Nanotechnologies: New Opportunities in Agriculture

Exponentially increasing human population and environmental concerns have necessitated exploiting the potential uses of nanotechnologies in agriculture, which can boost agricultural production in a biologically viable, commercially economical, and environmentally sustainable manner. Many countries have used nano-products in the agriculture sector with unprecedented advantages under the current climate change scenario. However, limited knowledge of nano-products on human health and the biosafety of foods needs immediate attention. This chapter synthesizes the present trends and highlights the prospects of nanotechnology in promoting sustainable agriculture through nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, nanoencapsulation, nanosensors, nanobarcodes, and intelligent distribution systems. The opportunities to use nanoparticles to reduce the damaging effects of agricultural practices on the environment and health, protect crops against pests, improve waste management, optimize food quality and safety, and supply fertilizers in a farming manufacturing system for a viable environment have been objectively elaborated.