Malatya Akçadağ ilçesinde kayısı bahçelerinde şeftali filiz güvesi (Anarsia lineatella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) ve doğu meyve güvesi (Cydia molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)'nin yayılış alanlarının ve populasyon dalgalanmalarının belirlenmesi
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Siirt Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Anarsia lineatella Zell. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) ve Grapholita molesta (Busck, 1916) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) kayısıda önemli zararlılardandır. Bu çalışma, Malatya ilinin Akçadağ ilçesinde, 2022-2023 yıllarında A. lineatella ve G. molesta'nın yayılış alanlarını, popülasyon dalgalanmalarını ve zarar oranlarını belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmalar, Akçadağ ilçesine bağlı farklı yön ve yükseltilerde bulunanan 6-7 mahallede yürütülmüştür. Türlerin yayılışlarını, popülasyon değişimlerini ve zarar durumlarını belirlemek için göz ile kontrol ve eşeysel çekici tuzaklar kullanılarak veri toplanmıştır. Delta tipi eşeysel çekici feromon tuzaklar, her bahçeye bir tuzak olacak şekilde, ergin çıkışından önce yerden 1,5-2,0 m yüksekliğe ağacın güney-doğu yönünde bir dalına asılmış ve feromonlar 4 haftada bir değiştirilmiştir. Meyvedeki zararı belirlemek için, tuzaklarda erginler yakalandıktan sonra 3 bahçede ve her bahçede 5-10 ağaç işaretlenmiştir. Meyve ben düşme döneminden hasada kadar yere dökülen meyveler kontrol edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, bahçelerde A. lineatella ve G. molesta tespit edilmiştir. Meyvedeki zarar oranının %0,16-%17 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Anarsia lineatella' nın ergin çıkışları ova kesiminde 2022-2023 yıllarında sırasıyla 11 ve 12 Mayıs tarihlerinde, rakımın yüksek olduğu Gürkaynak'taki bahçede ise 2 ve 7 Haziran tarihlerinde olmuştur. Son ergin çıkışı 16 Kasım'a kadar sürmüştür. Anarsia lineatella' nın ova bölgesinde yaklaşık 6 ay, yüksek kesimde 5 ay aktif kaldığı görülmüştür. Anarsia lineatella ova bölgesindeki bahçelerde teorik döl sayısı 2022 yılında 3,52, 2023 yılında ise 3,56'dır. Rakımın yüksek olduğu bahçelerde teorik döl sayısı yıllara göre sırasıyla 3,19-3,2 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Grapholita molesta'nın ergin uçuşu 26 Mayıs-18 Ekim tarihleri arasında görülmüştür. Bu türde belirgin bir popülasyon dalgalanması gözlemlenmemiştir. Ayrıca bahçelere asılan G. molesta feromonlu eşeysel çekici tuzaklara Tortricidae familyasından farklı türde birçok güve türünün geldiği tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Anarsia lineatella, Grapholita molesta, kayısı, Tortricidae, Arga
Anarsia lineatella Zell. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and Grapholita molesta (Busck, 1916) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) are important pests of apricots. This study was conducted in Akçadağ district of Malatya province, in the years 2022-2023 A. lineatella and G. molesta it was conducted to determine the distribution areas of population fluctuations and damage rates. The studies were carried out in 6-7 neighborhoods located in different directions and elevations connected to Akçadağ district. Data were collected using eye control and sexual attractant traps to determine the spread of species, population changes and damage situations. Delta type sexual attractive pheromone traps were hung on a branch of the tree in a south-easterly direction at a height of 1,5-2,0 m from the ground before the adult's exit, so that there would be a trap for every garden, and the pheromones were changed every 4 weeks. After the adults were caught in the traps to determine the damage to the fruit, 5-10 trees were marked in 3 orchars and in each orchard. As a result of the study, in the gardens A. lineatella and G. molesta has been identified. It was determined that the damage rate varied between 0,68% and 67,6%. May 11 and 12, respectively, in the lowland part of 2022-2023, Anarsia lineatella adult exits took place, and in the orchard in Gürkaynak, where the altitude is high, on June 2 and 7. The adult exits of Anarsia lineatella occurred on May 11 and May 2023, respectively. The last adult's exit lasted until November 16. It has been observed that Anarsia lineatella remains active for about 6 months in the lowland region and 5 months in the high part. The theoretical number of progeny in the gardens in the Anarsia lineatella lowland region is 3,52 in 2022 and 3,56 in 2023. In gardens where the altitude is high, the theoretical number of progeny has been calculated as 3,19-3,2 respectively, according to the years. May 26– October 18 the adult flight of Grapholita molesta was observed between. No significant population fluctuation has been observed in this species. Also hanging in the gardens is G. molesta to sexual attractant traps with pheromones. It has been found that many moth species of different species come from the Tortricidae family. Keywords: Anarsia lineatella, Grapholita molesta, apricot, Tortricidae, Arga
Anarsia lineatella Zell. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and Grapholita molesta (Busck, 1916) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) are important pests of apricots. This study was conducted in Akçadağ district of Malatya province, in the years 2022-2023 A. lineatella and G. molesta it was conducted to determine the distribution areas of population fluctuations and damage rates. The studies were carried out in 6-7 neighborhoods located in different directions and elevations connected to Akçadağ district. Data were collected using eye control and sexual attractant traps to determine the spread of species, population changes and damage situations. Delta type sexual attractive pheromone traps were hung on a branch of the tree in a south-easterly direction at a height of 1,5-2,0 m from the ground before the adult's exit, so that there would be a trap for every garden, and the pheromones were changed every 4 weeks. After the adults were caught in the traps to determine the damage to the fruit, 5-10 trees were marked in 3 orchars and in each orchard. As a result of the study, in the gardens A. lineatella and G. molesta has been identified. It was determined that the damage rate varied between 0,68% and 67,6%. May 11 and 12, respectively, in the lowland part of 2022-2023, Anarsia lineatella adult exits took place, and in the orchard in Gürkaynak, where the altitude is high, on June 2 and 7. The adult exits of Anarsia lineatella occurred on May 11 and May 2023, respectively. The last adult's exit lasted until November 16. It has been observed that Anarsia lineatella remains active for about 6 months in the lowland region and 5 months in the high part. The theoretical number of progeny in the gardens in the Anarsia lineatella lowland region is 3,52 in 2022 and 3,56 in 2023. In gardens where the altitude is high, the theoretical number of progeny has been calculated as 3,19-3,2 respectively, according to the years. May 26– October 18 the adult flight of Grapholita molesta was observed between. No significant population fluctuation has been observed in this species. Also hanging in the gardens is G. molesta to sexual attractant traps with pheromones. It has been found that many moth species of different species come from the Tortricidae family. Keywords: Anarsia lineatella, Grapholita molesta, apricot, Tortricidae, Arga
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bitki Koruma Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
