Yazar "Rajendran, Karthika" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Accumulation and toxicity of arsenic in rice and its practical mitigation
    (Springer International Publishing, 2023) Tennakoon, Asanka; Galahitigama, G.A.H.; Tharindi, P.W.M.; Suthajini, T.; Abeysinghe, N.P.M.; Sandamal, Salinda; Rajendran, Karthika
    Arsenic (As) poisoning in agroecosystem is a major concern globally because rice is a main food source for a vital community in As-polluted areas. This effort is notable for its thorough examination of an extensive series of topics, including the health concerns allied with As disclosure; As sources in soil-rice systems; As toxicity symptoms at various stages of rice growth; As uptake, metabolism, and detoxification; and strategies to reduce As bioaccumulation. Moreover, significant efforts are being made to reduce As accumulation. The effectiveness of mitigation strategies has been thoroughly investigated, with a focus on soil amendments, irrigation management, electrokinetic remediation, exogenous application of chemicals and hormones, phytoremediation, bioremediation, transgenic variety development, and other agronomic techniques. Furthermore, among the various methods currently in use, biotechnology may be a good strategy for reducing As accretion in rice grains. Molecular engineering could be a feasible method for identifying the genes involved in the As metabolic route in plants. Despite this, the majority of these novel approaches are still being researched. As a result, this study explores into As accessibility in paddy soil, the mechanism of plant As uptake, the effects on humans and plants, and remediation approaches for mitigating As accretion. © The Author(s), 2023. All rights reserved.
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    Adaptation strategies for salinity stress in Maize: An overview on exogenous chemical and phyto-microbiome approaches
    (Apple Academic Press, 2024) Sabagh, Ayman El; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Aamiriqbal, Muhammad; Yasmin, Humaira; Zafar, Mohsin; Shafiq, Tayyab; Rajendran, Karthika
    Global warming is the leading cause of soil salinity, which affects the productivity of various crops, including maize. Soil salinity disrupts various physiological and biochemical processes in maize, including photosynthesis, water relations, respiration, stomatal regulation, and biosynthesis of enzymes. Improved performance of maize in saline soils may result from knowledge of the resistance to salt stress and an overview of the management options. Several approaches, alone or in combination have aided in the reduction of the negative effects of salinity by increasing salt tolerance in maize. Exogenous compounds, such as osmoprotectants (OP), polyamines (PA), nitric oxide (NO), and phytohormones, are thought to be the most promising and effective against environmental stresses, and they play critical roles in increasing maize resistance to salt stress. Furthermore, the use of microbes, which have been shown to be capable of reducing abiotic stresses, is a novel and promising method, and the plant microbiome has the ability to promote development and protect the host via a variety of molecular pathways. This chapter provides an overview of the exogenous application of several compounds and phyto-microbiomes that mitigate the negative effects of salt stress on maize. © 2024 Apple Academic Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Climate Change and Global Rice Security
    (wiley, 2022) Wasaya, Allah; Yasir, Tauqeer Ahmad; Sarwar, Naeem; Atique-ur-Rehman; Mubeen, Khuram; Rajendran, Karthika; Hadifa, Adel
    Rice is a first- or second-order staple food in many countries. It is mainly produced and consumed in Asia. There are so many causes of low yield of rice crops in the world. However, abiotic and biotic stresses are major factors for reducing rice yield and quality. The stresses’ share in reducing rice yield across various regions varies greatly. So, in order to adapt to and mitigate climate change, both short-term and long-term approaches are needed for ensuring food security at regional and global levels. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
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    Effect of NaCl on physiological, biochemical, and ionic parameters of naked oat (Avena nuda L.) line Bayou1
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2024) Liu, Liyun; Assaha, Dekoum V. M.; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Rajendran, Karthika; Theivasigamani, Parthasarathi; Soufan, Walid; Ayman, El Sabagh
    Oat (Avena nuda L.) is a globally important cereal crop grown for its nutritious grains and is considered as moderately salt-tolerant. Studying salinity tolerant mechanisms of oats could assist breeders in increasing oat production and their economic income in salt-affected areas, as the total amount of saline land in the world is still increasing. The present study was carried out to better understand the salt tolerance mechanism of the naked oat line Bayou1. A soil experiment was conducted on 17 days-old Bayou1 seedlings treated with varying concentrations of NaCl for a period of 12 days. Bayou1 plants grew optimally when treated with 50 mM NaCl, demonstrating their salinity tolerance. Reduced water uptake, decreased Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, and guaiacol peroxidase activity, as well as increased Na+ concentration in leaves, all contributed to a reduction in shoot growth. However, the damage to ionic homeostasis caused by increased Na+ concentrations and decreased K+ concentrations in the roots of Bayou1 did not inhibit its root growth, indicating that the main salt-tolerant mechanism in Bayou1 existed in its roots. Further, a hydroponic experiment found that increasing Na+ concentration in root cell sap enhanced root growth, while maintaining the integrity of root cell membranes. The accumulated Na+ may have facilitated the root growth of Bayou1 exposed to NaCl by effectively adjusting cellular osmotic potential, thereby ensuring root cell turgor and expansion.