PubMed İndeksli Yayın Koleksiyonu
Bu koleksiyon için kalıcı URI
Güncel Gönderiler
Öğe The Negative Effects of Subclinical Pregnancy Toxaemia on Fetal Skeletal Muscle Development and Evaluation of the Protective Effects of Dietary l‐Carnitine Supplementation in Sheep(Wiley, 2025-06) Ali Osman Turgut; Banu Kandil; Ebru Karakaya Bilen; Davut Koca; Ali Ünver; Fatma İşbilir; Özgür Özöner; Rahmi Doğan; Muhammed Furkan Önen; Mehmet Eroğlu; Sait Şendağ; Axel WehrendThis study evaluated the effects of subclinical pregnancy toxaemia (SPT) on fetal skeletal muscle development and assessed the potential protective role of L-carnitine supplementation during gestation. A total of 18 crossbred Hamdani ewes underwent oestrous synchronisation, natural mating and pregnancy confirmation via ultrasonography on day 45 post-mating. The ewes were managed according to NRC (2007) dietary guidelines until day 100 of gestation, after which they were assigned to three experimental groups: subclinical PT group (group 1; G1, n = 6), treatment group (subclinical PT + L-carnitine, group 2; G2, n = 6) and control group (group 3; G3, n = 6). Blood β-hydroxybutyrate (βHBA) concentrations were measured on day 100 and 138 of the gestation. Then, all ewes were slaughtered for fetal muscle sampling from the Musculus Longissimus Dorsi (MLD) and Vastus Lateralis (VL). Results indicated a significant reduction in muscle fibre number and fibre diameter in both MLD and VL in the SPT group (G1) compared to the control (G3) (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between G1 and G2 or between G2 and G3 for these parameters (p > 0.05). On the other hand, large effect sizes for group and pairwise comparisons imply that SPT may negatively affect prenatal muscle development and L-carnitine supports muscle development during the prepartum period. These findings highlight the negative effects of SPT and protective effects of L-carnitine supplementation on fetal skeletal muscle development in ewes with SPT. The observed deficits may negatively impact postnatal growth, survival rates and meat quality. Further investigations are warranted to optimise maternal nutrition strategies and evaluate therapeutic interventions aimed at mitigating the adverse impacts of SPT on fetal muscle development in ruminants. Furthermore, L-carnitine supplementation may be a useful in compensating for the negative effects of SPT.Öğe Impact of life kinetik training on balance, agility, jumping, proprioception, and cognitive function in preadolescent recreational fencing athletes: a randomized controlled trial(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-06-07) Yunus Emre Yarayan; Kadir Keskin; Okan Burçak Çelik; Betül Canbolat Güder; Serkan Kurtipek; Mehdi Aslan; Tarkan Söğüt; Tebessüm Ayyildiz Durhan; Nouf H. Alkhamees; Bodor Bin Sheeha; Abdullah F. Alghannam; Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna; Gerasimos V. Grivas; Alexios BatrakoulisBackground: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of Life Kinetik (LK) exercises on balance, agility, jumping performance, proprioception, and cognitive functions in recreationally active preadolescents participating in fencing. Methods: The study lasted 8 weeks and included 22 preadolescents recreationally engaged in fencing, aged 11.6 ± 1.2 years, with an average weight of 49.5 ± 10.5 kg and an average height of 157.5 ± 10.0 cm. Preadolescents were randomly assigned to either the LK group or the control group. The experimental group participated in LK exercises twice per week, with each session lasting one hour. Results: The results indicate that the changes in Stroop, agility, vertical jump, and proprioception test performance between the pre-test and post-test for the control group are not statistically significant. However, the LK group showed statistically significant improvements in Stroop, agility, and vertical jump performance between the pre-test and post-test (p < 0.001). Conversely, the change in proprioception test performance between the pre-test and post-test for the LK training group was not statistically significant. The changes in star balance test performance between the pre-test and post-test for the control group was not statistically significant. In contrast, the LK group showed a statistically significant improvement in star balance test performance between the pre-test and post-test (p < 0.001). Conclusions: These findings indicate that while LK exercises are effective in boosting overall athletic performance, they may not be sufficient for developing specific skills such as proprioception.Öğe Serological diagnosis and post-treatment monitoring of Echinococcus granulosus in experimentally infected dogs using crude and recombinant fibronectin antigens(Elsevier BV, 2025-07) Figen Celik; Muhammed Ahmed Selcuk; Muhammet Uslug; Sami SimsekEchinococcus granulosus is a zoonotic helminth responsible for cystic echinococcosis, a significant public health concern. The diagnosis of E. granulosus infections in definitive hosts, such as dogs, is challenging due to the absence of clinical signs. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of crude (EgSCA) and recombinant (rEgFN162) antigens for the detection of E. granulosus infection in dogs using ELISA and Western blot assays. Additionally, it sought to identify the most suitable antigen and method for population-based screening and post-treatment monitoring. Adult E. granulosus parasites were collected from experimentally infected dogs using arecoline hydrobromide purgation. Soluble crude antigen (EgSCA) was prepared through freeze-thaw cycles, sonication, and filtration, while recombinant fibronectin protein (rEgFN162) was obtained via gene cloning, expression, and purification in E. coli. The antigenic properties of EgSCA and rEgFN162 were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. ELISA assays were performed to assess IgG and IgM responses in experimentally infected and treated dogs. Based on IgG ELISA results, EgSCA showed a sensitivity of 96.66 % and specificity of 66.66 %, while rEgFN162 demonstrated a sensitivity of 76.66 % and specificity of 46.66 %. In Western blot analysis, EgSCA achieved a sensitivity of 90 % and specificity of 83.33 %, whereas rEgFN162 showed 66.66 % sensitivity and 73.33 % specificity. The recombinant antigen showed a higher ability to differentiate E. granulosus infections from other helminth infections. The findings suggest that rEgFN162 is a promising candidate for the serodiagnosis of E. granulosus in dogs, with potential applications in epidemiological studies and post-treatment follow-up. Further validation with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm its diagnostic accuracy in natural infections.Öğe The effect of social support perceived by parents of child burn victims on their care burden and anxiety(Elsevier BV, 2025-08) Mehmet Emin Düken; Ayşe Arıcıoğlu Sülün; Emriye Hilal Yayan; Mürşide Zengi̇n; Tekcan Sevgi̇Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of perceived social support on the caregiving burden and anxiety of parents of children with burn injuries. Material and methods: This is a correlational descriptive study. The study was conducted with parents of 52 children who were admitted and treated in a paediatric burn clinic at a university hospital between January and December, 2019. The Zarit Care Burden Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the State Anxiety Scale were used in the study. Path analysis was performed with observed variables, and structural equation model (SEM) was constructed using Amos programme. Results: The mean age of the parents was 30.94 ± 7.33 years. In the study, the cause of burns in 55.8 % of the children was contact with flame (oil, thinner, and gas) and it was found that 82.7 % of the children had third degree burns and 65.4 % had second degree burns. A positive significant correlation was found between anxiety and caregiving burden, but a negative correlation was found between anxiety and parental social support. Conclusions: The study found that the level of anxiety and caregiving burden of parents of children with burns increased as their social support decreased. In line with the results of our study, it is seen that health professionals (doctors, nurses, psychologists, social workers) working in paediatrics can involve parents in care interventions by assessing their social support, caregiving burden, and anxiety. Practice implications: It has been observed that the care burden and anxiety levels of burned children increase as the social support they receive from their parents decreases. Healthcare professionals (doctors, nurses, psychologists, social workers) working in this clinic should provide social, emotional, and psychological support to parents and share the burden of care. It has been shown that as social support increases, caregiving and anxiety levels can improve significantly.Öğe The effect of behavioural changes via text messaging on weight loss in women with overweight and obesity.(2025-06-03) Duman, Emre; Tunçer, Esra; Şahin-Bodur, Gülsüm; Yılmaz, Selen; Keser, AlevThis study examined the effectiveness of short message service (SMS)-based behavioral modifications combined with nutritional education on weight loss among women with overweight and obesity. Participants were divided into a control group receiving only nutritional education and an intervention group receiving both nutritional education and daily SMS reminders for 90 days. Data collection included demographic details, health status, anthropometric measurements, and responses to the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN), the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (MEDAS), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Surveys and measurements were conducted at the start, after four weeks, and at twelve weeks. The final analysis involved 62 women, with a median age of 43 years. The intervention group had 29 participants, while the control group had 33. Results showed a significant reduction in body weight and BMI from baseline to 12 weeks. However, no significant differences in weight loss were observed between the groups. Changes in MEDAS scores varied, with an initial increase in the intervention group and a decrease in the control group. By week 12, MEDAS scores were similar in both groups. Although group differences were not statistically significant, the study highlights the potential of SMS as a motivational tool for healthy eating behaviors.Öğe Isolation and molecular identification of canine bufavirus: a novel enteric pathogen of dogs(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-06-02) Gulizar Acar; Hayrunnisa Bostan Yoru; Erdal Polat; Ahsen Nisa Aslan; Hakan Aydin; Mehmet Ozkan TimurkanCanine bufavirus (CBuV) was initially detected in dogs with respiratory symptoms and later identified in fecal samples, suggesting that it could be an enteric pathogen. Several studies have shown that CBuV can be present in both healthy and diarrheic dogs, raising questions about whether CBuV is a primary enteric pathogen. In this study, we identified, isolated, and characterized CBuV from swab samples from dogs. A total of 119 samples from diarrheic dogs were analyzed by PCR, targeting a portion of the VP2 gene of CBuV. CBuV was detected in five dogs (4.2%). For virus isolation, CBuV-positive samples were inoculated onto an MDCK cell culture, and CPE was observed for one sample, which was tested for CBuV as well as other frequently detected enteric pathogens (canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus type 2, and canine coronavirus), but CBuV was the only virus detected. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the CBuV isolates from this study are closely related to strains from China and India. The detection of CBuV in this study suggests that it might play a distinct role in canine diarrhea. Further studies are needed to investigate its genetic characteristics, epidemiology, and biological significance.Öğe Role of HMGB1 on the onset of preeclampsia(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-05-29) Mehmet Yılmaz; Fikri Erdemci; Fırat Aşır; Fatih Taş; Tuğcan Korak; Ayşegül Aşır; Nizamettin Bozbay; İbrahim BatmazBackground: The molecular mechanisms differentiating early-onset preeclampsia (EO-PE) from late-onset preeclampsia (LO-PE) remain unclear. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in immune responses and oxidative stress, has emerged as a potential contributor to PE pathogenesis. Our aim was to investigate expression of HMGB1 in the placentas of EO- and LO-PE patients by immunohistochemical methods and in silico analysis. Methods: This experimental case-control study included 20 EO-PE, 20 LO-PE, and 20 normotensive control pregnant women. Placental samples underwent immunohistochemical staining to determine HMGB1 expression levels, which were analyzed semiquantitatively using ImageJ software. Bioinformatic analysis utilizing STRING and Cytoscape identified HMGB1-associated protein networks and pathways relevant to PE. Clinical and biochemical parameters were statistically analyzed. Results: HMGB1 expression was significantly elevated in placentas from EO-PE patients compared to both LO-PE and control groups (p < 0.05). Histopathological assessment indicated severe structural disruptions in EO-PE placentas, including increased fibrin deposition, vascular degeneration, and higher incidence of apoptotic cells. Bioinformatics revealed significant interactions of HMGB1 with cytokine signaling pathways (IL-4, IL-13, IL-10) and platelet-related pathways (platelet activation and aggregation). Clinically, EO-PE patients exhibited higher systemic inflammatory markers (CRP, WBC, NLR) and greater biochemical evidence of multi-organ dysfunction. Conclusions: This study identifies significantly increased HMGB1 placental expression predominantly in EO-PE, supporting its role in heightened inflammation and endothelial dysfunction characteristic of this subgroup, suggesting its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target specifically for EO-PE.Öğe Family stress and resilience to earthquake-related economic hardship in Turkish families with preschool children.(American Psychological Association (APA), 2025-05-29) Jan Höltge; Nilüfer Kuru; Michael UngarLife-threatening earthquakes can lead to immediate and prolonged economic hardship that challenges the lives of the survivors. We know little about (a) how these economic risks impact families with preschool children, that is, the health of parents, the behavior of their children, and their relationships, and (b) the necessary family resources that support them. We utilized the Family Stress Model and multisystemic resilience theory to examine the effects of economic hardship on families with preschoolers who recently experienced an earthquake, focusing on ways to enhance their resilience. This study used an exploratory, data-driven statistical approach to analyze cross-sectional data from 377 families (children's age range = 4-6) that experienced the Kahramanmara & scedil; earthquake in T & uuml;rkiye in February 2024. Economic risk showed a direct relationship with problematic child behavior, which was associated with parental depression and the child-parent relationship, which provides additional perspectives on the Family Stress Model. Higher levels of economic hardship were associated with significantly lower levels of most family resources, with meaning making following adversity acting as a mediator for these effects. A combination of family communication, problem solving, and social and economic resources was identified as important for all family members, while lower levels of family spirituality were additionally important for children's resilience. Because most family resources were directly associated with parental depression, interventions should prioritize supporting parents so they can, in turn, better care for their young children. Future research utilizing the Family Stress Model should examine potential bidirectional effects between parental health and child behavior, particularly in disaster contexts.Öğe Predicting Weaning Weight of Romanov Lambs From Biometric Measurements Before Weaning Age Using Machine Learning Algorithms(Wiley, 2025-05-28) Mehmet Eroğlu; Ali Osman Turgut; Mürsel Küçük; Muhammed Furkan ÖnenBackgroundMachine learning systems learn from historical data to forecast future outcomes. In the context of livestock farming, machine learning can be utilized to predict variables such as growth rates, milk production and breeding success by analysing data related to animal health, nutrition and environmental conditions.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the performance of different machine learning algorithms in predicting weaning weight based on biometric measurements of Romanov lambs at 30 days of age.MethodsThe biometric traits of the lambs, including body length (BL), chest circumference (CC), chest depth (CD), chest width (CH), withers height (WH), rump height (RH), rump width (RW) and sex were used to construct predictive models. The study employed random forest (RF), classification and regression trees (CART), gradient boosting (GB), eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and CatBoost algorithms. The data was standardized to eliminate scale differences and divided into training (80%) and test (20%) sets. GridSearchCV was utilized for hyperparameter optimization. The performance of the models was evaluated using various goodness-of-fit metrics, including RMSE, MAE, R2, MAPE, RAE, MAD and SD ratio.ResultsThe gradient boosting and XGBoost models performed the highest R2 values and the lowest RMSE, MAE and MAPE values in the test data. In contrast, the random forest and CatBoost models showed lower predictive performance, with higher errors in the test data.ConclusionThe study suggests that machine learning algorithms, particularly gradient boosting and XGBoost, show promising potential in predicting the weaning weight of lambs. These insights may facilitate more informed decision-making in animal breeding and selection, potentially contributing to enhanced livestock management practices.Öğe Comparative analysis of microscopic and molecular methods for the diagnosis and post-treatment monitoring of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto in experimentally infected dogs: Initial findings from digital PCR(Elsevier BV, 2025-07) Muhammed Ahmed Selcuk; Figen Celik; Sami SimsekCystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, is a significant zoonotic disease with profound public health and economic impacts. This study evaluated egg detection methods, molecular diagnostics, and post-treatment shedding dynamics in experimentally infected dogs. Three three-month-old male dogs were included in the study. Two experimental dogs (ED-1, ED-2) were orally infected with 20,000 E. granulosus protoscoleces, while one served as a control (CD). Stool samples were collected daily over 50 days post-infection and 30 days post-treatment. Detection of E. granulosus eggs was performed using the fülleborn and sieving flotation methods. Genomic DNA was extracted, and molecular analysis was conducted via conventional PCR, Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), and digital PCR (dPCR). Egg detection in stool samples began on days 44-46 post-infection using flotation methods, while PCR detected parasite DNA as early as day 20. Both qPCR and dPCR consistently detected parasite DNA from day 1 to day 50 post-infection, with increased sensitivity observed after day 23. Treatment eliminated viable egg shedding within 2-4 days and post-treatment monitoring revealed intermittent detection up to day 30, with dPCR identifying copy numbers even when qPCR Ct values were undetectable. These findings highlight the superior sensitivity of molecular methods in early detection and their persistence in identifying DNA beyond egg-shedding periods. This raises important questions about interpreting molecular positivity in the prepatent phase and its implications for surveillance and diagnostics.Öğe Early detection of ventricular dysfunction in LADA using novel tissue Doppler parameters: A case-control study(SAGE Publications, 2025-05) Dogac Oksen; Muzaffer Aslan; Yunus Emre Yavuz; Cagdas Kaynak; Esra Erturk TekinIntroduction & ObjectiveLatent autoimmune diabetes mellitus (LADA), a heterogeneous disease, is much more common in society than thought. Although it has been claimed that LADA is similar to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from a cardiovascular perspective, there is no clear consensus. In this context, the objective of this study is to assess subclinical dysfunction in the left and right ventricles in patients with LADA using novel tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) parameters.Materials &MethodsThe sample of this observational case-control study consisted of 57 consecutive patients aged between 30 and 70 years who applied to the endocrinology and metabolism outpatient clinics, were diagnosed with LADA, and were referred to the cardiology clinic for echocardiographic (ECHO) evaluation. The control group consisted of 60 healthy volunteers. Participants' demographic and clinical characteristics and laboratory findings were recorded. All participants underwent ECHO using conventional ECHO and TDI. Subclinical left ventricular dysfunction was assessed using the myocardial performance index (MPI) and isovolumic myocardial acceleration (IVA).ResultsThere were no significant differences between the patient and control groups in terms of conventional ECHO parameters. The left ventricular (LV) MPI was significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (0.54 ± 0.11 vs 0.47 ± 0.07, p = 0.008). There was no significant difference between the groups in right ventricular (RV) MPI (0.49 ± 0.10 vs 0.46 ± 0.70, p = 0.217). IVA was decreased in both ventricles (IVA mitral: 3.03 ± 1.44 vs 3.78 ± 1.66, p = 0.008 and IVA tricuspid: 2.67 ± 0.88 vs 3.42 ± 0.97, p = 0.034). Both LV IVA and RV IVA were found to be significantly correlated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies' (GADA) levels in the negative direction (R = -0.290, p = 0.005 and R = -0.340, p = 0.001).ConclusionsIt was observed that LADA negatively affected the systolic and diastolic functions of both ventricles, with its effect being more pronounced in the left ventricle. Glycemic control and autoantibody titers were found to be correlated with TDI parameters, emphasizing their relevance in assessing cardiac dysfunction.Öğe Analytic solutions of the time-fractional Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli equation via novel transformation technique(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-05-20) Bushra Yasmeen; Khalil Ahmad; Ali Akgül; Qasem Al-MdallalThis paper presents new analytical solutions for the time-fractional Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli (BLMP) equation, a crucial model for physical phenomena. Our approach yields novel wave solutions, whose propagation and dynamics are examined for diverse parameter values. The obtained solutions contain rational and natural logarithm functions. The graphical representations of the attained solutions are represented by plotted graphs with suitable parameters. The plotted graphs show different solitons and nonlinear wave solutions. The examination of these solutions involves a comprehensive analysis of their propagation and dynamics through analytic techniques. Our results with existing literature and found that our approach yields more accurate and efficient solutions. The novelty of these solutions is essential for understanding nonlinear behavior and natural phenomena. By developing analytical methods for nonlinear equations, this work advances our knowledge of complex systems. The results provide valuable insights into the equation’s behavior, shedding light on the underlying physical mechanisms. This research contributes to the development of analytical methods for nonlinear equations, fostering future research in the field. The findings are relevant to various areas of physics, including wave dynamics and nonlinear systems.Öğe The acute effects of simulated hypoxic training at different altitudes on oxidative stress and muscle damage in elite long-distance runners(PeerJ, 2025-05-12) Mücahit Sarikaya; Beyza Öğe; Nuri Mert Embiyaoğlu; Muzaffer Selçuk; Vedat Çınar; Salih Öner; Yıldırım Gökhan Gencer; Mehdi Aslan; Mustafa Sencer Ulema; Yunus Emre Yarayan; Kadir Keskin; Nouf H. Alkhamees; Bodor Bin Sheeha; Gerasimos V. Grivas; Sameer Badri AL-Mhanna; Alexios BatrakoulisBackground: Understanding the impact of altitude on muscle damage and oxidative stress is essential for optimizing training and recovery strategies for athletes exposed to high-altitude conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of acute exercise at different altitudes on oxidative stress and muscle damage. Methods: A total of twelve elite long-distance runners (mean age: 20.3 ± 1.5 years) from different branches participated in the study. The exercise protocol was the Bruce submaximal treadmill exercise test, which was conducted under three simulated hypoxic conditions (at 1,700 m, 2,450 m, and 3,200 m) and one normoxic condition (sea level). All measurements took place at the same time of the day. After the exercise protocol, 5 ml venous blood samples were taken from the participants, while heart rate and oxygen saturation were monitored at the 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th minutes during the exercise. Results: Significant altitude-dependent variations were observed in oxidative stress markers, with total oxidant status (TOS) (p = 0.017) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.001) levels increasing at higher altitudes, while total antioxidant status (TAS) (p < 0.001) exhibited an elevation and oxidative stress index (OSI) (p < 0.001) demonstrated a decline as altitude increased. However, no significant difference was found in creatine kinase (CK, p = 0.059) levels. Additionally, there were significant differences in the oxygen saturation measurement taken at the 3rd (p < 0.001), 6th (p < 0.001), 9th (p < 0.001), and 12th (p < 0.001), minutes following the exercise session. There was no difference in the pulse measurement taken at the 3rd and 12th minutes, but a difference was observed at the 6th and 9th minutes post-exercise (p < 0.01). Conclusions: In conclusion, the study determined that endurance exercises performed under simulated normobaric hypoxia at different altitudes increased TAS and reduced OSI in elite long-distance runners. The increase in TAS and the reduction in OSI were more pronounced at higher altitudes, particularly at 2,450 m and 3,200 m, compared to sea level. These findings highlight the need for altitude-specific training and recovery strategies to minimize oxidative stress and muscle damage in athletes.Öğe Impact of different exercise modalities on neuroendocrine well-being markers among university students: a study of renalase and catecholamine responses(Frontiers Media SA, 2025-05-01) Vedat Çınar; Mehmet Fırat Bağ; Mehdi Aslan; Fidan Çınar; Alessandro Gennaro; Taner Akbulut; Gian Mario MigliaccioCatecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine) and renalase are among the key biomolecules that regulate stress responses during exercise and support physiological adaptation. However, the effects of different exercise types on these biomolecules remain unclear. This study aims to compare the effects of aerobic, anaerobic, and strength exercises on epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and renalase levels. Materials and methods: This study was conducted using a pre-test post-test controlled experimental research design. A total of 80 healthy male participants aged 18-22 years were included and randomly assigned into four groups: control (C), aerobic exercise (A), anaerobic exercise (An), and strength training (Sa). The exercise groups followed specific training protocols for 8 weeks, 3 days per week, at the same time of the day under standardized environmental conditions. Venous blood samples were taken before and after the exercise program, and epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and renalase levels were analyzed using the ELISA method. Results: Significant increases in epinephrine, dopamine, and renalase levels were observed depending on the exercise type (p < 0.01), while norepinephrine levels showed a significant decrease only in the aerobic exercise group (p < 0.05). Epinephrine levels increased in the aerobic (36.96%), anaerobic (35.42%), and strength training (27.45%) groups, while norepinephrine levels decreased only in the aerobic exercise group (6.38%). Dopamine levels increased in all exercise groups, with the highest change observed in the anaerobic exercise group (38.34%). Renalase levels increased in all exercise groups (p < 0.01), with the highest increase recorded in the anaerobic exercise group (29.42%). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that different exercise modalities induce specific neuroendocrine responses. All exercise types led to significant increases in epinephrine, dopamine, and renalase levels, with the most pronounced effects observed in the anaerobic exercise group. Strength training also produced similarly robust responses. Norepinephrine levels showed a significant decrease only in the aerobic exercise group, while non-significant reductions were observed in the other exercise groups. These findings indicate that exercise type distinctly modulates hormonal and enzymatic pathways involved in physiological adaptation.Öğe The Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Based Psychoeducation on Anger Control and Cognitive Flexibility in İndividuals Convicted of Homicide(SAGE Publications, 2025-05-08) Sabri Toğluk; Funda Kavak BudakThis study aims to determine the effect of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)-based psychoeducation on anger control and cognitive flexibility in individuals convicted of homicide. The study was completed with 47 individuals convicted of murder (23 control, 24 experimental) in the form of pretest-posttest control group experimental design. The experimental group received eight sessions of psychoeducation, while the control group received no intervention. The data was collected using the personal information form, controlled anger scale (CAS), and cognitive flexibility inventory (CFI). The data was analyzed by number, percentage distribution, and paired samples t-tests. After CBT-based psychoeducation, anger control and cognitive flexibility scores of the individuals in the experimental group increased compared to the individuals in the control group. In addition, it was determined that the difference between the pre-test and post-test total mean scores of CAS and CFI of the individuals in the experimental group was statistically significant (p < .05). In addition, it was determined that CBT-based psychoeducation had a "large" effect size of CAS (2.01) and CFI (1.06).Öğe Characteristic of the excretory system in Cassida palaestina Reiche, 1858 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae)(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-05-06) Mesut Sırrı; Damla Amutkan MutluThe Malpighian tubules are well-known and studied as the principal excretory organs in most insects. They play a key role in the production of primary urine and osmoregulation. It works with the rectum while regulating the water and salt balance in the body. The distal ends of the tubules are found in contact with the wall of the rectum in insects that feed on dry substances or live in a nearly dry environment and therefore, need to retain water: that is an arrangement known as a cryptonephric system. In this study, Cassida palaestina Reiche, 1858 is a beetle species belonging to the order Coleoptera was used as material, and the morphological features of the Malpighian tubules of this species were examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The four cryptonephric Malpighian tubules of C. palaestina are found at the junction of the midgut and hindgut. The apical surface of tubule cells is surrounded by numerous microvilli. The cytoplasm of tubule cells fills with granules of many different sizes. Here, we reported our observations on the cryptonephridial complex in C. palaestina, and this study is almost the first study to examine the structure of the excretory system of the genus Cassida. Insights into the structure of the cryptonephridial complex of this species are compared with the well-studied cryptonephridial complexes of Cucujiformia. The findings were found to be quite similar to those of other species studied in the literature (with the structure of the Malpighian tubules of insects within the same order and from different orders). These data are the basis for future morphological studies. At the same time, the presence or absence of the cryptonephridial complex among species in the Cucujiformia infraorder, which C. palaestina is a part of, helps to understand the phylogenetic relationship.Öğe Molecular detection, epidemiology and phylogenetic evaluation of Babesia ovis in apparently healthy goats(Elsevier BV, 2025-08) Asia Taqddus; Muhammad Naeem; Hira Muqaddas; Ceylan Ceylan; Onur Ceylan; Ferda Sevinc; Maryam Rahravani; Meysam Moravedji; Alireza Sazmand; Furhan IqbalBabesia (B.) ovis is an intra-erythrocytic protozoan parasite that infects small ruminants globally, causing economic losses. This study aimed to investigate the molecular prevalence of B. ovis in 1200 asymptomatic goats of various breeds across four districts in Punjab, Pakistan: Layyah, Lohdran, Dera Ghazi Khan, and Rajanpur. The enrolled goats represented ten breeds, including Daira Din Pannah (n = 890), Pahari goat (n = 68), Nukri (n = 44), Teddy (n = 37), Lail Puri (n = 36), Beetal (n = 36), Dessi (n = 32), Makhi Cheena (n = 27), Muhammad Puri (n = 19) and Fazil Puri (n = 11). The hematological and biochemical profiles of the goats, risk factors associated with the infection, and the phylogenetic relationship of the detected isolates were also evaluated. In total, 105 blood samples (9.6 %) tested positive by PCR. Sanger sequencing of a partial fragment of the 18S rRNA gene confirmed B. ovis. Phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rRNA gene sequences revealed 99-100 % similarity with isolates previously reported from Iran, Iraq, Turkey, and Spain. The infection rate varied across districts, with the highest prevalence observed in goats from Rajanpur (13 %), followed by Dera Ghazi Khan (11 %), Layyah (7 %), and Lohdran (5 %) (P = 0.003). The susceptibility to infection varied among goat breeds, with Lail Puri breed showing the highest susceptibility (P = 0.03). Risk factor analysis revealed that goats under one year of age and those kept on farms where other animals and dogs were also present had higher B. ovis infection rates. Babesia ovis-infected goats showed reductions in white and red blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, and alterations in serum aspartate aminotransferase and creatinine levels. This study provides updated data on the prevalence of B. ovis in local Pakistani goat populations, emphasizing the need for integrated control strategies against this tick-borne pathogen.Öğe Bioactive Apigenin-7-O-β-Glucoside and Rosmarinic Acid Molecules From Two Nepeta Species: Bioactivity-Guided Isolation, In Vitro Evaluations, Pharmacokinetic and In Silico Approaches as Metabolic Enzyme Inhibition Agents(Wiley, 2025-04-27) Mesut Gok; Yunus Basar; Semiha Yenigun; Yasar Ipek; Lutfi Behcet; Tevfik Ozen; Ibrahim DemirtasIntroduction: In this study, apigenin-7-O-β-glucoside (AGL) was isolated from Nepeta nuda; also, rosmarinic acid (RA) was isolated from N. aristata and N. nuda. Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the enzyme inhibitory, DNA protective, and antibacterial effects of AGL and RA isolated from two Nepeta species. Material and methods: 1D and 2D NMR spectra and an MS chromatogram were recorded to identify AGL and RA. The antibacterial and DNA protection activities, enzyme inhibition, and kinetics investigated of AGL and RA. Molecular interactions, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) calculations, density functional theory (DFT), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analyses, and prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) predictions for RA and AGL were investigated for the first time to evaluate the activity results. Results: In this context, the inhibitory properties of AGL were higher in urease, α-amylase, and tyrosinase, whereas RA has a higher inhibitory activity on lipase, CA, and urease. In addition, AGL and RA showed effective antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, while it also was effective DNA and deoxyribose protective activities. The stability of the complex formed by lipase, CA, and urease with RA and by tyrosinase and α-amylase with AGL was determined by MD simulations, and the energy results of RA were evaluated by MM-PBSA analysis. The DFT, MEP analysis, and PASS prediction showed that AGL and RA have a soft structure and can easily exchange electrons. Conclusion: According to the results obtained from the current study, AGL and RA were explored as a drug model.Öğe Comparison of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activities and Phenolic, Fatty Acid, Element, and Vitamin Levels of Four Mushroom Species(Wiley, 2025-04) Suat Ekin; Mahire Bayramoglu Akkoyun; Ahmet Bakir; Mustafa Emre Akcay; Emre Can EkinThe purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant properties and the composition of phenolic compounds, trace elements, vitamins, and fatty acids in the edible mushrooms Helvella leucopus, Tricholoma terreum, Lepista nuda, and Marasmius oreades, as well as their inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase. Elemental analyses were conducted using ICP-OES. Phenolic compounds and vitamins were performed by HPLC, while identification of fatty acids was performed by GC-MS. HPLC analysis revealed the phenolic compounds in H. leucopus, T. terreum, L. nuda, and M. oreades, with gallic acid being the main compound identified, with levels of 133.04, 246.49, 408.64, and 129.302 μg/g dry weight, respectively. For vitamins, α-tocopherol is the most primary vitamin found with values of 0.6009, 0.79, and 0.3581 μmol/kg dw. GC-MS analysis determined that the fatty acids with linoleic acid are the major fatty acids identified, with percentages of 30.82%, 19.92%, 30.38%, and 20.86%. ICP-OES measurement indicated that trace elements with iron as the dominant trace element were observed, with concentrations of 0.248, 0.237, 0.449, and 0.1998 mmol/kg dw. The XO inhibitory activities of four mushrooms were assayed, with the IC50 values of 39.97, 20.71, 11.71, and 23.85 μg/mL, respectively. L. nuda and T. terreum may be effective for hyperuricemia and gout, which is associated with the results of phenolic compounds, some vitamins, trace elements, and linoleic acid contents on the inhibitory activities against xanthine oxidase. The results of medicinal mushrooms have shown that they could potentially be useful as inhibitors for the prevention of XO-related diseases induced by ROS.Öğe Subclinical Pregnancy Toxemia Affects Blood Parameters of Ewes and Impairs Postnatal Growth and Development of Lambs(Wiley, 2025-04-22) Ali Osman Turgut; Mürsel Küçük; Mehmet Irmak; Cahit Özcan; Davut Koca; Erman Gülendağ; Muhammed Furkan Önen; Rahmi Doğan; Ali Ünver; İbrahim Halil KeskinPregnancy toxemia (PT) is a common metabolic disorder that occurs in the last trimester of pregnancy. This study aimed to detect the effects of subclinical PT (SPT) on serum biochemical parameters of ewes and postnatal growth and development of lambs in Romanov sheep. A total of 40 ewes and 69 lambs were included in the study. Blood samples of ewes were collected at the time of parturition to evaluate serum beta-hydroxybutyric acid (βHBA), serum nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA), cholesterol, and triglyceride. Live weight and body measurements of lambs were recorded at birth (0th day), 30th day, and 60th (weaning) day. In the diagnosis of SPT serum βHBA concentrations were taken into account. A cut-off value of 0.8 mmol/L for βHBA was a critical concentration and ewes with 0.8-1.6 mmol/L βHBA were evaluated as SPT. There were no ewes with ΒHBA value higher than 1.6 mmol/L (clinical PT) in the study. There was no significant difference in serum βHBA, NEFA and cholesterol concentrations between ewes regarding birth type (single, twin, and triplet). However, triglyceride concentrations were higher (p < 0.001) in ewes giving birth to triplets compared to ewes giving birth to single lamb. Serum βHBA and triglyceride concentrations were higher (p < 0.01) in ewes with SPT (n = 14) compared to healthy ewes (n = 26). There was no significant difference between ewes with SPT and healthy ewes in serum NEFA and cholesterol. Repeated measures ANOVA results indicated that SPT negatively affected 0th, 30th, and 60th body weights of twin (p < 0.01) and triplet born lambs (p < 0.05). The effect of time on body weights was also found to be significant (p < 0.001). Similarly, most of the body measurements of twin and triplet born lambs were lower (p < 0.05) in the SPT group compared to healthy group. Overall results indicate that SPT may negatively affect postnatal growth and development in Romanov lambs. Because a decline in growth performance has many negative outcomes affecting production traits in sheep, these findings may be valuable for the veterinary field.
