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Öğe Immunohistochemical Distribution of Heat Shock Proteins 27, 60, 70 and 90 in the Placenta of Goats in the Second and Third Trimester of Pregnancy(Wiley, 2025-02-27) Banu KandilDetermining the immunoexpression of HSPs in the placenta may contribute to the understanding of pregnancy physiology and immunotolerance mechanisms. This study aimed to determine the distribution of HSP27, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 in the placenta of goats. Tissue samples were taken from the placentomal and interplacentomal regions of the pregnant uterus of 12 goats, comprising 6 s and 6 third trimesters. Following routine histological procedures, immunohistochemical staining was performed on tissue sections. In the interplacentomal region, HSP27, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 in luminal and glandular epithelial, stromal and smooth muscle cells did not show differences between the second and third trimesters (p > 0.05). In the placentomal region, HSP27 and HSP60 in syncytial plaques and HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in maternal stromal cells did not change as the pregnancy progressed (p > 0.05). There was no difference in HSP27, HSP60 and HSP90 in fetal stromal cells between the second and third trimesters (p > 0.05). HSP27 and HSP90 were positive in both trophoblast cells, HSP60 was positive in binucleate trophoblast cells, and HSP70 was positive in mononucleate trophoblast cells. In the third trimester compared with the second trimester, HSP27 was decreased (p < 0.05), while HSP90 in mononucleate and binucleate trophoblast cells did not show a difference (p > 0.05). HSP70 did not change in mononucleate trophoblast cells (p > 0.05), but HSP60 was increased in binucleate trophoblast cells (p < 0.05) as the pregnancy progressed. In conclusion, this study showed that HSPs had similar immunoexpression patterns in the interplacentomal region but different immunoexpression patterns in the placentomal region of the goat placentaÖğe Dynamical Behaviors of a Fractional-Order Predator-Prey Model: Insights Into Multiple Predators Competing for a Single Prey(World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd, 2025-02-17) HASAN S. PANIGORO; EMLI RAHMI; EBENEZER BONYAH; ALI AKGÜL; SAYOOJ ABY JOSEIn this paper, we investigate the dynamical behaviors of a modified Bazykin-type two predator-one prey model involving the intra-specific and inter-specific competition among predators. A Caputo fractional-order derivative is utilized to include the influence of the memory on the constructed mathematical model. The mathematical validity is ensured by showing the model always has a unique, non-negative and bounded solution. Four kinds of equilibria are well identified which represent the condition when all populations are extinct, both two predators are extinct, only the first predator is extinct, only the second predator is extinct, and all populations are extinct. The Matignon condition is given to identify the dynamics around equilibrium points. The Lyapunov direct method, the Lyapunov function, and the generalized LaSalle invariant principle are also provided to show the global stability condition of the model. To explore the dynamics of the model more deeply, we utilize the predictor–corrector numerical scheme. Numerically, we find the forward bifurcation and the bistability conditions by showing the bifurcation diagram, phase portraits, and the time series. The biological interpretation of the analytical and numerical results is described explicitly when an interesting phenomenon occurs.Öğe Evaluation of Attitudes and Knowledge Levels of Olive Producers in the Application of Agricultural Pharmaceuticals (Mardin Province)(Tekirdag Ziraat Fakultesi Dergisi, 2025-01-29) Mehmet KaplanOlives are one of the essential nutrients in human nutrition and health, thanks to the vitamins they contain. There are many diseases, pests and weed species in olive gardens that cause a loss of productivity and quality of this important nutrient. Producers use different methods in plant protection practices to combat these existing pests. This study was conducted to determine the awareness levels of olive producers about plant protection practices in Derik district of Mardin province, where olive production was intense in 2020. For this purpose, the information collected through a 20-question survey method conducted face to face with a total of 90 producers in 15 villages through simple random sampling was evaluated on a percentage basis. According to the results of the current study, it was determined that the olive farmers had high education levels, and the majority of them had other non-agricultural incomes besides agriculture. Those engaged in olive cultivation consult plant protection dealerships and the provincial/district Directorate of Agriculture and Forestry in choosing plant protection products and adjusting their dosage. They stated that the brand and active ingredients are important features in the selection of chemical pesticides, and while they apply pesticides in advance for precautionary purposes without seeing the pests and diseases, they do not use the same pesticides against the same diseases and pests every year and apply the recommended dosage. Producers pay attention to the waiting time between the last spraying and harvest time due to the fact that chemical pesticides leave residues on the products, and they take protective measures for their own health during chemical pesticide application. In order to solve the plant protection problems faced by farmers in the agricultural field, cultural measures are generally applied along with chemical control. However, it is inevitable that chemicals will create many negative situations for human and environmental health over time. For this reason, it is important to carry out an effective, economical and environmentally friendly struggle using appropriate methods in plant protection practices in order to avoid being exposed to undesirable side effects.Öğe Interpretable Artificial Intelligence for Analysing Changes in Gases in the Uterine Environment of Cows According to Physiological Structures in the Ovary(Wiley, 2025-02-19) Ali Risvanli; Burak Tanyeri; Güngör Yildirim; Yetkin Tatar; Mehmet Gedikpinar; Hakan Kalender; Tarik Safak; Burak Yuksel; Burcu Karagulle; Oznur Yilmaz Koç; Cebrail Barut; Mehmet Akif KilincThe objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between the gases in a cow's uterine environment and its ovarian physiological structures using the sunflower optimisation algorithm (SFOA) deployed in a device called Metrisör, developed by our project team. A total of 500 uteruses obtained from slaughtered cows served as the experimental sample. Gas measurements were taken from 489 uteruses with no clinical metritis or microbiological growth. Additionally, the diameters of the corpus luteum and follicles in the ovaries were measured using callipers. These results were then analysed based on the presence or absence of a corpus luteum (CL) and follicles larger or smaller than 1.5 cm. According to uterine gas fluctuations, the presence and absence of CL could be detected at rates of 80.60% and 79.60%, respectively. Also, based on uterine gas changes, the presence of ovarian follicles larger than 1.5 cm was determined 82% of the time, and the presence of follicles smaller than 1.5 cm was determined 80% of the time. In conclusion, it was found that different stages of a cow's sexual cycle might involve changes in uterine gases. Thus, the data from this study may enable the development of a new estrus detection method for cows.Öğe Phytochemical profiling, molecular docking and ADMET prediction of essential oil of Ocimum basilicum(2025-02-20) Başar, Yunus; Gök, Mesut; Erenler, Ramazan; Demirtaş, İbrahimEssential oils are widely used in pharmacology, cosmetics, and food industries, and they also have biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic, and antimicrobial. Ocimum basilicum (basil) plant has a rich content of essential oils. Hence, the stem, leaf, and flower parts of the O. basilicum were analyzed freshly on the RSH/GC-MS device to determine the essential oil content. As a result of the analysis, α-elemene, linalool, and eucalyptol were detected as the main components. It was observed that the highest linalool content was in the flower part at 47.85%, and the eucalyptol content was in the leaf part at 44.00%. Additionally, it was determined that the α-elemene content was highest in the flower part with 12.49%. According to the analysis results, high amounts of linalool, eucalyptol, and α-elemene were detected. The inhibitory properties of these compounds against the DNA gyrase enzyme were investigated by molecular docking. MolDock score (-78.72, -47.50, -88.86) and binding energy (2.9, 4.6, 4.0 kcal/mol) of linalool, eucalyptol, and α-elemene compounds were determined respectively. According to the ADME/T properties of the molecules examined; The α-elemene did not show any toxic effects. As a result, the eucalyptol compound may be used as an inhibitor against the DNA gyrase enzyme. In addition, it can contribute to the economy by obtaining essential oils from the non-consumable flowers and stem parts of the basil plant and increasing its usability in industries such as cleaning, cosmetics, etc.Öğe Stable electrode material for use in supercapacitor with iodine doping after sulfonation of mesoporous activated carbon particles based on microalgae biomass(2025-01-01) Levent, Abdulkadir; Saka, CaferDeveloping appropriate electrode materials is crucial for achieving supercapacitors with high power output and extended cycle life. Among these, biomass-derived carbon electrodes hold a prominent position in supercapacitor applications. However, these electrodes need to be modified by appropriate methods to increase their performance. In this study, sulphur and iodine heteroatom functionalization was performed using a hydrothermal method on activated carbon (SPAC) derived from a microalgae precursor through potassium hydroxide activation, resulting in iodine- and sulphur-doped SPAC (iodine@S-doped SPAC). Characterization was carried out with Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption analyses. The electrochemical properties of the resulting composite material as a supercapacitor were examined. A specific capacitance of 208.95 F/g was achieved with the iodine@S-doped SPAC supercapacitor. The maximum energy density and power density of the supercapacitor, derived from the iodine@S-doped SPAC sample, were calculated as 5.11 Wh/kg and 2000 W/kg, respectively. Additionally, the coulombic efficiency of this supercapacitor was calculated to be 87.57% at a current density of 0.06 A/g. It also exhibited a capacity retention of up to 89.72% over 1000 cycles.Öğe Study of COVID-19 SEWIR Model with Memory Effect of Fractal Derivative on Infectious Reaction Outbreak(2025-01-01) Farman, Muhammad; Akgül, Ali; Alshowaikh, Faisal; Hafez, Mohamed; Alkhazaleh, Shawkat; Asif, HiraThe COVID-19 epidemic was a significant occurrence that had a significant influence on the global economic and health care systems. Machine learning techniques and mathematical models are being used to study the behaviour of the virus and make long and short term forecasts about the daily new cases. In this work, we construct a SEWIR epidemic model in this paper using the Mittag Lefler Kernel in terms of fractal fractional operator. The control rate and infectious force in this model are at their peak during the latent phase. We demonstrate the presence and originality of solutions and determine the model’s fundamental reproductive number R0. For the first and second derivative tests, a global stability investigation is started using the Lyapunov function. Quantitative analysis of the collapse of second derivative equilibrium points to demonstrate the impact of another wave of dynamical transmission. The model’s parameters are subjected to sensitivity analysis in order to the specific factors with the greatest effects on the propagation rate. Infections point analysis was thoroughly explained, and a Mittag Lefler Kernel-based mathematical framework was used to develop the model’s numerical solution.Öğe Laparoscopic Duodenojejunostomy for the Treatment of Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome: Analysis of 91 Patients(2025-01-01) Yetişir, Fahri; Çelik, Muhammet Emin; Taşkın, Yunus Emre; Özdemir, Oguzhan; Kurt, Ömer; Tiken, Ramazan; Yüksel, OsmanSuperior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) is a rare condition caused by the compression of the third portion of the duodenum between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy has emerged as a safe and effective surgical treatment, particularly when conservative measures fail. We analyzed the clinical and surgical outcomes of 91 patients who underwent laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy for SMAS between February 2016 and July 2023. Preoperative clinical characteristics, surgical data, postoperative symptom improvement rates, and weight regain were evaluated. Diagnosis was confirmed through computed tomographic angiography (CTA), demonstrating an aortomesenteric angle < 20° and distance < 10 mm. Conservative treatment was initially applied in all cases prior to surgical intervention. Among the 91 patients, 58.2% were female, and the mean age was 29.2 SD 11 years. All surgeries were completed laparoscopically with no intraoperative complications. After an average follow-up of 42.5 SD 26.7 months, 93.4% of patients showed significant symptom improvement, with a mean postoperative weight gain of 4.5 SD 2.5 kg. Postoperative complications included delayed gastric emptying in 8 patients (resolved conservatively) and low-output chylous fistulas in 4 patients (resolved spontaneously). There was no mortality. Laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy is a safe and effective treatment for SMAS, offering high success rates and minimal complications. While this study highlights the benefits of a multidisciplinary approach and standardized surgical techniques, further prospective studies are needed to optimize management protocols for this rare condition.Öğe Machine Learning and Shock Indices-Derived Score for Predicting Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in ACS Patients(Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2025-02-13) Yunus Emre Yavuz; Sefa Tatar; Hakan Akıllı; Muzaffer Aslan; Abdullah İçliBackground Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a serious complication following acute coronary syndrome (ACS), leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Machine learning (ML), combined with parameters such as shock indices, can potentially improve CIN risk prediction by analyzing complex variable interactions and creating accessible, clinically applicable models. Methods This retrospective case-control study included 719 ACS patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Patients were divided into two groups (CIN and non-CIN), and clinical, procedural, and hemodynamic parameters, including shock indices, were analyzed using machine learning algorithms. A new predictive model, CIN-Predict 5, was developed using the Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) algorithm, incorporating clinically relevant and statistically significant variables. Correlations between model predictions and secondary outcomes, including in-hospital mortality and hospitalization duration, were evaluated. Results Among the variables used in the GBM algorithm, the Modified Shock Index emerged as the most significant predictor, with an importance score of 0.25. The CIN-Predict 5 model achieved an AUC of 0.87, outperforming the Mehran Risk Score (AUC = 0.75) for predicting CIN. The secondary outcomes showed that CIN-Predict 5 correlated significantly with in hospital mortality (r = 0.16, p < 0.001) and hospitalization duration (r = 0.20, p < 0.001). Conclusions The GBM-based model we developed, utilizing shock indices and derived through ML, provides a practical tool for early identification of high-risk CIN patients post-ACS, enabling timely preventive strategies and improving clinical decision-making. © 2025 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe AutoEffFusionNet: A New Approach for Cervical Cancer Diagnosis Using ResNet-based Autoencoder with Attention Mechanism and Genetic Feature Selection(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2025) Yahya DoganCervical cancer poses a significant global health challenge, necessitating accurate and efficient diagnostic solutions. This study introduces a novel hybrid framework, AutoEffFusionNet, that integrates unsupervised feature learning through ResNet-based autoencoders with attention mechanisms and supervised learning via transfer learning models. By leveraging the complementary strengths of these approaches, the proposed method achieves enhanced diagnostic accuracy in cervical cancer classification. Genetic algorithms optimize the feature selection process, retaining only the most relevant attributes, thereby addressing feature redundancy and improving computational efficiency. The selected features are then classified using a Support Vector Machine, effectively combining deep learning's feature extraction capabilities with machine learning's robust classification strengths. Additionally, Grad-CAM visualizations are incorporated to highlight critical regions influencing the classification decisions, enhancing interpretability and transparency. The framework was rigorously evaluated on two benchmark datasets, SIPaKMeD, and Mendeley LBC, achieving remarkable accuracies of 99.26% and 100%, respectively. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model in addressing key challenges in cervical cancer diagnosis and its potential for deployment in clinical applications.Öğe Predicting Mechanical Properties of FDM‐Produced Parts Using Machine Learning Approaches(Wiley, 2025-02-23) Mahmut Özkül; Fatma Kuncan; Osman UlkirAdditive manufacturing (AM), especially fused deposition modeling (FDM), has been widely used in industrial production processes in recent years. The mechanical properties of parts produced by FDM can be predicted through the correct selection of printing parameters. In this study, 25 machine learning (ML) algorithms were used to predict the mechanical properties (hardness, tensile strength, flexural strength, and surface roughness) of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) samples fabricated by FDM. Experiments were conducted using three different layer thicknesses (100, 150, 200 μm), infill densities (50%, 75%, 100%), and nozzle temperatures (220°C, 230°C, 240°C). The effects of printing parameters on mechanical properties were investigated through analysis of variance (ANOVA). This analysis results indicated that infill density had the most significant effect on hardness (55.56%), tensile strength (80.02%), and flexural strength (77.13%). In addition, the layer thickness was identified as the most influential parameter on the surface roughness, with an effect of 70.89%. The prediction performance of the ML algorithms was evaluated based on the mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error, mean squared error, and R-squared (R2) values. The KSTAR algorithm best predicted both hardness and surface roughness, with MAE values of 0.006 and 0.009, respectively, and an R2 value of up to 0.99. For the prediction of tensile and flexural strength, the MLP algorithm was determined to be the most successful method, achieving high accuracy (R2 > 0.99) for both properties. In addition, comparison graphs between the predicted and actual results showed high overall accuracy, with a particularly strong agreement for hardness, tensile strength, and surface roughness. The study identified the algorithms with the best prediction performance and provided recommendations for predicting the 3D printing process based on these findings.Öğe Fuzzy Expert System Applications in Plant Cultivation(Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024) Nazire Mikail; Arzu Çığ; Tarana Gılıcova; Yasaman YagubovaIn expert systems widely used in today’s technology, making the best decision in case of uncertainty and modeling applications are based on fuzzy logic inference. Fuzzy expert systems seek solutions relied on the practice, knowledge and skills of professional in a particular field. This can be explained as a type of computerized consultation system. The use of natural language based on fuzzy logic enable this method to solve many experimental problems. Fuzzy logic is widely used in different applications in plant cultivation, such as disease and pest detection, yield estimation, irrigation control, fertilizer and drug dosage determination. Fuzzy logic considers to be one of the effective tools for prognosis aims in plant cultivation. Fuzzy expert system applications in plant growing can be used in early diagnosis of some diseases, pest management, diagnosis of nutrient deficiency, as well as determination of optimum yield patterns and preparation at minimum cost.Öğe Effect of PGPB on Germination and Early Development Parameters of Acacia cyanophylla (Lindley) Seeds in Lead Contaminated Media(Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024) Arzu Çığ; Nazire Mikail; İmran AundovAcacia cyanopylla (Lindley) is a member of the Fabaceae family and is a decorative plant species with its yellow flowers and adds value to the place where it is used with its aesthetic beauty. In addition to its aesthetic value, it is used in sand dune prevention and afforestation works on highways. In addition to using various methods for germinating seeds, different processes are being developed using the priming technique. In this study, where the germination ability of this plant species, especially used in landscape areas, against lead pollution and the growth parameters in the early stages of plantlet formation were examined, a different approach was taken with the use of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). This study was carried out in the laboratory under aseptic conditions. Brevibacterium frigoritolerans (KF58B) and Bacillus zhangzhouensis (KF3A) PGPBs were inoculated into A. cyanopylla (Lindley) seeds. Some parameters were examined by applying 100 ppm lead (Pb) to the petri dishes in which the seeds were sown. The highest germination rate and speed and shoot length were obtained as 73.3%, 33.3 and 2.57 cm, respectively, in seeds under lead stress. While root length and root thickness were obtained from the control group seeds as 3.25 cm and 0. 34 cm, respectively, the highest lateral root number, 1.07, was determined in the seeds inoculated with Brevibacterium frigoritolerans bacteria. Although the results obtained in the examined parameters differed in numerical values between applications, only the differences between the average values of shoot length, root length and root thickness were statistically.Öğe The performance evolution of Xue and Yamada-Ota models for local thermal non equilibrium effects on 3D radiative casson trihybrid nanofluid(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-03-01) Ahmed M. Galal; Ali Akgül; Sahar Ahmed Idris; Shoira Formanova; Talib K. Ibrahim; Murad Khan Hassani; Abdullah A. Faqihi; Munawar Abbas; Ibrahim MahariqThe proposed study investigates the characteristics of Stefan blowing and activation energy on MHD Casson Diamond-[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]based trihybrid nanofluid over a sheet with LTNECs (local thermal non-equilibrium conditions) and permeable medium. The significance of Marangoni convection as well as heat generation are considered. In order to examine the properties of heat transmission in the absence of local thermal equilibrium conditions, this paper makes use of a simple mathematical model. Local thermal non-equilibrium situations typically result in two discrete and crucial temperature gradients in both the liquid and solid phases. In systems where material qualities and heat transfer efficiency are crucial, the utilization of Xue model and Yamada-Ota model and to assess the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid adds a comparison dimension and enables optimized design. The controlling partial differential equations are reduced to non-linear ordinary differential equations using an appropriate similarity transformation. The Bvp4c technique is used to resolve the resulting equations numerically. Applications in modern thermal management systems, especially those requiring precise heat transfer control (e.g., electronic cooling, medicinal devices, energy systems), will benefit greatly from this work. The model is especially applicable to processes where chemical reactions and internal heat sources are important, like in catalytic reactors and combustion systems, because it takes into account activation energy and heat generating effects. The findings indicate that when the value of the interphase heat transmission factor increases, the solid phase's temperature profile and liquid phase heat transfer rate drop.Öğe From family social support to problematic internet use: a serial mediation model of hostility and depression(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-02-28) Caner Doğrusever; Mehmet BilginInternet usage has become an inevitable part of daily life. Adolescents who are developmentally vulnerable due to family dynamics or who suffer psychological distress are at greater risk of problematic Internet use. This study aims to reveal the intricate psychological pathways linking family social support to problematic Internet use among adolescents and the mediating roles of hostility and depression. The study uses serial mediation analyses and Hayes PROCESS macro to examine a large sample of 2,047 adolescents (1,182 females and 865 males). Results revealed a significant negative association between family social support and problematic Internet use. Both hostility and depression were found to be critical mediators, functioning independently and sequentially in the relationship between family social support and problematic Internet use. The findings highlight the protective role of family social support against problematic Internet use among adolescents by reducing hostility and depressive symptoms. This investigation contributes to the extant literature by elucidating the psychological mechanisms underlying problematic Internet use. It suggests that interventions targeting family support systems, feelings of hostility, and depression may effectively mitigate problematic Internet use among adolescent populations.Öğe Discharge performance of side gates with different shapes(IWA Publishing, 2025-02-10) Veysi Kartal; M. Emin Emiroglu; M. Fatih YukselFlow measurement and water level control in open channels are vital to water management. Lateral intake structures are commonly used for different purposes in civil and environmental engineering applications. Flow characteristics of rectangular, triangular, and semi-circular shapes were experimentally investigated using 357 runs under subcritical flow conditions. Correlation analysis was conducted to determine the effect of various parameters on the discharge coefficient. Upstream Froude number (F1), the ratio of the gate opening to the upstream flow depth, and the gate length to flow depth ratio are influential for all side gates. However, the ratio of the gate opening to the gate length is also influential for triangular side gates. Discharge coefficient of the semi-circular side gate is relatively higher than that of the other tested gates within the range of 0.05Öğe Uncertainty and Well-Being in Turkish Adults: Exploring the Role of Religiosity and Psychological Symptoms(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-02-27) Nuri Türk; Gökmen Arslan; Alican Kaya; Oğuzhan YildirimReligiosity offers individuals a sense of purpose and connection, which can lead to greater life satisfaction and improved psychological well-being and happiness. On the other hand, psychological challenges such as depression, anxiety, stress, and difficulty dealing with uncertainty can negatively affect life satisfaction. This study examined these dynamics using a hypothetical model, incorporating mediation and moderation analyses to explore the connections between intolerance of uncertainty, life satisfaction, religiosity, and psychological symptoms in a group of 565 participants (286 of whom were female). The findings revealed notable positive and negative relationships among these variables. Specifically, the study found that (i) religiosity and psychological symptoms both play a mediating role in the link between intolerance of uncertainty and life satisfaction, and (ii) religiosity serves as a moderator in this relationship. The moderation analysis showed that when religiosity levels are low, the negative effect of intolerance of uncertainty on life satisfaction is significantly stronger. In contrast, high levels of religiosity significantly weaken this negative relationship, indicating that religiosity acts as a buffer against the adverse impact of uncertainty on life satisfaction. These results underscore the potential value of religiosity in helping individuals cope with the harmful effects of uncertainty on their sense of life satisfaction. Additionally, lower levels of psychological symptoms and reduced intolerance of uncertainty were associated with higher life satisfaction, suggesting that religiosity may play a protective role in promoting overall well-being.Öğe 3D Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Calcaneal Morphology in Domestic Caprinae: Sheep (Ovis aries) and Goat (Capra hircus)(MDPI AG, 2025-02-14) Barış Can Güzel; Tomasz Szara; Burak Ünal; Sokol Duro; Fatma İşbilir; Funda Yiğit; Mihaela-Claudia Spataru; Karolina Goździewska-Harłajczuk; Ozan GündemirThe calcaneus plays a critical role in balance, locomotion, and muscle attachment, making it a key structure for biomechanical adaptations. This study examined interspecies differences between sheep and goats, as well as intraspecies variations among different sheep breeds, in calcaneus morphology. A total of 128 right calcanei were analyzed using 3D geometric morphometric methods to allow detailed assessments of calcaneus shape and size. Among sheep, the Hamdani sheep displayed the largest calcaneus among the breeds, distinguishing them significantly from the others. In contrast, goats had a bilaterally narrower calcaneal body, while sheep featured a more pronounced distal portion that articulates with the talus and a deeper articular surface. Additionally, the sustentaculum tali were more developed in sheep. The bilaterally compressed calcaneal body in goats likely reflects their agility and ability to navigate steep, rocky terrains. In contrast, sheep's broader and more robust calcaneus may support their grazing lifestyle on flatter terrains, emphasizing their stability and weight-bearing capacity. These findings highlight the functional significance of calcaneal morphology in the locomotor strategies and physical capabilities of goats and sheep, providing valuable insights for comparative anatomy and veterinary science.Öğe Abundant soliton solutions in saturated ferromagnetic materials modeled via the fractional Kraenkel–Manna–Merle system(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-02-25) Loubna Ouahid; Maryam Alshahrani; A. Mohamed Abdel-Baset; M. A. Abdou; Ali Akgül; Murad Khan HassaniThe Modified Generalized Riccati Equation Mapping Technique is employed to discover novel solutions for the Fractional Kraenkel-Manna-Merle system. In this system, a nonlinear of ultra_short wave pulse propagates across saturated ferromagnetic-materials by very low conductance. The beta-derivative is used to analyze the fractional performance of the proposed system. Combo-multi soliton shape, anti-bell-shaped solitons, kink bright-dark shape are the results of the applications. The results obtained are original and unfamiliar to the reader, as they had not been published previously. For a few chosen solutions, two dimensional, and three dimensional are shown to offer important insights into the behavior and properties of the solutions. These detailed exact solutions and wave phenomena contribute to a deeper understanding of this equation. This work opens up new possibilities for exploring wave phenomena in more complexly structured nonlinear.Öğe A new hybrid CFD approach to study the impact of forced convection on radiant cooled wall with baseboard diffuser including various vane angles(Elsevier BV, 2025-07) Melek Caliskan Temiz; Aykut Bacak; Muhammet Camci; Yakup Karakoyun; Ozgen Acikgoz; Ahmet Selim DalkilicThe current work examines the effect of forced convection on thermal comfort in a space, including radiant wall cooling and an innovative floor-level diffuser system. It examines the impact of various vane angles on thermal comfort in room air conditioning at 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75°, and employs experimental data to confirm a hybrid 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. A new floor-level diffuser system delivers air at temperatures between 18 °C and 22 °C, with supply air velocities of 5 m/s and 10 m/s measured at the exit side of diffuser while the supply water temperature is kept constant at 14 °C. In the hybrid 3D solution, experimentally derived convective heat transfer coefficients (CHTCs) for forced airflow are utilized. This is accomplished by merging a k-ω model with a hydronic radiant panel system that incorporates forced convection. The analysis examines temperature and velocity distributions, CHTCs on the radiant-cooled wall, and the PMV-PPD components. Results indicate that at a supply air velocity of 5 m/s, thermal comfort parameters do not satisfy PMV and PPD indices, except in proximity to the diffuser. Nevertheless, elevating the supply air velocity to 10 m/s ensures thermal comfort across the space, with the exception of regions next to the cooled wall surfaces. The examination of several vane angles indicated that a 45° angle yields the most advantageous thermal comfort conditions, irrespective of air velocity. The CHTC adjacent to the radiant wall is roughly 6 W/m2K at a velocity of 5 m/s and rises to 8 W/m2K at 10 m/s. The temperature disparity between the head and ankle regions at 5 m/s adheres to the 3 °C tolerance established by international standards. The study determines that a 45° vane angle ensures best thermal comfort, and the devised numerical method yields significant insights for the construction of analogous indoor settings.
