Solanum lycopersicum (Domates) bitkisinde ß-aminobutyric acid (BABA)'in tohum priming aktivitesinin ve Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. michiganensis (Cmm)'e karşı etkisinin tespit edilmesi
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Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Siirt Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Dünya nüfusunun giderek artmasından tarımsal alanlarının azalmasına, birçok stres faktörü tarımsal üretimde verim ve kalite kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Tarımsal üretimin verim ve kalitesini artırmak için bitkileri patojenlere karşı korumak gerekir. Tohum-priming, tohumun çimlenmeden önce belirli ön-uygulamalara tabi tutularak çimlenme ve fide gelişiminin iyileştirilmesi uygulamalarıdır. Bitkilerin eşdeğer ve hızlı çimlenmesi ve verimi artırmak için tohum-priming uygulamaları yapılmaktadır. Bitki savunma elisitörleri, bitkiye dışarıdan uygulandıklarında, bitkinin doğal immün (bağışıklık) sistemini uyararak bitkinin güçlenmesini ve bitki zararlılarına karşı daha dayanıklı ve güçlü kalmalarını sağlamaktadır. ?-Aminobutyric Acid (BABA) bu bitki savunma elisitörlerinden biridir. Çalışmamızda BABA'nın -tohum priming uygulamasının domates(Solanum lycopersicum L.) bitkisinde bakteriyel kanser hastalığına neden olan Clavibacter michiganensis ssp michiganensis (Cmm) üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. 12 mM BABA (BABA-Priming) ve kontrol grubu olarak su (Su-Priming) hazırlanarak domates tohumları 72 saat tohum-priming uygulamasına tabi tutulmuştur. Pozitif kontrol olarak normal çimlendirilen domates fideleri kullanılmıştır. Bitki 3-4 yaprak olgunluğuna gelince Cmm ile enfekte edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda, BABA-Priming hastalık şiddetini en fazla azaltan deney grubu olmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra BABA'nın sprey olarak uygulanması yada Su Priming uygulamalarının da kontrole göre erkin bir şekilde koruma sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu baskılamanın moleküler alt yapısının anlaşılması için iki ayrı zaman noktasından (0. saat ve 7.gün) bitki örnekleri alınmış ve bitki bağışıklığı açısından önemli genlerin (NPR1, PAL, PR1, WRKY70, WRKY33b, TPK1b ve PR5 ) traskripsiyonel değişimleri incelenmiştir. qRT-PCR sonuçlarına göre BABA-Priming uygulaması ile NPR1 gen ifadesinin kontrole göre anlamlı düzeyde arttığı görülmüştür. 0. saatte BABA-Priming uygulaması ile NPR1 gen ifadesi yaklaşık 5 kat artmıştır. Ayrıca BABA-priming uygulaması PR1 gen ifadesininde yukarı yönlü uregülasyonunu sağlamıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, tohum priming uygulanan bitkilere dışarıdan BABA spreyinin yapılması (BABA-priming+BABA-Sp) PR1 gen ifadesinin dokuz kat artışını sağlamıştır. Diğer genlerin regülasyonu ile birlikte BABA tohum priming uygulamasının moleküler alt yapısı ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmamızda elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda BABA-tohum priming uygulamasının literatüre katkı sağlayacağı ve bitki koruma açısından olumlu etkilerinin olacağı öngörülmektedir.
Many stress factors cause yield and quality losses in agricultural production, from the increasing world population to the decrease in agricultural areas. In order to increase the yield and quality of agricultural production, it is necessary to protect plants against pathogens. Seed-priming is the practice of improving germination and seedling development by subjecting the seed to certain pre-treatments before germination. Seed-priming applications are made in order to increase the yield and the equivalent and rapid germination of the plants. Plant defense elicitors that stimulate the plant's natural immune system when applied to the plant externally, thereby strengthening the plant and making it more resistant and stronger against plant pests. ?-Aminobutyric Acid (BABA) is one of these plant defense elicitors. In our study, the effect of BABA-seed priming on Clavibacter michiganensis ssp michiganensis (Cmm), which causes bacterial cancer in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), was investigated. Tomato seeds were subjected to seed-priming for 72 hours with 12 mM BABA (BABA-Priming) or water (Su-Priming) as the control group. Normally germinated tomato seedlings were used as positive control. When the plant reached to 3-4 leaf stage, it is infected with Cmm. As a result of the findings, BABA-Priming was the experimental group that reduced the severity of the disease the most. In addition, it has been determined that the application of BABA as a spray or water-priming application provides effective protection compared to the control. In order to understand the molecular mechanism of this suppression, plant samples were taken from two different time points (0h and 7th day) and transcriptional changes of important plant immunity genes (NPR1, PAL, PR1, WRKY70, WRKY33b, TPK1b, and PR5) were examined. According to qRT-PCR results, it was observed that NPR1 gene expression increased significantly with BABA-Priming application compared to control. NPR1 gene expression increased approximately 5 times with BABA-Priming application at the 0th hour. In addition, BABA-priming caused upregulation of PR1 gene expression. In addition, foliar spraying of BABA (BABA-priming+BABA-Sp) to seed primed plants resulted in a nine fold increase in PR1 gene expression. Along with the regulation of other genes, the molecular infrastructure of BABA seed priming has been tried to be revealed. In line with the results obtained in our study, it is predicted that BABA-seed priming application will contribute to the literature and have positive effects in terms of plant protection.
Many stress factors cause yield and quality losses in agricultural production, from the increasing world population to the decrease in agricultural areas. In order to increase the yield and quality of agricultural production, it is necessary to protect plants against pathogens. Seed-priming is the practice of improving germination and seedling development by subjecting the seed to certain pre-treatments before germination. Seed-priming applications are made in order to increase the yield and the equivalent and rapid germination of the plants. Plant defense elicitors that stimulate the plant's natural immune system when applied to the plant externally, thereby strengthening the plant and making it more resistant and stronger against plant pests. ?-Aminobutyric Acid (BABA) is one of these plant defense elicitors. In our study, the effect of BABA-seed priming on Clavibacter michiganensis ssp michiganensis (Cmm), which causes bacterial cancer in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), was investigated. Tomato seeds were subjected to seed-priming for 72 hours with 12 mM BABA (BABA-Priming) or water (Su-Priming) as the control group. Normally germinated tomato seedlings were used as positive control. When the plant reached to 3-4 leaf stage, it is infected with Cmm. As a result of the findings, BABA-Priming was the experimental group that reduced the severity of the disease the most. In addition, it has been determined that the application of BABA as a spray or water-priming application provides effective protection compared to the control. In order to understand the molecular mechanism of this suppression, plant samples were taken from two different time points (0h and 7th day) and transcriptional changes of important plant immunity genes (NPR1, PAL, PR1, WRKY70, WRKY33b, TPK1b, and PR5) were examined. According to qRT-PCR results, it was observed that NPR1 gene expression increased significantly with BABA-Priming application compared to control. NPR1 gene expression increased approximately 5 times with BABA-Priming application at the 0th hour. In addition, BABA-priming caused upregulation of PR1 gene expression. In addition, foliar spraying of BABA (BABA-priming+BABA-Sp) to seed primed plants resulted in a nine fold increase in PR1 gene expression. Along with the regulation of other genes, the molecular infrastructure of BABA seed priming has been tried to be revealed. In line with the results obtained in our study, it is predicted that BABA-seed priming application will contribute to the literature and have positive effects in terms of plant protection.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarımsal Biyoteknoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Biyoteknoloji, Biotechnology, Ziraat
