Tarihi kentsel yerleşim alanlarının taşınmasındaki sosyal, mekânsal ve yapısal sorunların araştırılması (Batman Hasankeyf örneği)
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Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Siirt Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
12 bin yıldır savaşlara ve doğal afetlere direnerek yakın tarihimize kadar varlığını sürdüren Hasankeyf, 1982'den beri gündeme getirilen Ilısu Barajının 2020 yılında tamamlanması neticesinde tamamen boşaltılarak sulara gömülmüştür. Mağara konutları ve kendine has dokusuyla birçok kültürel miras barındıran bu kentin yok olması engellenememiştir. Dünyada ve Türkiye'de kalkınma projeleri sebebiyle yerinden edilen nüfus her geçen gün artmaktadır. Türkiye'nin enerji politikalarında öncelik verdiği hidroelektrik santraller sebebiyle de birçok yerleşim alanı yok edilmektedir. Bu yerleşimlerdeki insanların mağdur edilmemesi için yeniden yerleşim uygulamaları yapılmaktadır. Ilısu Projesi'nin gerçekleşmesi kapsamında Hasankeyf'in yeniden yerleşim süreci başlamıştır. Bu tez çalışmasında Eski ve Yeni Hasankeyf kentleri karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Bu kentlerin, zorunlu göçe tabi tutulan insanlar tarafından nasıl algılandığı, yapılan anket çalışmasıyla açıklanmıştır. Bu sonuçlara göre, Eski ve Yeni Hasankeyf birbirlerinden oldukça farklı kentlerdir. Kent ölçeği büyümüş, kent kimliği yok olmuştur. İnsanlar yeni kente alışmakta zorluk çekmektedir. Yöre halkının çoğu barajın yapımını ve yeni kente taşınılmasını Hasankeyf için kötü bir durum olarak değerlendirmiştir. Kentteki inşaat faaliyetleri tamamlanmadan taşınma gerçekleşmesi yeni kentten memnuniyet durumunu olumsuz etkilemiştir. Turizm ve buna bağlı sektörlerin geleceği belirsizdir. Yeniden yerleşim uygulamalarında kentsel tasarım ve şehir planlama disiplinlerinin başarısının, insanların bu uygulamalardan memnuniyet durumunu doğrudan etkilediği görülmüştür.
Hasankeyf, which has survived wars and natural disasters for the past 12 thousand years, was completely emptied and buried under water in 2020 as a result of the completion of the Ilısu Dam, which was on the agenda since 1982. The destruction of this city, which contained many cultural heritages with its cave dwellings and unique texture, could not be prevented. The population displaced due to development projects in the world and in Turkey is increasing day by day. Many residential areas are being destroyed due to the hydroelectric power plants that Turkey prioritizes in its energy policies. Resettlement practices are carried out so that people in these settlements are not hindered. As part of the Ilısu project, the resettlement process of Hasankeyf has begun. As part of this thesis, the Old and New Hasankeyf cities were examined comparatively. How these cities are perceived by the people subjected to forced migration is explained by the survey study. The results revealed that the Old and New Hasankeyf are quite different cities from each other. The city's scale has grown and its identity has disappeared. People find it difficult to adapt to the new city. Most locals viewed the construction of the dam and moving to the new city as a bad situation for Hasankeyf. The fact that the relocation started before the construction activities in the city were completed negatively affected the residents' satisfaction with the new city. The future of tourism and related sectors is uncertain. In resettlement practices, the success of urban design and urban planning disciplines directly affects the satisfaction of people with these practices.
Hasankeyf, which has survived wars and natural disasters for the past 12 thousand years, was completely emptied and buried under water in 2020 as a result of the completion of the Ilısu Dam, which was on the agenda since 1982. The destruction of this city, which contained many cultural heritages with its cave dwellings and unique texture, could not be prevented. The population displaced due to development projects in the world and in Turkey is increasing day by day. Many residential areas are being destroyed due to the hydroelectric power plants that Turkey prioritizes in its energy policies. Resettlement practices are carried out so that people in these settlements are not hindered. As part of the Ilısu project, the resettlement process of Hasankeyf has begun. As part of this thesis, the Old and New Hasankeyf cities were examined comparatively. How these cities are perceived by the people subjected to forced migration is explained by the survey study. The results revealed that the Old and New Hasankeyf are quite different cities from each other. The city's scale has grown and its identity has disappeared. People find it difficult to adapt to the new city. Most locals viewed the construction of the dam and moving to the new city as a bad situation for Hasankeyf. The fact that the relocation started before the construction activities in the city were completed negatively affected the residents' satisfaction with the new city. The future of tourism and related sectors is uncertain. In resettlement practices, the success of urban design and urban planning disciplines directly affects the satisfaction of people with these practices.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Şehir ve Bölge Planlama Ana Bilim Dalı, Kentsel Tasarım Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Şehircilik ve Bölge Planlama, Urban and Regional Planning
