Siirt ekolojik koşullarında farklı dikim sıklıklarının ve diurnal varyabilitenin biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) bitkisinde verim ve kalite özelliklerine etkisi
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Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Siirt Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Çalışmada biberiye (Rosmanirus officinalis L.) bitkisinin Siirt ekolojik koşullarında farklı dikim sıklıklarının ve diurnal varyabilitenin bitkide verim ve kalite özelliklerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışma alanı 2017 yılında kurulmuş bulununan deneme alanında yürütülmüştür. Denemede parsel genişlikleri 2,8 m, parsel uzunlukları 3 m, sıra aralıkları 70 cm, sıra üzeri mesafeler ise 20, 30, 40, 50 ve 60 cm olarak 4 tekerrür olacak şekilde hazırlanmıştır. Farklı dikim sıklıklarının ve diurnal varyabiletenin verim ve kalite özellikleri araştırılıp değerlendirilmiştir. Rosmarinus officinalisL. (biberiye) bitkisinin siirt koşullarında gelişimi takip edilerek en uygun hasat saatinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada %50 çiçeklenme döneminde 2'şer saat ara ile 01:00, 03:00, 05:00, 07:00, 09:00, 11:00, 13:00, 15:00, 17:00, 19:00, 21:00 ve 23:00 12 farklı saatte hasat yapılmıştır. Hasadı yapılan denemede, bitki boyu, anadal sayısı, kanopi çapı, yeşil herba verimi, drog herba verimi, drog yaprak verimi, drog sap verimi, uçucu yağ oranı, uçucu yağ verimi, uçucu yağ hasat saati ve uçucu yağ bileşenleri değerleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmada sıra üzeri mesafesinin bitki boyu, anadal sayısı, kanopi çapı, uçucu yağ oranı, uçucu yağ hasat saati bileşenleri üzerine etkileri istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmazken, yeşil herba verimi, drog herba verimi, drog yaprak verimi, drog sap verimi istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmuştur. Diurnal varyabilitenin uçucu yağ verimi üzerine etkisi istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre bitki boyu 72,67-78,67 cm, Anadal sayısı 9-12 adet, kanopi çapı 54,33-63,33 cm, yeşil herba verimi 1565,17- 4027,43 kg/da, drog herba verimi 879,33-2245,40 kg/da, drog yaprak verimi 470,33-1193,83 kg/da, drog sap verimi 406,93-1050,80 kg/da, uçucu yağ oranı %0,30-0,40, uçucu yağ verimi 1,71-3,52 l/da, uçucu yağ hasat saati 0,23-0,47 L/da arasında değişim göstermiştir. Uçucu yağ kompozisyonu incelendiğinde 12 farklı hasat saatinde tespit edilen başlıca bileşenlerin; camphor (%9,91-25,26), 1,8- cineole (%13,22-16,99), bicyclo ( 9,13-25,53), ?-terpineol (%2,48-4,36), ?-pinene (%0,39- 9,07), Linalool (%2,67-3,93) ve borneol (%5,25-11,04) olduğu belirlenmiştir. En yüksek uçucu yağ bileşeni ortalaması %19,84 ile Camphor olarak bulunmuştur. Toplamda 24 farklı uçucu yağ bileşeni tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda farklı dikim sıklıklarının uçucu yağ verimine önemli bir etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Diurnal varyabilitenin de Siirt ekolojik koşullarında uçucu yağ kalitesine önemli bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
In this study, the effects of different planting densities and diurnal variability on yield and quality characteristics of rosemary (Rosmanirus officinalis L.) plant were investigated in Siirt ecological conditions. The study area was carried out in the trial area established in 2017. In the experiment, plot widths of 2,8 m, plot lengths of 3 m, row spacings of 70 cm, and in-row distances of 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 cm were prepared as 4 replications. Yield and quality characteristics of different planting densities and diurnal variability were investigated and evaluated. It is aimed to determine the most suitable harvest time by following the development of Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) plant in Siirt conditions. During the 50% flowering period, 01:00, 03:00, 05:00, 07:00, 09:00, 11:00, 13:00, 15:00, 17:00, 19:00 in every 2 hours harvesting was done at 12 different hours at 21:00 and 23:00. In the harvested experiment, plant height, number of major branches, canopy diameter, green herb yield, drug herb yield, drug leaf yield, drug stem yield, essential oil ratio, essential oil yield, essential oil harvest time and essential oil components were investigated. In the study, while the effects of row spacing on plant height, number of major branches, canopy diameter, essential oil ratio, essential oil harvest time components were not found statistically significant, green herb yield, drug herb yield, drug leaf yield, and drug stem yield were found to be statistically significant. The effect of diurnal variability on essential oil yield was found to be statistically significant. According to the results of the research, the plant height is 72.67-78,67 cm, the number of major branches is 9-12, the canopy diameter is 54.33-63,33 cm, the green herb yield is 1565.17-4027,43 kg/da the drug herb yield is 879. ,33-2245,40 kg/da drug leaf yield 470.33-1193,83 kg/ha, drug stem yield 406.93-1050,80 kg/da essential oil rate 0.30-0.40%, the essential oil yield varied between 1.71-3.52 l/da and the essential oil harvest time between 0.23-0.47 L/da. When the essential oil composition is examined, the main components detected at 12 different harvest hours were determined as: camphor (9.91-25.26%), 1,8- cineole (13.22-16.99%), bicyclo (9.13-25.53), ?-terpineol (2.48-4%, 36), ?-pinene (0.39-9.07%), linalool (2.67-3.93%) and borneol (5.25-11.04%). A total of 24 different essential oil components have been identified. As a result of the research, it was seen that different planting frequencies had a significant effect on essential oil yield. Diurnal variability has also been found to have a significant effect on essential oil quality in Siirt ecological conditions.
In this study, the effects of different planting densities and diurnal variability on yield and quality characteristics of rosemary (Rosmanirus officinalis L.) plant were investigated in Siirt ecological conditions. The study area was carried out in the trial area established in 2017. In the experiment, plot widths of 2,8 m, plot lengths of 3 m, row spacings of 70 cm, and in-row distances of 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 cm were prepared as 4 replications. Yield and quality characteristics of different planting densities and diurnal variability were investigated and evaluated. It is aimed to determine the most suitable harvest time by following the development of Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) plant in Siirt conditions. During the 50% flowering period, 01:00, 03:00, 05:00, 07:00, 09:00, 11:00, 13:00, 15:00, 17:00, 19:00 in every 2 hours harvesting was done at 12 different hours at 21:00 and 23:00. In the harvested experiment, plant height, number of major branches, canopy diameter, green herb yield, drug herb yield, drug leaf yield, drug stem yield, essential oil ratio, essential oil yield, essential oil harvest time and essential oil components were investigated. In the study, while the effects of row spacing on plant height, number of major branches, canopy diameter, essential oil ratio, essential oil harvest time components were not found statistically significant, green herb yield, drug herb yield, drug leaf yield, and drug stem yield were found to be statistically significant. The effect of diurnal variability on essential oil yield was found to be statistically significant. According to the results of the research, the plant height is 72.67-78,67 cm, the number of major branches is 9-12, the canopy diameter is 54.33-63,33 cm, the green herb yield is 1565.17-4027,43 kg/da the drug herb yield is 879. ,33-2245,40 kg/da drug leaf yield 470.33-1193,83 kg/ha, drug stem yield 406.93-1050,80 kg/da essential oil rate 0.30-0.40%, the essential oil yield varied between 1.71-3.52 l/da and the essential oil harvest time between 0.23-0.47 L/da. When the essential oil composition is examined, the main components detected at 12 different harvest hours were determined as: camphor (9.91-25.26%), 1,8- cineole (13.22-16.99%), bicyclo (9.13-25.53), ?-terpineol (2.48-4%, 36), ?-pinene (0.39-9.07%), linalool (2.67-3.93%) and borneol (5.25-11.04%). A total of 24 different essential oil components have been identified. As a result of the research, it was seen that different planting frequencies had a significant effect on essential oil yield. Diurnal variability has also been found to have a significant effect on essential oil quality in Siirt ecological conditions.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarla Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
