Ameliorative effects of astaxanthin against copper(II) ion-induced alteration of pentose phosphate pathway and antioxidant system enzymes in rats

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dc.authoridbengu, aydin sukru/0000-0002-7635-4855
dc.contributor.authorAkkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu
dc.contributor.authorTemel, Yusuf
dc.contributor.authorBengu, Aydin Sukru
dc.contributor.authorAkkoyun, Hurrem Turan
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-24T19:24:50Z
dc.date.available2024-12-24T19:24:50Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.departmentSiirt Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractCopper (Cu) is one of the toxic elements that cause environmental pollution. As a result of excessive accumulation of copper in the organism, it causes damage in various organs and tissues and hemolysis in erythrocytes. Astaxanthin (ATX) is a pigment belonging to the xanthophyll family, which is an oxygenated derivative of carotenoids. Thanks to its powerful antioxidant properties, ATX has an extraordinary potential to protect the organism against various diseases, especially cancer. The main objective of this study was to investigate the toxic effect of copper ions on the glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phospho-gluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) enzymes and the role of astaxanthin in reducing this effect. In in vivo study, Wistar Albino male rats (n=28) were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group, copper (Cu2+) group, astaxanthin (ATX) group, and copper + astaxanthin (Cu2++ATX) group. The results show that G6PD enzyme activity in Cu2+ group was strongly inhibited (p < 0.05), while in other groups, there were no significant effects compared to the control group (p > 0.05). 6PGD enzyme activity was significantly reduced in Cu2+ group compared to that in the control group (p < 0.05), and GR enzyme activity was lower in Cu2+ group compared to that in the control group (p < 0.05). Similarly, when GST enzyme activity was evaluated, a strong decrease was observed in the Cu2+ group compared to that in the control group (p < 0.05), while the enzyme activity in the Cu2++ATX group approached the control group (p > 0.05). When TrxR enzyme activity level was examined, a statistically significant decrease was observed in the Cu2+ and Cu2++ATX groups (p < 0.05), and the enzyme activity in the ATX group was found to be close to that in the control group. When in vitro results were evaluated, it was observed that copper ions inhibited G6PD enzyme purified from rat erythrocyte tissues with IC50=1.90 mu M value and Ki = 0.97 mu M +/- 0.082 value and the inhibition was non-competitive. From the results, it can be concluded that Cu2+ ions have an inhibitory effect on rat erythrocyte pentose phosphate pathway and antioxidant system enzymes both in vivo and in vitro, and astaxanthin reduces this effect.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s11356-021-15017-8
dc.identifier.endpage62926
dc.identifier.issn0944-1344
dc.identifier.issn1614-7499
dc.identifier.issue44
dc.identifier.pmid34218382
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85109277799
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage62919
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15017-8
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12604/6143
dc.identifier.volume28
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000669305500016
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer Heidelberg
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Science and Pollution Research
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_20241222
dc.subjectGlucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase
dc.subject6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
dc.subjectThioredoxin reductase
dc.subjectGlutathione reductase
dc.subjectGlutathione S-transferase
dc.subjectCopper (Cu2+)
dc.subjectAstaxanthin
dc.titleAmeliorative effects of astaxanthin against copper(II) ion-induced alteration of pentose phosphate pathway and antioxidant system enzymes in rats
dc.typeArticle

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