Diyarbakır ili Sur ilçesinde bazı pamuk çeşitlerinde Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) popülasyonunun belirlenmesi
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Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Siirt Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Farklı kullanım alanlarıyla tüm dünyada hem endüstri hem de ticaret sektörlerinde önemli bir tarım ürünü olan pamuğun (Gossypium spp.), üretim alanlarında verim ve kalite üzerinde olumsuz birçok faktörün yanı sıra bitki koruma sorunları da önemli yer teşkil etmektedir. Pamuk yaprakbiti, Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), pamukta ana zararlılardan biridir. Bu çalışma Diyarbakır İli Sur ilçesi, Sati köyünde 2022 yılında pamuk alanlarında üç pamuk çeşidi (May-455, Progen-1010, Progen-Armada) üzerinde A. gossypii'nin kanatlı ve kanatsız bireylerin popülasyon gelişimini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın yürütüldüğü üç pamuk çeşidinde A. gossypii'nin kanatsız bireylerine ait popülasyon dalgalanmasının birbirlerine benzerlik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. A. gossypii'nin kanatsız bireylerinin ilk olarak 12.06.2022 tarihinde tespit edilmiştir. Zararlının popülasyonun en yüksek yoğunluğu; Progen-1010 çeşidinde 02.09.2022 tarihinde 1,41 birey/yaprak, May-455 ve Progen-Armada çeşidinde 27.06.2022 tarihinde sırasıyla 1,68-1,93 birey/yaprak bulunmuştur. Kanatlı bireyleri için, Progen-1010 çeşidi en yüksek yoğunluğu 10.09.2022 tarihinde 21,6 birey/tuzak olup May-455 çeşidi 04.07.2022'de 20,6 birey/tuzak, Progen-Armada çeşidi de 10.09.2022' de 23,6 birey/tuzak olarak gözlemlenmiştir. Zararlının kanatsız bireyleri haziran aylarında oluşturdukları koloniler, temmuz ayının ortalarına kadar, sıcaklığın yükselmesiyle de kanatlı bireye dönüşen erginlerin popülasyon gelişimi eylül-ekim aylarına kadar devam etmektedir. Kanatlı bireyleri için pamuk çeşitlerinde farklı yoğunluk gözlemlense de yaprakbitinin genel olarak çeşit ayrımı yaptığı söylenemez. A. gossypii'nin kanatsız bireyinin popülasyonu Diyarbakır ili iklim koşullarında, haziran aylarında yoğun iken, kanatlı bireylerin popülasyonunun ise eylül aylarında yükseliş gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Yapılan bu çalışmada farklı pamuk çeşitlerinde yaprakbitine karşı herhangi bir ilaçlama periyoduna gerek duyulmadığı yoğunluk zarar eşiğine (25 birey/ yaprak) ulaşmadığı belirlenmiştir.
In addition to negative many factors on yield and quality, plant protection problems also have an important place in cotton (Gossypium spp.) production areas, which is an important agricultural product in both industry and trade sectors all over the world with its different usage areas. The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the main pests of cotton. This study was carried outin order to determine the population development of winged and wingless individuals of A. gossypii on three cotton varieties (May-455, Progen-1010, Progen-Armada) in 2022 cotton fields in the village of Sati, Sur district of Diyarbakır. It was determined that the population fluctuation of the wingless individuals of A. gossypii in the three cotton cultivars in which the study was carried out were similar to each other. The wingless individuals of A. gossypii were first detected on 12.06.2022. The highest population density of the pest; 1.41 individuals/leaf were found on 02.09.2022 in Progen-1010 cultivar, 1,68-1,93 individuals/leaf were found in May-455 and Progen-Armada cultivars on 27.06.2022, respectively. For poultry individuals, the highest density of Progen-1010 variety was 21,6 individuals/trap on 10.09.2022, May-455 variety was observed as 20,6 individuals/trap on 04.07.2022, and Progen-Armada variety was 23,6 individuals/trap on 10.09.2022. The colonies formed by the wingless individuals of the pest in June continue until the middle of July, and the population development of the adults, which turn into winged individuals with the increase in temperature, continues until September-October. Although different densities are observed in cotton varieties for winged individuals, it cannot be said that aphids generally differentiate between varieties. It was determined that the population of wingless individuals of A. gossypii was intense in the climatic conditions of Diyarbakır province in June, while the population of winged individuals increased in September. In this study, it was determined that there was no need for any spraying period against aphids in different cotton varieties and the density did not reach the damage threshold (25 individuals/leaf).
In addition to negative many factors on yield and quality, plant protection problems also have an important place in cotton (Gossypium spp.) production areas, which is an important agricultural product in both industry and trade sectors all over the world with its different usage areas. The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the main pests of cotton. This study was carried outin order to determine the population development of winged and wingless individuals of A. gossypii on three cotton varieties (May-455, Progen-1010, Progen-Armada) in 2022 cotton fields in the village of Sati, Sur district of Diyarbakır. It was determined that the population fluctuation of the wingless individuals of A. gossypii in the three cotton cultivars in which the study was carried out were similar to each other. The wingless individuals of A. gossypii were first detected on 12.06.2022. The highest population density of the pest; 1.41 individuals/leaf were found on 02.09.2022 in Progen-1010 cultivar, 1,68-1,93 individuals/leaf were found in May-455 and Progen-Armada cultivars on 27.06.2022, respectively. For poultry individuals, the highest density of Progen-1010 variety was 21,6 individuals/trap on 10.09.2022, May-455 variety was observed as 20,6 individuals/trap on 04.07.2022, and Progen-Armada variety was 23,6 individuals/trap on 10.09.2022. The colonies formed by the wingless individuals of the pest in June continue until the middle of July, and the population development of the adults, which turn into winged individuals with the increase in temperature, continues until September-October. Although different densities are observed in cotton varieties for winged individuals, it cannot be said that aphids generally differentiate between varieties. It was determined that the population of wingless individuals of A. gossypii was intense in the climatic conditions of Diyarbakır province in June, while the population of winged individuals increased in September. In this study, it was determined that there was no need for any spraying period against aphids in different cotton varieties and the density did not reach the damage threshold (25 individuals/leaf).
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bitki Koruma Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
