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    Cultivated and Wild Olives in Crete, Greece—Genetic Diversity and Relationships with Major Turkish Cultivars Revealed by SSR Markers.
    (2017) Pakyürek, Mine
    The genetic relationships between and within some traditionally grown cultivars of olive tree (Olea europaea L.) in Greece (island of Crete) and in Turkey were investigated. Cultivars from Crete included ‘Koroneiki’, ‘Throubolia’ and ‘Mastoidis’, while those from Turkey included ‘Samanli’ and ‘Gemlik’. Cultivars were represented by multiple genotypes of aged trees collected from the field, each one complying with established descriptors. Representative genotypes of wild olive trees from Crete were also employed. A total of 112 genotypes were analysed, employing seven microsatellite (SSR) loci yielding a total of 81 alleles, and reaching a cumulative probability of identity of 6.73 × 10−09 with a mean observed heterozygosity of 0.852. Analysis of molecular variance significantly partitioned genetic diversity between and within cultivars, albeit with no appreciable difference between the two levels of diversity. All cultivar genotypes aggregated along single, cultivar-specific clusters, pointing to human-driven selection. The two Turkish cultivars ‘Samanli’ and ‘Gemlik’ were grouped together. The Cretan cultivar ‘Throubolia’ grouped together with the two Turkish cultivars, indicating germplasm movement across the Aegean Sea during historical times. Some gene flow was observed between the Cretan cultivars and the native wild populations (likely feral forms). SSR alleles were ranked for their efficiency in discriminating the examined materials, thus establishing a molecular key for cultivar identification. An identification process is proposed including a classification binary tree and provided a method for sorting any new unknown material purportedly originating from any of the analysed cultivars.
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    Determination of genetic polymorphism among soybean (Glycine max. L. Merrill) cultivars developed in recent years through RAPD markers
    (International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, 2015-01) Pakyürek, Mine; Akçin, Abdülkadir
    Genotype or cultivar identification is the first step to ensure plant breeder’s rights. If registered cultivars or germplasms were not distinguished by any mechanism, then seed production or novel varieties could not be controlled. The RAPD markers are chosen to distinguish seven soybean (Glycine max. L. Merrill) cultivars from each other and to assign the polymorphisms among of them in this study. Eight primers were used and DNA fingerprinting of all cultivars were determined with that primers. According to that fingerprinting all cultivars were distinguished from each other in DNA banding pattern. Using these markers results, similarity index in between soybean cultivars were calculated. Dwight and Maverick were the most similar cultivars (These two cultivars were similar at 0,70 point to each other. ) In addition that Maverick and Defiance cultivars have shown the highest polymorphism rate (These two cultivars were similar at 0,39 point each other).
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    Fuzzy logic applications in horticulture and a sample design for juice volume prediction in pomegranate (Punica Granatuml.)
    (Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 2019) Pakyürek, Mine; Aydın, Yusuf; Mikail, Nazire
    Fuzzy expert systems search for a solution based on the expertise of people who are experts in a particular field. This could be described as a kind of advisory system edited on computer. The use of natural language on the basis of fuzzy logic and easier understanding of system logs provide this technique to resolve many daily and current problems. In this study, a sample expert system to estimate juice volume in pomegranate was designed, using the fuzzy logic method, which closest to the logic of the human mindset. Recording of data was performed on the private farm of the province of Siirt, Turkey. The Fuzzy Logic Interface of MATLAB Program was used in the designing phase of the system. The evaluation of the model was carried out according to coefficient of determination and coefficient of correlation. The model revealed R2 = 80% coefficient of determination, and r = 0.89 coefficient of correlation. With more informative parameters, the error rate can be decreased. Fuzzy logic seems one of the useful tools with prediction purposes in horticulture.
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    Genetic Diversity among Some Asparagus Species using rDNA ITS, cpDNA trnL Intron Sequence and Screening for Antioxidant Activity
    (2019-06-22) Altıntas, Serdar; Pakyürek, Mine; Şensoy, Suat; Erez, Emre; İnal, Behcet
    Three species of genus Asparagus native to Lake Van Basin of Turkey were analyzed using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and cpDNA trnL intron sequence. Furthermore, these species were screened for their antioxidant activity and total phenolic and ?avonoid contents. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS data revealed two clades: the frst clade consisted of Asparagus persicus and Asparagus offcinalis, and clade II consisted of Asparagus palaestinus. Similarly, phylogenetic analysis using trnL intron sequence revealed two clades. In term of total phenolic content and total ?avonoid content, the highest value were measured for acetone extract of Asparagus persicus sample No. 2 and Asparagus persicus sample No. 6, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity using FRAP assay was found for Asparagus persicus sample No. 3. We concluded that these species could be useful for increasing genetic diversity among cultivated species and for breeding.
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    Genetic diversity among some Asparagus species using rDNA ITS, cpDNA trnL intron sequence and screening for antioxidant activity
    (HARD Publishing Company, 2019) Altintas, Serdar; Pakyürek, Mine; Sensoy, Suat; Erez, M. Emre; Inal, Behcet
    Three species of genus Asparagus native to Lake Van Basin of Turkey were analyzed using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and cpDNA trnL intron sequence. Furthermore, these species were screened for their antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS data revealed two clades: the first clade consisted of Asparagus persicus and Asparagus officinalis, and clade II consisted of Asparagus palaestinus. Similarly, phylogenetic analysis using trnL intron sequence revealed two clades. In term of total phenolic content and total flavonoid content, the highest value were measured for acetone extract of Asparagus persicus sample No. 2 and Asparagus persicus sample No. 6, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity using FRAP assay was found for Asparagus persicus sample No. 3. We concluded that these species could be useful for increasing genetic diversity among cultivated species and for breeding. © 2019, HARD Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
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    Genetic Similarity of Pomegranate Genotypes Grown in Siirt Province.
    (2019) Pakyürek, Mine
    Siirt is famous with its pomegranate which is called Zivzik and is an important livelihood of the region. Zivzik pomegranate is a variety registered in 2008 and geographic sign studies are currently underway. Due to the genetic diversity of Siirt region, there are different genotypes not registered there yet. This is the first study carried out to investigate relationship status of Zivzik (Punica granatum L.) and Şirvan pomegranates by constructing the phylogenetic trees. 30 genotypes studied were numbered from 1 to 30 in our experiment. Four of 30 genotypes, which have different fruit characteristics from Zivzik variety, were included in the study. These four genotypes are called as Asili (Genotype 21), sour pomegranate (Genotype 22 and 23) and red pomegranate (Genotype 24). Neighbor Joining (NJ) and Bootstrap analysis were used to generate dendrogram showing the genetic relationship of Zivzik pomegranate, which is the most well-known genetic resource in Southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey. The phylogenetic tree of genotypes indicated that genotypes 9, 18, 21, 6, 24 and 7; genotypes 17, 13, 12, 4 and 3 and genotypes 5, 8, 20, 11, 19, 2 and 27 were substantially similar. Genotypes 29, 16 and 14, in terms of physiological properties, were located at the furthest position on the phylogenetic tree from the other genotypes.
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    Mardin İli Artuklu ve Kızıltepe İlçelerinde Yetiştirilen Yerel Nar (Punica granatum L.) Genotiplerinin Pomolojik Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
    (2019) Öztürk, İlyas; Pakyürek, Mine; Çelik, Ferit
    Bu araştırmada, Mardin ili Artuklu ve Kızıltepe ilçelerinde doğal olarak yetişen, yöre iklimine adapte olmuş, üstün kalite özellikli yerel nar genotiplerine ait pomolojik özelliklerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada 18 genotip üzerinde çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda; meyve ağırlığının, 207,3-689,5 g; meyve boyunun, 65-95,8 mm; meyve eninin, 72,8-108 mm; kaliks uzunluğunun, 12,1-17,9 mm; kaliks yarıçapının, 9,15-22,5 mm; toplam dane ağırlığının, 84-400 g; 100 dane ağırlığının, 25,3-49,4 g; dane randımanının, %40,5-78,4; meyve suyu hacminin ise 78-296 ml arasında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca SÇKM, %15-18; titre edilebilir asit miktarı %0,06-0,69 ve pH’ nın %2,38-3,49 arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bunların yanında genotiplerin kabuk alt zemin rengi, kabuk üst zemin rengi, çekirdek sertliği, meyve tadı, dane rengi, odacık sayıları, odacıkların görünümü, daneleme kolaylığı ve meyve posa ağırlıkları tespit edilmiştir. Tartılı derecelendirme yöntemine göre altı genotipin üstün özellik gösterdiği ve ümitvar olduğu kanaatine varılmıştır.
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    Water-yield relationship of Zivzik pomegranate under deficit irrigation conditions
    (Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture, 2017) Aydın, Yusuf; Mikail, Nazire; Pakyürek, Mine; Saltuk, Burak; Seven, Mehmet
    The Southeastern Anatolia Region meets approximately 10% of Turkey's pomegranate production. Siirt region pomegranate cultivation has a great importance within the region. The production of Zivzik pomegranate, a local variety of the region, was significantly increased in the last 10 years with projects and public contributions. Although there are many problems encountered in pomegranate cultivation, irregularity in irrigation programs that causes cracking in them has a significant value. In this study it was aimed to achieve the irrigation program of Zivzik pomegranate which is especially cultivated in Siirt region. The experiment was carried out in the experimental design of split plots in randomised block design with three replications, the irrigation interval was placed in the main plots, and the irrigation levels were placed in the sub-plots. Each experimental treatment was composed of 4-year-old 15 trees planted at 3x3.5 m intervals, measurements and observations were obtained from 3 trees in the middle of the block. In this study, the inline drip irrigation system was used. In the study carried out, parameters such as yield, irrigation water, plant water consumption and yield response factor were examined, and an attempt to determine the irrigation program was made. The average yield values obtained from the experiment varied between 20.5 kg/subject and 53.7 kg/subject, and no significant difference was found between the treatments as a result of the statistical analysis performed. In the subjects examined, the plant water consumption values varied between 601.5 mm and 902.9 mm, and the amount of irrigation water was determined as 292.6 mm and 585.2 mm. The yield response (Ky) showing the sensitivity of pomegranate to water deficiency was calculated as 1.59.