study assesses left and right ventricular functions in patients on HAART containing abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine using Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI). Methods: This observational cross-sectional study involved 118 HIV-positive adults on HAART and 80 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Comprehensive echocardiographic assessments, including TDI, were conducted to evaluate myocardial performance index (MPI) and isovolumic acceleration (IVA). Results: Conventional echocardiographic parameters showed no significant differences; however, TDI indicated significant impairments in ventricular functions in the HAART group, with increased MPI and decreased IVA (p < 0.001). Pulmonary artery pressures were also higher in the HIV group (p = 0.012). There was a strong positive correlation between MPI and HAART duration (r = 0.675, p = 0.002), and a negative correlation with CD4 count (r = −0.545, p = 0.006). Conclusions: TDI reveals significant subclinical ventricular dysfunction in HIV patients on HAART, correlating with therapy duration and immune status. These findings underscore the utility of TDI in detecting myocardial deterioration before clinical symptoms appear.Öğe Treatment of nonunion cases with linear external fixation in cats: 10 cases (2022–2023)(American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), 2025-03-01) Ali GülaydinObjective This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiologic findings in the treatment of live oligotrophic and pseudoarthrosis nonunions in cats using a linear external fixator. Methods The study included 10 cats of various breeds, ages, and sexes that had previously undergone osteosynthesis at another clinic but did not achieve successful results. These cats were diagnosed with nonunion based on clinical and radiographic examinations conducted at the Clinic of the Surgery Department, Siirt University Animal Health Practice and Research Hospital between 2022 and 2023. All included cats presented with clinical and radiographic signs of nonunion fractures. The fractures were categorized as oligotrophic or pseudoarthrosis types of nonunion, requiring further surgical intervention. Results All 10 cats recovered successfully without severe complications. Bone healing was completed within an average of 57.8 days, ranging from 47 to 71 days. Conclusions This study highlights the effectiveness of linear external fixation in treating nonunion fractures in cats. The method demonstrated a high success rate, with all cases recovering fully. Clinical Relevance Tailoring the treatment to the animal’s size, fracture location, and nonunion classification makes this approach a valuable clinical tool for veterinarians managing such cases.
