Diyarbakır'da yayılış gösteren dut (Morus spp.) genetik kaynaklarının morfolojik, pomolojik ve kimyasal karakterizasyonu
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Siirt Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma, Diyarbakır'da yayılış gösteren dut genotiplerinin morfolojik, pomolojik ve kimyasal özelliklerinin belirlenmesi, tanımlanması, farklı özellik gösteren genotiplerin tespit edilmesi amacıyla 2022 yılında yürütülmüştür. Diyarbakır ve ilçelerinde doğal yayılış gösteren dut alanlarına düzenli surveyler yapılarak morfolojik, pomolojik ve kimyasal özellikler açısından farklılık gösteren 22 genotip işaretlenerek değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Seçilen genotiplerde ağaç, yaprak ve meyve morfolojisi ile pomolojik özellikler bakımından farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Genotiplerde boğumlar arası uzunluk 1,43 - 2,94 cm, yaprak uzunluğu 62,67 - 166,67 mm, yaprak eni 57,33 - 123,33 mm, yaprak sapı uzunluğu 16,33 - 44,67 mm, sap kalınlığı 1,26 - 4,56 mm olarak tespit edilmiştir. Meyve ağırlığı 1,33 - 5,00 g, meyve eni 8, 70, 16, 15 mm, meyve boyu 15,66 - 24,64 mm, SÇKM 16,72 - 43,90, pH 3,45 - 6,31, toplam asitlik 0,87 - 4,33 arasında değişmiştir. Genotiplerin şıra randımanı %31,49 - 67,80, kurutma randımanı %19,09 - 52,51, Toplam fenolik madde miktarı 22,81 - 98,02 (mg GAE/100 g), toplam antioksidan miktarı 3,19 - 17,30 (µmol TE/g), protein miktarı %4,60 - 10,36 olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca genotiplerin fenolik bileşik, organik asit ve mineral içeriği incelenmiştir. Dut meyvesinde klorojenik asit, kateşin, kafeik asit, p-kumarik asit, rutin, ferulik asit, narinjin ve rosmarinik asit gibi fenolik bileşikler tespit edilmiştir. İçerik bakımından en fazla miktarda bulunan fenolik bileşiğin klojenik asit olduğu bulunmuştur. Dut meyvelerinin organik asit bakımından en fazla sitrik asit içerdiği belirlenmiştir. Mineral analizinde en yüksek miktarda bulunan besin elementi K iken bunu sırasıyla Ca, P, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Na, Cu, Ni, Cr ve Co takip etmiştir.
This work was conducted in 2022 to determine and identify the morphological, pomological and chemical characteristics of mulberry genotypes distributed in Diyarbakır and to identify genotypes with different characteristics. Regular surveys were carried out in mulberry fields with natural distribution in Diyarbakır and its districts and 22 genotypes showing differences in terms of morphological, pomological and chemical characteristics were marked and evaluated. Differences in tree, leaf and fruit morphology and pomological characteristics were determined in the selected genotypes. Inter-node length was 1,43 – 2,94 cm, leaf length 62,67 - 166,67 mm, leaf width 57,33 - 123,33 mm, petiole length 16,33 – 44,67 mm, petiole thickness 1,26 – 4,56 mm. Fruit weight was 1,33 - 5,00 g, fruit width was 8, 70, 16, 15 mm, fruit length was 15,66 - 24,64 mm, SSC was 16,72 - 43,90, pH was 3,45 - 6,31, total acidity was 0,87 - 4,33. Wort yield of the genotypes was 31,49 – 67,80%, drying yield was 19,09 - 52,51%, total phenolic content was 22.81 – 98,02 (mg GAE/100 g), total antioxidant content was 3,19 – 17,30 (µmol TE/g) and protein content was 4,60 - 10,36%. Phenolic compound, organic acid and mineral content of the genotypes were also analysed. Phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, rutin, ferulic acid, narinjin and rosmarinic acid were detected in mulberry fruit. The highest amount of phenolic compound in terms of content was found to be cloogenic acid. It was determined that mulberry fruits contained the highest amount of citric acid in terms of organic acids. In mineral analysis, the highest amount of nutrient element was K, followed by Ca, P, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Na, Cu, Ni, Cr and Co, respectively.
This work was conducted in 2022 to determine and identify the morphological, pomological and chemical characteristics of mulberry genotypes distributed in Diyarbakır and to identify genotypes with different characteristics. Regular surveys were carried out in mulberry fields with natural distribution in Diyarbakır and its districts and 22 genotypes showing differences in terms of morphological, pomological and chemical characteristics were marked and evaluated. Differences in tree, leaf and fruit morphology and pomological characteristics were determined in the selected genotypes. Inter-node length was 1,43 – 2,94 cm, leaf length 62,67 - 166,67 mm, leaf width 57,33 - 123,33 mm, petiole length 16,33 – 44,67 mm, petiole thickness 1,26 – 4,56 mm. Fruit weight was 1,33 - 5,00 g, fruit width was 8, 70, 16, 15 mm, fruit length was 15,66 - 24,64 mm, SSC was 16,72 - 43,90, pH was 3,45 - 6,31, total acidity was 0,87 - 4,33. Wort yield of the genotypes was 31,49 – 67,80%, drying yield was 19,09 - 52,51%, total phenolic content was 22.81 – 98,02 (mg GAE/100 g), total antioxidant content was 3,19 – 17,30 (µmol TE/g) and protein content was 4,60 - 10,36%. Phenolic compound, organic acid and mineral content of the genotypes were also analysed. Phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, rutin, ferulic acid, narinjin and rosmarinic acid were detected in mulberry fruit. The highest amount of phenolic compound in terms of content was found to be cloogenic acid. It was determined that mulberry fruits contained the highest amount of citric acid in terms of organic acids. In mineral analysis, the highest amount of nutrient element was K, followed by Ca, P, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Na, Cu, Ni, Cr and Co, respectively.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
