Batman ilinde sulu ve kuru koşullarda badem yetiştiriciliğinin karşılaştırılması
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Siirt Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Badem, Batman ekolojisinde yetiştirilmeye uygun olan bir meyvedir. Maddi getirisi fazla olduğundan son yıllarda üreticiler tarafından tercih edilmekte ve badem yetiştiriciliği her geçen sene artmaktadır. Bu tez çalışması ile Batman'daki badem bahçelerinin sulu ve kuru koşullarda çiçeklenme, verim, meyve özellikleri belirlenmiş, ayrıca üreticilerin sosyo-ekonomik koşullarının geliştirilmesi için gerekli uygun bahçe büyüklükleri saptanmıştır. Çalışma 2022-2023 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Batman'da 2 sulanan, 2 sulanmayan badem bahçesi seçilerek veriler alınmıştır. Batman'ın Oymataş köyünde seçilen sulanmayan (kuru) ve sulanan (sulu) bahçelerde Nonpareil badem çeşidi, Eymir köyünde seçilen kuru bahçede ve Kütüklü köyünde seçilen sulu bahçede Ferragnes çeşidi üzerinde çalışılmıştır. Batmanda sulanan koşullardaki Ferragnes çeşidi çiçeklenme süresi 16 Mart–3 Nisan tarihleri arasında, sulanmayan koşullardaki Ferragnes çeşidinde ise 13 Mart–30 Mart tarihleri arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Batmanda sulanan koşullardaki Nonpareil çeşidinde çiçeklenme süresi 9 Mart – 28 Mart tarihleri arasında, sulanmayan koşullardaki Nonpareil çeşidinde ise 6 Mart–25 Mart tarihleri arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Batman'daki sulanmayan bahçemizden ortalama 2023 yılında bir dekardan 283 kg badem elde edilmiştir. Bir kg bademin sektörde 55 TL'den işlem gördüğü belirtilmiştir. Bir dekar badem bahçesinden 2023 yılında elde edilen net gelir 11.093 TL (465 $) olmaktadır. Batman'da ortalama ailedeki birey sayısı 8 olduğundan yoksulluk sınırı 2023 yılında yıllık 560.400 TL (23.487 $) olmuştur. Buna göre Batman'da bir badem üreticisi ailesi geçindirebilmesi için 50,5 dekar kuru (sulanmayan) badem bahçesine ihtiyacı olacaktır.
Almond is suitable for growing in Batman ecology. Since its financial return is high, it has been preferred by producers in recent years and almond cultivation is increasing every year. With this thesis study, the flowering, yield and fruit characteristics of almond orchards in Batman under irrigated and dry conditions were determined, and the appropriate garden sizes necessary to improve the socio-economic conditions of the producers were determined. The study was conducted in 2022-2023. Data were collected by selecting 2 irrigated and 2 unirrigated almond gardens in Batman. Nonpareil almond variety was studied in the unirrigated (dry) and irrigated orchards selected in Oymataş village of Batman, and Ferragnes variety was studied in the selected dry orchard in Eymir village and in the irrigated orchard selected in Kütüklü village. The flowering period of the Ferragnes variety under irrigated conditions in Batman was between 16 March and 3 April, and the flowering period of the Ferragnes variety under unirrigated conditions was between 13 March and 30 March. The flowering period of the Nonpareil variety under irrigated conditions in Batman was between 9 March and 28 March, and the flowering period of the Nonpareil variety under unirrigated conditions was between 6 March and 25 March. On average, 283 kg of almonds were obtained from one decare in 2023 from our unirrigated orchard in Batman. It is stated that one kg of almonds is traded at 55 TL in the sector (Anonymous, 2023). The net income from one decare of almond orchard in 2023 is 11,093 TL ($ 465). Since the average number of family members in Batman is 8, the poverty line will be 560,400 TL ($ 23,487) annually in 2023. Accordingly, an almond producer in Batman will need 50.5 decares of dry (unirrigated) almond orchard to support his family.
Almond is suitable for growing in Batman ecology. Since its financial return is high, it has been preferred by producers in recent years and almond cultivation is increasing every year. With this thesis study, the flowering, yield and fruit characteristics of almond orchards in Batman under irrigated and dry conditions were determined, and the appropriate garden sizes necessary to improve the socio-economic conditions of the producers were determined. The study was conducted in 2022-2023. Data were collected by selecting 2 irrigated and 2 unirrigated almond gardens in Batman. Nonpareil almond variety was studied in the unirrigated (dry) and irrigated orchards selected in Oymataş village of Batman, and Ferragnes variety was studied in the selected dry orchard in Eymir village and in the irrigated orchard selected in Kütüklü village. The flowering period of the Ferragnes variety under irrigated conditions in Batman was between 16 March and 3 April, and the flowering period of the Ferragnes variety under unirrigated conditions was between 13 March and 30 March. The flowering period of the Nonpareil variety under irrigated conditions in Batman was between 9 March and 28 March, and the flowering period of the Nonpareil variety under unirrigated conditions was between 6 March and 25 March. On average, 283 kg of almonds were obtained from one decare in 2023 from our unirrigated orchard in Batman. It is stated that one kg of almonds is traded at 55 TL in the sector (Anonymous, 2023). The net income from one decare of almond orchard in 2023 is 11,093 TL ($ 465). Since the average number of family members in Batman is 8, the poverty line will be 560,400 TL ($ 23,487) annually in 2023. Accordingly, an almond producer in Batman will need 50.5 decares of dry (unirrigated) almond orchard to support his family.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
