Nar (Punica granatum L.)üretiminin enerji kullanım etkinliğinin belirlenmesi ve ekonomik analizi
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Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Siirt Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, Siirt ili Zivzik narı üretiminde enerji kullanımı ve sera gazı emisyonunun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın ana materyalini Siirt il ve ilçelerinde nar üretimi yapan 186 üreticiden anket yöntemiyle elde edilen veriler oluşturmuştur. Enerji eşdeğerlerinin hesaplanabilmesi için nar üretiminde kullanılan girdilerin miktarları bulunmuş ve bu girdi verileri enerji eşdeğeri katsayıları ile çarpılmıştır. Araştırma alanında toplam nar bahçesi alanı 98,80 ha ve ortalama nar üretim alanı alan 0,53 ha olarak hesaplanmıştır. Toplam ağaç sayısı 62,889 adet ve ortalama ağaç sayısı 635 adet/ha olarak bulunmuştur. Toplam üretim miktarı 3.445,50 ton olarak belirlenmiş, ortalama nar verimi 34.856,37 kg/ha, ağaç başına verim ortalama 55,25 kg olarak bulunmuştur. Nar üretiminde toplam enerji girdisi 53.831,72 MJ/ha, enerji çıktısı 66.227,11 MJ/ha olarak bulunmuştur. İşletmelerde nar üretiminde enerji kullanım etkinliği 1,23, enerji verimliliği 0,65 kg/MJ, spesifik enerji 1,54 MJ/kg, net enerji 12.395,39 MJ/ha olarak belirlenmiştir. Doğrudan, dolaylı, yenilenebilir ve yenilenemeyen enerji kaynaklarının payları sırasıyla %30,79, %69,21, %12,57 ve %87,43 olarak bulunmuştur. Toplam sera gazı emisyonu 4.504,21 kg CO2-eş/ha, sera gazı emisyonu oranı 0,129 kgCO2-eş/kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Gayri safi üretim değeri 278.850,96 TL/ha, değişken masraflar 73.245,88 TL/ha ve brüt kâr 205.605,08 TL/ha olarak bulunmuştur. Nar girdileri enerji eşdeğerleri, sera gazı emisyonları ve değişken masraflar içerisindeki en yüksek payı gübre girdisinin aldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Enerji kullanım etkinliği 1'den yüksek olduğu için girdilerin etkin kullanıldığını söylemek mümkündür ancak daha etkin girdi kullanımıyla bu oranın artması sağlanabilir.
In this study, it was aimed to determine the energy use and greenhouse gas emission in Zivzik pomegranate production in Siirt province. The main material of the study was the data obtained from 186 pomegranate producers in Siirt province and its districts by survey method. In order to calculate energy equivalents, the amounts of the inputs used in pomegranate production were found and these input data were multiplied by the energy equivalent coefficients. The total pomegranate orchard area in the research area was calculated as 98.80 ha and the average pomegranate production area was calculated as 0.53 ha. The total number of trees was 62,889 and the average number of trees per hectare was 635. The total production amount was determined as 3,445.50 tons, the average pomegranate yield was 34,856.37 kg/ha and average yield per tree was 55.25 kg. Total energy input in pomegranate production was found as 53,831.72 MJ/ha and energy output was found as 66,227.11 MJ/ ha. In pomegranate production, energy use efficiency was 1.23, energy productivity was 0.65 kg/MJ, specific energy was 1.54 MJ/kg and net energy was 12,395.39 MJ/ha. The shares of direct, indirect, renewable and non-renewable energy sources were found as 30.79%, 69.21%, 12.57% and 87.43%, respectively. Total greenhouse gas emission was determined as 4,504.21 kg CO2-eq ha-1 and greenhouse gas emission rate was determined as 0.129 kg CO2-eq/kg. Gross production value was found as 278.850,96 TL/ha, variable costs were found as 73.245,88 TL/ ha and gross profit was found as 205.605,08 TL/ha. It was concluded that fertilizer input had the highest share in pomegranate inputs energy equivalents, greenhouse gas emissions and variable costs. Since the energy use efficiency is higher than 1, it is possible to say that the inputs are used efficiently, but this ratio can be increased by using more efficient inputs.
In this study, it was aimed to determine the energy use and greenhouse gas emission in Zivzik pomegranate production in Siirt province. The main material of the study was the data obtained from 186 pomegranate producers in Siirt province and its districts by survey method. In order to calculate energy equivalents, the amounts of the inputs used in pomegranate production were found and these input data were multiplied by the energy equivalent coefficients. The total pomegranate orchard area in the research area was calculated as 98.80 ha and the average pomegranate production area was calculated as 0.53 ha. The total number of trees was 62,889 and the average number of trees per hectare was 635. The total production amount was determined as 3,445.50 tons, the average pomegranate yield was 34,856.37 kg/ha and average yield per tree was 55.25 kg. Total energy input in pomegranate production was found as 53,831.72 MJ/ha and energy output was found as 66,227.11 MJ/ ha. In pomegranate production, energy use efficiency was 1.23, energy productivity was 0.65 kg/MJ, specific energy was 1.54 MJ/kg and net energy was 12,395.39 MJ/ha. The shares of direct, indirect, renewable and non-renewable energy sources were found as 30.79%, 69.21%, 12.57% and 87.43%, respectively. Total greenhouse gas emission was determined as 4,504.21 kg CO2-eq ha-1 and greenhouse gas emission rate was determined as 0.129 kg CO2-eq/kg. Gross production value was found as 278.850,96 TL/ha, variable costs were found as 73.245,88 TL/ ha and gross profit was found as 205.605,08 TL/ha. It was concluded that fertilizer input had the highest share in pomegranate inputs energy equivalents, greenhouse gas emissions and variable costs. Since the energy use efficiency is higher than 1, it is possible to say that the inputs are used efficiently, but this ratio can be increased by using more efficient inputs.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyosistem Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
