Diyarbakır ili Dicle havzası pamuk alanlarında görülen fide kök çürüklüğü fungal etmenleri ile hastalık yaygınlık oranlarının belirlenmesi
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Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Siirt Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Pamuk, ülkemizin ve Diyarbakır ilinin önemli bir tarımsal potansiyele sahip olan bir endüstri bitkisidir. Diğer kültür bitkilerinde olduğu gibi hastalıklardan etkilenmekte ve zamanında gerekli önlemlerin alınmaması durumunda kalite, verim düşüklüğü yanı sıra bitkinin tamamen kuruyup ürün vermemesine neden olur. Pamukta ilk dönemlerde fide kök çürüklüklerine neden olan birçok patojen vardır. Bu çalışmada Diyarbakır Dicle Nehri boyunca yoğun pamuk tarımı yapılan alanlarda, 2021-2022 yıllarında, mayıs-haziran aylarında sürvey yapılmıştır. Toplamda 79 tarladan hastalıklı pamuk örnekleri toplanmıştır. Çalışmada Fusarium türleri( Fusarium. oxysporum, F. solani, F.verticiolides F. clamydosporum, F. equiseti, F. culmorum ), R. solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Macrophomina spp., Alternaria spp., Ulocladium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Thielaviopsis basicola, Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Curvularia spp., Sclerotinia sp., Trichoderma sp., Gliocladium sp. türleri elde edilmiştir. Bu türler içinden Thielaviopsis bsicola, Alternaria spp., Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani türlerinin yüksek oranda patojen olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca çalışılan tarlalarda hastalık oranı %2-16 arasında bulunmuştur. Bölgede hastalık yaygınlığı ise %100 oranında bulunmuştur.
Cotton is an industrial plant with an important agricultural potential in our country. Like other cultivated plants, it is affected by diseases, and if necessary precautions are not taken on time, it causes low quality and yield, as well as the plant dries up completely and does not produce a product. There are many pathogens that cause root rot of seedlings in the early stages of cotton. İn total, diseased cotton samples were collected from 79 fields. İn this study, surveys were carried out in the most intensive cotton cultivation areas along the Diyarbakır Tigris River, in the years 2021-2022, in the months of May-June. İn the study, Fusarium species (F. oxysporum, F. solani, F.verticiolides F. clamydosporum, F. equiseti, F. Culmorum), R. solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Macrophomina spp., Alternaria spp., Ulocladium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Thielaviopsis basicola, Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Curvularia spp., Sclerotinia sp., Trichoderma sp., Gliocladium sp. types have been obtained. Among these species Thielaviopsis bsicola, Alternaria spp., Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani were determineted to be highly patogenic. İn addition, the disease rate in the studied fields was found to be between %2-16. The prevalence of the disease in the region was found to be %100.
Cotton is an industrial plant with an important agricultural potential in our country. Like other cultivated plants, it is affected by diseases, and if necessary precautions are not taken on time, it causes low quality and yield, as well as the plant dries up completely and does not produce a product. There are many pathogens that cause root rot of seedlings in the early stages of cotton. İn total, diseased cotton samples were collected from 79 fields. İn this study, surveys were carried out in the most intensive cotton cultivation areas along the Diyarbakır Tigris River, in the years 2021-2022, in the months of May-June. İn the study, Fusarium species (F. oxysporum, F. solani, F.verticiolides F. clamydosporum, F. equiseti, F. Culmorum), R. solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Macrophomina spp., Alternaria spp., Ulocladium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Thielaviopsis basicola, Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Curvularia spp., Sclerotinia sp., Trichoderma sp., Gliocladium sp. types have been obtained. Among these species Thielaviopsis bsicola, Alternaria spp., Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani were determineted to be highly patogenic. İn addition, the disease rate in the studied fields was found to be between %2-16. The prevalence of the disease in the region was found to be %100.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bitki Koruma Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
