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Öğe An effective and facile approach for the determination of bioactive components of Rheum ribes in the Kurdish state of Iraq and Siirt region in Turkey(National Library of Serbia, 2025) İbrahim Tegin; Bakhtiyar Mahmood Fattah; Mehmet Fidan; Orhan Acar; Erdal YabalakDeveloping a streamlined and accessible method for identifying the bioactive components of Rheum ribes (rhubarb) holds significant promise in unlocking its therapeutic potential and advancing research in natural medicine. In this study, the bioactive components of rhubarb such as total phenolics and flavonoids as well as the antioxidant activity of its methanolic extract were determined. Total phenolic content was between 84.02 and 387.53 mg/L gallic acid equivalent (GAE) in extracts. Total flavonoid contents determined by the aluminium chloride colorimetric method ranged from 69.98 to 935.75 mg L-1 of routine equivalents (RE) in the extracts. The antioxidant activities were determined using ferric reducing the antioxidant potential (FRAP) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods. In the FRAP assay, the highest antioxidant activity (IC50) was found as 25.18±0.04 mg L-1 extract. In the DPPH method, the maximum percentage inhibition was found as 88.11 %. Iron chelating activities of the samples were above 70 %. The chemical compound contents of the extracts were determined by LC-MS/MS. In this step, a total of 25 phenolic and flavonoid compounds in extracts were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. Malic acid (15.72±0.53 mg kg-1) and rutin (76.93±0.03 mg kg-1) in the extract were identified as the major phytochemicals compounds. The results of the study confirm that rhubarb have potential biological activities and can be introduced as an important sources of natural antioxidants.Öğe Chemical profiling and antioxidant potential of propolis from Pervari, Siirt: discovery of tannic acid and key bioactive compounds(Informa UK Limited, 2025-01-24) Erkan Sırma; Mehmet Fidan; Mesut Gök; İbrahim Tegin; Mustafa Abdullah Yılmaz; Erdal YabalakPropolis, a natural product with remarkable therapeutic potential, has gained attention for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, propolis samples from Sarıyaprak, Kovanağzı, and Çemikari in Pervari, Siirt province, were analysed comprehensively. The evaluation included wax composition, DPPH and FRAP assays, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and pollen analysis. Phytochemical compounds were identified using GC-MS and LC-MS/MS techniques. Among the regions, Çemikari samples exhibited the highest antioxidant activity and phenolic and flavonoid contents, with wax content averaging 60% across all locations. Key compounds identified via RSH-GC/MS included α-pinene, β-pinene, nonadecanal, and nonanal, while GC-MS revealed borneol, sedrenol, and benzyl alcohol. Significant phenolic compounds such as gallic acid, caffeic acid, and tannic acid (reported for the first time in Turkish propolis) were also detected. The high borneol concentration, with its strong anti-inflammatory properties, underscores the unique traits of these samples and their promising antioxidant potential for further research.Öğe Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Anti-Alzheimer Effects of Capsella bursa-pastoris-Polyphenolic Profiling by LC-MS/MS(ACG Publications, 2024-12-26) İlhami Gülçin; Hasan Karageçili; Tuğba Polat; Mustafa Abdullah Yılmaz; Mehmet Fidan; Cengiz KaraismailoğluCapsella bursa-pastoris species of the Capsella herb were examined in this study for sreening of antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-Alzheimer effects. Traditionally, people consumed C. bursa-pastoris against famine and satisfy their hunger. C. bursa-pastoris species have been shown to have utility as food, medicine, and industrial materials after extensive investigation. The antioxidant properties of methanol and water extracts of C. bursa-pastoris species were assessed using; Fe3+-2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine (TPTZ), ferric (Fe3+), and cupric (Cu2+) iobs reducing assays, as well as 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid radical (ABTS•+) and N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DMPD) radical scavenging activities. The antioxidant and reducing capacity of C. bursa-pastoris species aerial parts water and methanol extracts were compared with standard antioxidants. The phenolic and flavonoid contents in methanol and water extracts of C. bursa-pastoris species were measured 6.86 to 12.00 mg GAE/g and 61.67 to 145.0 mg QE/g, respectively. The inhibitions of effects of water and methanol extract of C. bursa-pastoris species against α-amylase, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes were investigated. The IC50 values were found as 168.6 to 238.6 μg/mL against α-amylase and 19.0 to 20.9 μg/mL against AChE. The number of fenolik compounds in both extracts of C. bursa-pastoris species were recorded using LC-MS/MS. The major phenolic and flavonoid components detected in methanol extract of C. bursa-pastoris were quinic acid (22.629 mg/g), chlorogenic acid (3.211 mg/g), rutin (1.930 mg/g), hesperidin (0.893 mg/g), and isoquercitrin (0.783 mg/g). In a similar order, quinic acid (11.356 mg/g), cyranoside (9.463 mg/g), chlorogenic acid (6.072 mg/g), hesperidin (5.912 mg/g), and isoquercitrin (5.364 mg/g) were found as plentyfull pehenolic antioxidants in methanolic extract. The results clearly demonstrated that polyphenolic antioxidants-rich ingredients of the aerial parts of C. bursa-pastoris species are biological phenolic comounds have persuasive usage in the medication of diabetes and Alzheimer's diseases.Öğe Propolis as a functional plant-derived food: antioxidant and anti-cancer properties from Şırnak and Hakkari Regions(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-06-19) Mehmet Fidan; Behcet İnal; Onur Tokgün; Büşra Çelikkaya; İbrahim Teğin; Erdal YabalakThis study evaluates the chemical composition, antioxidant activities, and anti-cancer potential of propolis from 12 key beekeeping regions in Şırnak and Hakkari. Significant variations in phytochemical compounds, such as Chrysin, Caffeic Acid, Kaempferol, Rosmarinic acid, Quercetin-3-D-xyloside, and Quercetin, were identified. These compounds are known for their antioxidant and potential anti-cancer properties. Propolis extracts were obtained using Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane and ethanol, followed by GC–MS and LC–MS/MS analyses to identify volatile and phytochemical compounds. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH and iron chelation assays. The anti-cancer potential of propolis was assessed against lung and breast cancer cell lines by evaluating cell proliferation and determining IC50 values. The findings offer insights into the bioactive properties of the propolis from Şırnak for potential therapeutic applications. Preliminary cytotoxicity tests identified samples 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10 as particularly effective. These samples were tested on lung (HUVEC, A549, H1975) and breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, MCF-10A) at various concentrations, with IC50 values determined using the MTT assay. Propolis samples numbered 5, 7 and 9 showed significant activity in inhibiting cell proliferation and migration in breast cancer cell lines, while samples numbered 5, 7 and 10 were more effective in lung cancer cell lines. These findings underscore the potent antioxidant and anti-cancer properties of propolis, highlighting the significant influence of chemical composition and geographical origin. Further investigations, particularly in vivo and clinical studies, are essential to elucidate its therapeutic potential and underlying anti-cancer mechanisms.Öğe Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of Cymbocarpum widemannii and Their Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, DNA Damaging Activities(Tech Science Press, 2025) Mehmet Fidan; Behcet Inal; Mesut Sırrı; Bülent Hallaç; Ulutas Mehmet SefaThe use of conventional herbal medicines is a rapidly expanding phenomenon in developed nations. For instance, 30%–50% of all drug use in China is attributed to traditional herbal preparations. Current study evaluated the antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP), total phenolic and flavonoid content, antibacterial activity, and DNA damage protective potential of aqueous and methanolic extracts obtained from the aerial parts and roots of Cymbocarpum wiedemannii Boiss., an endemic plant in Turkey. In antioxidant analyses, the methanolic extract of the aerial parts showed the highest %DPPH (73.38) and IC50 (3.46 mg/mL) values. The FRAP analysis revealed the highest iron-reducing capacity in the methanolic extract of the aerial parts (108.10 ± 0.11 mg FeSO4/mL). The aqueous extract of the aerial parts exhibited the highest total phenolic content (1.69 ± 0.02 mg gallic acid/mL), while the methanolic extract of the aerial parts had the highest total flavonoid content (13.53 ± 0.09 mg rutin/mL). Antibacterial activity tests showed no significant effect at a concentration of 1 mg/mL for the samples. DNA protective effects were tested on pBR322 plasmid DNA, demonstrating that both aerial and root extracts could protect DNA from Fenton reaction-induced damage. In conclusion, C. wiedemannii exhibits potential bioactive properties, particularly in terms of its antioxidant and DNA protective effects.
