Nanopartikül katkılı faz değiştiren malzemenin fotovoltaik paneller üzerindeki etkisi
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Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Siirt Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, Siirt iklim şartlarında altında fotovoltaik (PV) panellerin soğutularak çıkış parametrelerinin iyileştirilmesi araştırılmıştır. PV panel yüzey sıcaklığını azaltabilmek için Faz Değiştiren Malzeme (FDM) kullanılmış ve FDM'nin ısı iletim katsayısını artırmak için de farklı oranlarda nanopartikül (alüminyum oksit-Al2O3) ilave edilmiştir. FDM'li ve nanopartikül katkılı FDM'li soğutma sistemleri, PV panellerin çıkış parametrelerine pozitif etki ettiği gözlemlenmiştir. Deneylere başlamadan önce tüm PV paneller aynı güneş ışınımı ve çevre şartlarında test edilmiş ve birbirine çok yakın çıkış güçlerine sahip üç eş PV panel seçilmiştir. PV paneller arasındaki maksimum çıkış gücü farkı 0,05 W olarak ölçülmüştür. PV panelin dış çerçeve ölçülerinde alüminyum levha kesilerek PV panelin arka kısmı tamamen kapatılmıştır. Sızdırmazlık sağlamak için PV panel çerçevesi ile alüminyum levha, poliüretan mastik (çelik silikon) ile yapıştırılmıştır. Bu işlem sonunda PV panelin arkasında 1,5 cm derinliğinde FDM'nin eklenebileceği bir depo oluşturulmuştur. Eritilmiş FDM'nin içine ağırlık-hacimce (%w/v) % 0,05, % 0,1 ve % 0,15 oranlarında nanopartikül eklenmiştir. Nanopartikül katkılı FDM'lerin ısı iletim katsayıları ölçülmüş ve % 0,05 için 0,2 W?m-1?K-1, % 0,1 için 0,21 W?m-1?K-1, % 0,15 için ise 0,22 W?m-1?K-1 bulunmuştur. Deneylerde, referans PV panel, FDM'li PV panel, % 0,05 nanopartikül katkılı FDM'li PV panel, % 0,1 nanopartikül katkılı FDM'li PV panel ve %0,15 nanopartikül katkılı FDM'li PV panel olmak üzere 5 farklı sistem bulunmaktadır. Bu 5 farklı PV sistem kendi içinde 3'erli grup yapılarak en iyi soğutma sağlayan ve çıkış parametrelerini iyileştiren sistem araştırılmıştır. Deneyler sonucunda soğutma yapılan panellerin hücre sıcaklığının, soğutma yapılmayan referans PV panele göre daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Bu durum elektriksel verime pozitif etki yaparak verim artışını sağlamıştır. Soğutulan panellerden en verimli olanı %0,15 nanopartikül katkılı FDM'li PV panel olup, verimi %12,70 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
In this study, the improvement of the output parameters of photovoltaic (PV) panels by cooling under Siirt climatic conditions was investigated. Phase Change Material (PCM) was employed to reduce the PV panel surface temperature, and nanoparticles (aluminium oxide-Al2O3) were added at different rates to increase the heat transfer coefficient of PCM. It has been observed that cooling systems with PCM and nanoparticle additived PCM have a positive effect on the output parameters of PV panels. Prior to the experiment, all PV panels were tested under the same solar radiation and environmental conditions, and three identical PV panels with very close output powers were selected. The maximum output power difference between PV panels is measured as 0,05 W. The back part of the PV panel is completely covered with an aluminium sheet cut to the outer frame dimensions of the PV panel. The PV panel frame and the aluminium sheet are bonded with polyurethane sealant (steel silicone) to ensure tightness. At the end of this process, 1,5 cm deep tank was placed behind the PV panel, where PCM can be added. Nanoparticles were added to the melted PCM at the rates of 0,05%, 0,1% and 0,15% by weight-volume (%w/v). The heat transmission coefficients of nanoparticle additived PCMs were measured and 0,2 W?m-1?K-1 for 0,05%, 0,21 W?m-1?K-1 for 0,1%, and 0,22 W?m-1?K-1 for 0,15% was found. In the experiments, the reference PV panel, PV panel with PCM, PV panel with PCM the additived 0,05% nanoparticles, PV panel with PCM the additived 0,1% nanoparticles, and PV panel with PCM the additived 0,15% nanoparticles were used. Five distinct photovoltaic (PV) systems were divided into three groups, and the system that provides the most effective cooling and improves output parameters was studied. As a result of the experiments, it was observed that the cell temperature of the cooled panels was lower than the uncooled reference PV panel. This had a positive effect on the electrical efficiency and increased the efficiency. The most efficient of the cooled panels is the PV panel with 0,15% nanoparticle additived PCM, and its efficiency was calculated as 12,70%.
In this study, the improvement of the output parameters of photovoltaic (PV) panels by cooling under Siirt climatic conditions was investigated. Phase Change Material (PCM) was employed to reduce the PV panel surface temperature, and nanoparticles (aluminium oxide-Al2O3) were added at different rates to increase the heat transfer coefficient of PCM. It has been observed that cooling systems with PCM and nanoparticle additived PCM have a positive effect on the output parameters of PV panels. Prior to the experiment, all PV panels were tested under the same solar radiation and environmental conditions, and three identical PV panels with very close output powers were selected. The maximum output power difference between PV panels is measured as 0,05 W. The back part of the PV panel is completely covered with an aluminium sheet cut to the outer frame dimensions of the PV panel. The PV panel frame and the aluminium sheet are bonded with polyurethane sealant (steel silicone) to ensure tightness. At the end of this process, 1,5 cm deep tank was placed behind the PV panel, where PCM can be added. Nanoparticles were added to the melted PCM at the rates of 0,05%, 0,1% and 0,15% by weight-volume (%w/v). The heat transmission coefficients of nanoparticle additived PCMs were measured and 0,2 W?m-1?K-1 for 0,05%, 0,21 W?m-1?K-1 for 0,1%, and 0,22 W?m-1?K-1 for 0,15% was found. In the experiments, the reference PV panel, PV panel with PCM, PV panel with PCM the additived 0,05% nanoparticles, PV panel with PCM the additived 0,1% nanoparticles, and PV panel with PCM the additived 0,15% nanoparticles were used. Five distinct photovoltaic (PV) systems were divided into three groups, and the system that provides the most effective cooling and improves output parameters was studied. As a result of the experiments, it was observed that the cell temperature of the cooled panels was lower than the uncooled reference PV panel. This had a positive effect on the electrical efficiency and increased the efficiency. The most efficient of the cooled panels is the PV panel with 0,15% nanoparticle additived PCM, and its efficiency was calculated as 12,70%.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Elektrik ve Elektronik Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Elektrik ve Elektronik Mühendisliği, Electrical and Electronics Engineering
