Development of Trivariate Multiscalar–Standardized Drought Index (TMSDI) for assessing drought characteristics

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dc.contributor.authorAamina Batool
dc.contributor.authorVeysi KARTAL
dc.contributor.authorZulfiqar Ali
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-19T08:27:29Z
dc.date.available2025-02-19T08:27:29Z
dc.date.issued2025-02-11
dc.departmentFakülteler, Mühendislik Fakültesi, İnşaat Mühendisliği Bölümü
dc.description.abstractDrought is an extensive natural hazard influenced by human activities. Drought has a substantial impact on environmental systems and socioeconomic activities globally, posing serious challenges to water resources, agriculture, and ecosystems. Drought as a complicated natural occurrence is difficult to monitor and anticipate. However, to address the detrimental issues of drought, this study examined the innovative Trivariate Multiscalar-Standardized Drought Index (TMSDI). The climatic factors of precipitation, temperature, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) are components in the development of TMSDI. To check the association of the innovative index with the another drought indices, this study evaluated correlations between the proposed index (TMSDI) and traditional drought indices, i.e., the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Temperature Index (SPTI) at 1-, 3-, 6-, 9-, 12-, 24-, and 48-month time scales. The outcomes demonstrate that there is a consistent relationship between the TMSDI and SPI due to higher values of correlation. The lower correlation between TMSDI and SPTI shows that there is a substantial and consistent relationship between TMSDI and SPI than TMSDI and SPTI. Moreover, the long-term behavior of different drought conditions indicates that extreme drought is more likely than extreme wet across the Markov chain's Steady States Probabilities (SSPs). Consequently, the proposed index (TMSDI) is recommended as an effective tool to precisely and accurately monitor drought conditions over different time scales within different climate factors.
dc.identifier.citationBatool, A., Kartal, V., & Ali, Z. (2025). Development of Trivariate Multiscalar–Standardized Drought Index (TMSDI) for assessing drought characteristics. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 197(3), 268.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s10661-025-13742-y
dc.identifier.issn1573-2959
dc.identifier.issue3
dc.identifier.pmid39932606
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-13742-y
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12604/8529
dc.identifier.volume197
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001419989500005
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.institutionauthorKartal, Veysi
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0003-4671-1281
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer Science and Business Media LLC
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Monitoring and Assessment
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subjectDrought
dc.subjectMixture of Gaussian distributions
dc.subjectNDVI
dc.subjectSteady-state probabilities.
dc.titleDevelopment of Trivariate Multiscalar–Standardized Drought Index (TMSDI) for assessing drought characteristics
dc.typejournal-article
oaire.citation.issue3
oaire.citation.volume197

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