Yazar "Baran, Mehmet Firat" seçeneğine göre listele

Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 23
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Determination of Energy Balance and Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG) of Cotton Cultivation in Turkey: A Case Study from Bismil District of Diyarbakir Province
    (Univ Namik Kemal, 2021) Baran, Mehmet Firat; Gokdogan, Osman; Bayhan, Yilmaz
    In this study, the energy balance and Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG) of cotton cultivation in Bismil district of Diyarbakir province in Turkey was defined. The energy balance and GHG of cotton cultivation was computed by conducting face to face surveys with 73 farms in the 2018-2019 cultivation season, which were selected by simple random sampling method. The energy input and output in cotton cultivation were computed as 54 617.62 MJ ha(-1) and 65 984.42 MJ ha(-1), respectively. Energy inputs occurs of electricity energy with 18 608.40 MJ ha(-1) (34.06%), chemical fertilizers energy with 15 254.67 MJ ha(-1) (27.93%), diesel fuel energy with 14 364.68 (26.30%), irrigation water energy with 3 559.50 MJ ha(-1) (6.53%), machinery energy with 1 152.79 MJ ha(-1) (2.11%), chemicals energy with 1 075.76 MJ ha(-1) (1.96%), seed energy with 307.98 MJ ha(-1) (0.57%), human labour energy with 293.84 MJ ha(-1) (0.54%), respectively. Total energy inputs in cotton cultivation can be classified as 67.43% direct, 32.57% indirect, 7.62% renewable and 92.38% non-renewable. Energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy in cotton cultivation were computed as 1.21, 9.77 MJ kg(-1), 0.10 kg MJ(-1) and 11 366.80 MJ ha(-1), respectively. Total GHG emissions were computed as 6 482.36 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1) for cotton cultivation with the greatest input part for electricity with 47.94% (3 107.60 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1)). The electricity followed up nitrogen with 16.29% (1 055.67 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1)), irrigation water with 14.82% (960.50 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1)), diesel fuel with 10.86% (704.08 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1)), seed with 3.07% (199.14 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1)), chemicals with 2.28% (147.76 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1)), phosphorous with 1.78% (115.64 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1)), human labour with 1.62% (104.94 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1)), machinery with 1.26% (81.85 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1)) and potassium with 0.08% (5.18 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1)), respectively. Additionally, GHG ratio value was computed as 1.16 kgCO(2-eq)kg(-1) in cotton cultivation.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Determination of Energy Balance in Paddy Production (Example of Osmancık District of Çorum Province)
    (Univ Namik Kemal, 2024) Hacioglu, Harun; Altuntas, Ebubekir; Baran, Mehmet Firat
    In this study, It is aimed to determine the energy efficiency of production by determining the energy inputs and outputs used in paddy production in Osmancik District of & Ccedil;orum province. 166 enterprises from 8 villages were interviewed face-to-face with the survey method in order to determine the energy parameters of paddy production in the enterprises in Osmancik district of & Ccedil;orum province in the production season of 2020-2021. The simple random sampling method was used to determine survey volume. These enterprises were classified as 5.00-30.00, 30.01-60.00, 60.01-90.00 and 90.01-110.00 according to their sizes. Depending on the findings and efficiency indicators determined as a result of the study, solution suggestions were given for the improvement of the current production. Inputs in the calculation of energy use in paddy production included human labor, agricultural machinery, electricity, fuel -oil, chemical fertilizers, chemical pesticides, irrigation and seed inputs. In the results, the total input and output energy in paddy production were determined as 275 729.24 MJh & aacute; 1 and 534 472.11 MJh & aacute; 1 , respectively, for Osmancik district. The highest energy inputs were determined as irrigation (31.56%), fuel -oil (30.55%), electricity (18.73%) and chemical pesticide energy (6.84). The energy ratio and energy productivity in rice farming were determined as 2.17 and 0.13 kgMJ -1 , respectively. In terms of the results, irrigation with the application of flood irrigation and the use of electric pumps had an important place in paddy agriculture. It is thought that the measures that can be taken by taking into account the parameters that reduce the energy rate and energy profitability, primarily enterprise -based, within the framework of energy efficiency parameters in the production system implemented by the paddy producers in the Osmancik district of & Ccedil;orum will contribute to the more effective use of production inputs. In addition, the inclusion of spraying with drone, which is a technological use, to the calculations as an input is an important step in energy calculations. In irrigation, which is the highest consumption input among inputs, energy efficiency can be increased by reducing the amount of inputs for the protection of resources with efficient irrigation.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Determination of Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions in Organic Almond Production in Turkey
    (Springer, 2020) Baran, Mehmet Firat; Eren, Omer; Gokdogan, Osman; Oguz, Halil Ibrahim
    The purpose of this study is to make the energy efficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of organic almond production. This study was performed for 2016 production season in Adiyaman province of Turkey in 2017. The data provided from study were collected from 93 different farms by face to face surveys with full count method. The agricultural input energies and output energies used in organic almond production were calculated to determine the energy efficiency analysis. According to the research findings, the energy inputs in organic almond production were calculated respectively as 7320.30 & x202f;MJ ha(-1)(37.21%) diesel fuel energy, 5421.17 & x202f;MJ ha(-1)(27.56%) machinery energy, 3818.86 & x202f;MJ ha(-1)(19.41%) human labour energy, 1632 & x202f;MJ ha(-1)(8.30%) irrigation energy, 1344 & x202f;MJ ha(-1)(6.83%) farmyard manure energy, 128.15 & x202f;MJ ha(-1)(0.65%) organic chemicals energy and 5.94 & x202f;MJ ha(-1)(0.03%) lime energy. Total input energy was calculated as 19,670.42 & x202f;MJ ha(-1). Energy values of organic almond yield were calculated as 39,811.80 & x202f;MJ ha(-1). Energy efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy calculations were calculated respectively as 2.02, 14.05 & x202f;MJ kg(-1), 0.07 & x202f;kg MJ(-1)and 20,141.38 & x202f;MJ ha(-1). The consumed total energy input in organic almond production could be classified as 64.93% direct, 35.07% indirect, 34.54% renewable and 65.46% non-renewable. Total GHG emission was calculated as 2518.46 & x202f;kg CO(2-eq)ha(-1)for organic almond production with the greatest portions for human labour (54.16%). The human labour followed up machine usage (15.28%), diesel fuel consumption (14.25%), water consumption of irrigation (10.80%), farmyard manure usage (5.16%), organic chemicals usage (0.34%) and lime usage (0.02%), respectively. Additionally, GHG ratio value was calculated as 1.80 & x202f;kg CO(2-eq)kg(-1)in organic almond production.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Determination of Energy Production Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Emission of Strawberry Production (The Case of Batman Province)
    (Springer, 2024) Baran, Mehmet Firat; Ruzgar, Muslum; Bayhan, Yilmaz
    The aim of this study was to determine energy use and greenhouse gas emission in strawberry production in Batman Province, Turkey, and its districts. The main material of the study was the data obtained from 189 strawberry producers in Batman province and its districts by survey method. The average strawberry yield in the research area was found to be 36,846.37 kg/ha. Total energy input in strawberry production was found to be 47,060.93 MJ/ha and energy output was found to be 70,008.10 MJ/ha. In strawberry production, energy use efficiency was 1.48, energy productivity was 0.78 kg/MJ, specific energy was 1.28 MJ/kg and net energy was 22,947.17 MJ/ha. The shares of direct, indirect, renewable and non-renewable energy sources were as 38.57%, 61.43%, 18.92% and 81.08%, respectively. Total greenhouse gas emission was determined as 3155.56 kgCO2eq ha-1 and greenhouse gas emission rate was determined as 0.086 kgCO2eqkg-1. It was concluded that fertilizer input had the highest share in strawberry input energy equivalents and greenhouse gas emissions. Since the energy use efficiency is higher than 1, it is possible to say that the inputs are used efficiently, but this ratio can be increased by using more efficient inputs.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Determination of Energy Use Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions of Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) Production in Turkey (A Case Study in Adiyaman Province)
    (Springer, 2022) Baran, Mehmet Firat
    The purpose of this research was to perform the energy efficiency and GHG emissions of persimmon production. The data supplied from research were collected from 72 different farms by face to face surveys with simple random sampling method. According to the research findings, the energy inputs in persimmon production were computed respectively as 20,950.42 MJ ha(-1) (44.04%) chemical fertilizers, 6370.74 MJ ha-1 (13.39%) chemicals energy, 5200.08 MJ ha(-1) (10.93%) human labour energy, 3479.76 MJ ha(-1) (7.31%) machinery energy, 3376.80 MJ ha(-1) (7.10%) electricity energy, 3029.48 MJ ha(-1) (6.37%) diesel fuel energy, 2608.20 MJ ha(-1) (5.48%) irrigation water energy and 2556.00 MJ ha(-1) (5.37%) farmyard manure energy. Energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy calculations were computed respectively as 1.57, 1.21 MJ kg(-1), 0.82 kg MJ(-1) and 26,908.52 ha(-1). The consumed total energy input in persimmon production can be classified as 29.88% direct, 70.12% indirect, 21.79% renewable and 78.21% non-renewable. Total GHG emissions were calculated as 4440.00 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1). The results of the study showed that the share of human labor in total GHG emissions was the highest (1857.17 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1)), chemical fertilizier (1698.85 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1)) and herbicide (1177.35 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1)) held the second and third.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Determination of Energy Use Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions of Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Production in Adiyaman Province
    (Springer, 2022) Gokdogan, Osman; Baran, Mehmet Firat; Eren, Omer; Oguz, Halil Ibrahim
    The purpose of this research is to perform the energy use efficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of pistachio production. This research was performed for 2016 and 2017 production season in Adiyaman province of Turkey in dry conditions in 2017. The data supplied from research were collected from 152 different farms by face to face surveys with simple random sampling method. The agricultural input energies and output energies used in pistachio production were computed to determine the energy use efficiency. According to the research findings, the energy inputs in pistachio production were computed respectively as 4561.11 MJ ha(-1) (35.50%) diesel fuel energy, 3206.24 MJ ha(-1) (24.96%) chemical fertilizers energy, 2420.93 MJ ha(-1) (18.84%) machinery energy, 1020.06 MJ ha(-1) (7.94%) human labour energy, 715.69 MJ ha(-1) (5.57%) animal labour energy, 656.95 MJ ha(-1) (5.11%) farmyard manure energy and 266.16 MJ ha(-1) (2.07%) chemicals energy. Total input energy was computed as 12,847.14 MJ ha(-1). Energy values of pistachio yield were computed as 15,008.65 MJ ha(-1). Energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy computations were computed respectively as 1.17, 22.32 MJ kg(-1), 0.04 kg MJ(-1) and 2161.51 MJ ha(-1). The consumed total energy input in pistachio production can be classified as 49.01% direct, 50.99% indirect, 18.62% renewable and 81.38% non-renewable. Total GHG emission was computed as 1123.72 kg CO(2-eq)ha(-1) for pistachio production with the greatest portions for human labour (32.42%). The human labour followed up chemical fertilizers usage (23.21%), diesel fuel consumption (19.89%), machinery usage (15.30%), farmyard manure usage (5.65%), chemicals usage (3.25%) and animal labour usage (0.27%), respectively. Additionally, GHG ratio value was computed as 1.95 kgCO(2-eq)kg(-1) in pistachio production.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    DETERMINATION OF ENERGY UTILIZATION EFFICIENCY AND GREENHOUSE GAS (GHG) EMISSIONS FOR FORAGE PEA PRODUCTION AT MUS PROVINCE IN TURKEY
    (Pakistan Botanical Soc, 2023) Turan, Nizamettin; Seydosoglu, Seyithan; Baran, Mehmet Firat; Demir, Cihan
    The study's goal is to assess the energy balance of fodder pea crop production.and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission under Mus conditions, Turkey in 2020. Basic information such as the economic life of the instruments and machines utilized in the study, work success, fuel-oil consumption, machine weights and the amount of used fertilizer and seed were obtained by current measurements, from other studies, various sources and catalogs. The evaluations resulted in the determined energy output/input ratio, the specific energy value, and energy productivity. and the net energy efficiency values for feed pea crop production were 5.10, 3.65 MJ kg-1, 0.27 kg MJ-1 and 35636.85 MJ ha-1, respectively. The fertilizer energy had the highest energy utilization rate of the overall energy inputs for feed pea production, with 31.35%.. This was followed by seed energy with 25.77%, fuel energy with 21.40%, machine energy with 14.93% and human energy with 6.55%, respectively. Total GHG emission for forage pea crop production was calculated as 1533.81 kgCO2-eqha-1. The highest share in total GHG emissions was at seedconsumption (59.69%). The seed was followed by human labor (13.23%), nitrogen fertilizer consumption (9.12%), phosphate fertilizer consumption (6.02%), machinery use (6.0%) and diesel fuel consumption (5.94%). Furthermore, the GHG ratio in the production of fodder pea crops was calculated to be 0.65 kgCO2-eqkg-1. As a result, fertilizer energy had the biggest share of production inputs, followed by seed, fuel, machinery, and human labor energies, respectively. Total GHG emission and the GHG ratio was calculated as 1533.81 kgCO2-eqha-1 and 0.65 kgCO2-eqkg-1, respectively.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY EXPENSES ON TOTAL COST IN PEANUT PRODUCTION: (A CASE STUDY ADANA PROVINCE)
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2020) Baran, Mehmet Firat
    In this study, it is aimed to present an economic analysis of peanut production in Adana province in 2017 and 2018 conditions and to determine the share of inputs of agricultural machinery in total inputs. Values of economic analysis consisted of input and income calculations, Agricultural machinery inputs consist of calculations for tillage, sowing maintenance and harvesting. These calculations are based on the rental of all tools and machines, According to the results of the study, the net income for peanut production in 2017 was calculated as 622.76 TL/ da, and the profitability rate was 1.47, while the net income for 2018 was 464,11 TL/ da and the profitability rate was 1.29. While the inputs of agricultural machinery were calculated as 481.62 TL da-1 in 2017. this value was 576.54 TL/ da in 2018. Among the inputs of agricultural machinery, the highest values were sowing-maintenance expenditures.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Determination of the energy usage efficiency in egg chicken reared
    (Parlar Scientific Publications, 2019) Gokdogan, Osman; Baran, Mehmet Firat
    This study was performed with the purpose of determining the energy usage efficiency of egg chicken reared. To achieve this study, the energy input-output of 1000 egg chickens reared was calculated. This study was done an egg chicken's farm in Isparta province of Turkey. The energy input and output were calculated as 588779.56 MJ/1000 chickens and 1107962.30 MJ/1000 chickens in egg chicken reared. The composition of energy inputs was 88.51% (521,147 MJ/1000 chickens) feed energy, 8.24% (48,507 MJ/1000 chickens) fuel energy, 1.71% (10,054.80 MJ/1000 chickens) electricity energy, 1.01% (5967.81 MJ/1000 chickens) machinery energy, 0.37% (2,165.80 MJ/1000 chickens) human labour energy, 0.08% (464.85 MJ/1000 chickens) chicken's energy, 0.07% (392.92 MJ/1000 chickens) transportation energy and 0.01% (79.38 MJ/1000 chickens) water energy. Energy usage efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy and net energy for egg chicken reared were calculated as 1.88, 0.03 kg MJ-1, 31.63 MJ kg- 1 and 519182.74 MJ/1000 chickens, respectively. Feed energy was determined as the highest ratio (88.51%) of total energy input. According to study results, egg chicken reared can be accepted as economic in terms of energy usage efficiency. © by PSP.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Determining the Awareness Levels of Vine Growers in Mardin Province with Regards to Crop-Protection Practises
    (Springer, 2021) Kaplan, Mehmet; Baran, Mehmet Firat
    This study has been conducted in 2019 with the purpose of determining the awareness levels of vine-growers in crop protection practices in Savur district of Mardin province where vine-growing is highly common. With this in mind, 5 villages have been randomly selected from each district, on the basis of simple random sampling, and data have been acquired from 75 growers in 15 villages through a 20-question questionnaire and the results have been assessed as a percentage ratio. It has been observed that vine growers are highly educated, most of them have non-agricultural income and their income level is above hunger-limit. When it comes to pesticide selection and determining pesticide dosage, vine growers receive recommendations from vendors and District Directorate of Agriculture and Forestry. Further to this, it has also been observed that brand and active substance are important factors in pesticide selection, they do not continuously use the same pesticide against the same disease and pest, they perform disinfestation before any disease or pest appears, they apply the recommended dosage, the pesticides they use leave residue on the products, they observe the waiting time between disinfestation and harvest, they use protective garment and mask during disinfestation, they dispose the empty pesticide boxes in a careful manner, they clean the disinfestation tool but they use it without any calibration, they make a mixture of the pesticides, they prefer cultural disinfestation in addition to chemical disinfestation and they are not aware of the term bio-pesticide. With regards to overcoming crop protection issues, growers generally prefer chemical weeding but careless pesticide practices bring along several adversities in terms of human and nature health.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Effects of Vermicompost and Liquid Biogas Fertilizer Application on Plant Nutrition of Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)
    (Springer, 2021) Koc, Burcu; Belliturk, Korkmaz; Celik, Ahmet; Baran, Mehmet Firat
    In this study the effects of vermicompost and liquid biogas fertilizer applications (Eco Fertilizer and Vermis Vermicompost) were investigated, which are important organic compounds under Tekirdag climate conditions, on some nutrient content of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) seedlings. BS (biogas liquid fertilizer) and SS (irrigation water) were used for the irrigation of the saplings in certain periods. This research was designed to clean-up through an environmentally friendly techniques. According to the soil and plant analysis results obtained, the soils were determined as clay loam texture, slightly alkaline, salt-free, low in lime and calcareous. In terms of plant nutrients, positive increases were observed in N, P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu elements especially in BS applications with increasing doses of vermicompost. N values determined in the average plant nutrient contents of the applications varied between 1.89-2.64% and the highest value was obtained from BS application with 2.64% of vermicompost application in the 3rd trial (VC(3)MG(0)). Phosphorus also reached the highest value with 0.30% in the BS application of the 3rd trial (VC(3)MG(0)), and the highest nutrient content in the calcium element was detected as 2.80% in the BS application (VC(1.5)MG(0.75)) of the 6th trial. It was observed that the increasing vermicompost dose increased the Fe ratio in the leaf by 175 mg kg(-1) above the limit value. In general, the average nutrient values of the areas where irrigation water (SS) was applied were found to be 11.2-34.1% lower than the biogas liquid waste fertilizer (BS) applications. It was observed that the plant nutrient contents of the fertilizer applications were statistically significant (P <= 0.05). It has been determined that it has no significant effect on K element.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Energy Balance and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions of Organic Fig (Ficus carica L.) Production in Turkey
    (Springer, 2022) Oguz, Halil Ibrahim; Baran, Mehmet Firat; Gokdogan, Osman; Eren, Omer; Solak, Mehmet
    This study was conducted in an organic fig farm in the 2017 production season in Adiyaman, Tut, at the Southeast Anatolia in Turkey. According to the findings, the energy inputs of organic fig production were calculated respectively as 2217.57 MJ ha(-1) (38.07%) human labour energy, 2025 MJ ha(-1) (34.76%) farmyard manure energy, 858.73 MJ ha(-1) (14.74%) diesel fuel energy, 545.29 MJ ha(-1) (9.36%) machinery energy, 79.72 MJ ha(-1) (1.37%) electricity energy, 49.56 MJ ha(-1) (0.85%) transportation energy and 49.30 MJ ha(-1) (0.85%) irrigation water energy. The energy yield of organic fig was calculated as 12,900 MJ ha(-1). The energy output-input ratio, specific energy, energy productivity, and net energy calculations were calculated as 2.21, 1.08 MJ kg(-1), 0.92 kg MJ(-1), and 7074.83 MJ ha(-1), respectively. Total input energy consumption in organic fig production was classified as 55.02% direct, 44.98% indirect, 73.67% renewable, and 26.33% non-renewable. Total GHG emission was calculated as 1109.02 kgCO(2-eq)ha(-1). The most significant portion was human labor (71.41%). The second most significant value was farmyard manure usage (17.65%), and others were as follows: diesel fuel consumption (3.80%), machinery usage (3.49%), electricity consumption (2.38%), water consumption of irrigation (1.20%) and transportation (0.07%). Additionally, GHG ratio value was calculated as 0.21 kgCO(2-eq)kg(-1) in organic fig.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Energy Balance and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Cherry Production in Turkey
    (Springer, 2024) Gokdogan, Osman; Demir, Cihan; Baran, Mehmet Firat
    The aim of this study was to determine the energy use efficiency (EUE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in cherry production in K & imath;rklareli province of Turkey. It is also aimed to increase the EUE and reduce GHG emission. Furthermore, this comprehensive study conducted in K & imath;rklareli province of Turkey will contribute to the literature. Observation, survey and data calculations are from the 2020-2021 season. Data provided in the study were acquired from 50 (reachable) farms by conducting face-to-face surveys with complete count method in 2022. This study included calculations of energy input (EI), energy output (EO), EUE, specific energy (SE), energy productivity (EP), net energy (NE), EI types, GHG emission and GHG ratio. EI and EO were calculated as 14,934.30 MJ/ha and 14,234.67 MJ/ha, respectively. Among all the energy inputs, the greatest share belong to chemical fertilisers by 34.49%. EUE, SE, EP and NE were calculated as 0.95, 3.07 MJ/kg, 0.33 kg/MJ and -699.62 MJ/ha, respectively. The consumed total EI in production has been classified as 52.94% direct energy (DE), 47.06% indirect energy (IDE), 45.94% renewable energy (RE) and 54.06% non-renewable (NRE). Total GHG emissions and GHG ratio were calculated as 295.48 kgCO2-eq/ha and 0.06 kgCO2-eq/kg, respectively. Increasing the ratio of RE by using farmyard manure and organic manure rather than chemical fertilisers is important to increase the EUE and reduce GHG emission levels. In order to reduce emission quantities, it is necessary to increase the use of RE inputs. These proposals considered in cherry production can increase EUE and reduce GHG emission.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Energy Consumption in Alfalfa Production: A Comparison Between Harvesting Systems
    (Univ Namik Kemal, 2023) Gungormez, Muttalip; Tan, Fulya; Baran, Mehmet Firat
    The purpase of this study was to determine the amount of input-output energy used in different harvest systems in baled alfalfa hay production in Tekirdag province, Turkey. Data were collected from 176 alfalfa farms in 2019-2020. The simple random sampling method was used to determine survey volume. Harvesting systems consisting of different tool-machine combinations are used in alfalfa production. The capacities and features of the machines used are quite different from each other. In harvesting systems; baler type (rectangular/round), number and frequency of use of the conditioner rake were taken into account. Therefore, the studied population was divided into six groups based on different harvesting systems (H/1-6). In addition, according to the number of mowing (1,2,3,4,5,6); The energy consumption of the harvesting systems used was determined. While alfalfa production was taken into consideration in the first cutting process, the applications made after the cutting process were taken into account in the single mowing process. Results showed that the energy use efficiency, energy productivity and net energy varied according to the type of bale machine used and the number of conditioners. The total energy input and output in harvesting systems was highly variable. The highest share of input energy was recorded for diesel fuels-oil ( 38.77%) and N fertilizer ( 24.89%). The fuel energy of 3244.57 MJha(-1) was calculated in the H6 system for the highest amount of fuel used per unit area. Due to the increase in the number of use of conditioner equipment and the number of mowing, energy consumption has also increased. When mowing six times; 1248.57 MJha(-1) machine energy consumption was calculated in the harvesting system using rectangular baler, and 1751.07 MJha(-1) machine energy consumption in the harvesting system using round baler. The highest total energy input (first cutting) was 8179.41 MJha(-1), 8377.54 MJha(-1) in the systems using round baler (H5-H6). The lowest specific energy was calculated 2.94 MJkg(-1), 3.17 MJkg(-1) in the systems using rectangular baler (H3-H4).
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Energy Input-Output Analysis of Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Production in Turkey A Case Study from Siirt Province
    (Springer, 2022) Uzun, Tuba; Baran, Mehmet Firat
    In this study, in which good agricultural practices were applied, energy-use efficiency in grape production was determined. The study was conducted in the Siirt province of Turkey. Experiments and research data values are based on the 2020 growing season. The main data used in this research, including economic life, labor success, fuel oil consumption, machine weights of the tools and machines used in grape production, and fertilizer and seedling amounts were obtained from existing calculations, other studies, and various sources. Energy use efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy, and net energy in grapes were computed as 10.94, 0.92 kg MJ(-1), 1.08 MJ kg(-1), and 191,597.23 MJ ha(-1), respectively. Fertilizer energy had the highest share among all energy inputs by 49.66%. It was followed by 17.15% for machinery energy, 14.70% for diesel fuel energy, 7.57% for spraying energy, 7.10% for irrigation water energy, and 3.83% for human labor energy.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Energy use efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) analysis of garlic cultivation in Turkey
    (Chinese Acad Agricultural Engineering, 2023) Baran, Mehmet Firat; Demir, Cihan; Elicin, Ahmet Konuralp; Gokdogan, Osman
    This study has been conducted with the purpose of determining energy use efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions of garlic cultivation during the 2020-2021 cultivation season in Adiyaman province of Turkey. Questionnaires, observations and field works were performed in 134 garlic farms in the region through simple random method. In garlic cultivation, energy input was calculated as 32 103.20 MJ/hm2 and energy output was calculated as 30 096 MJ/hm2. With regards to the three highest inputs in garlic production, 46.66% of the energy inputs consisted of chemical fertilizers energy (14 979.26 MJ/hm2), 11.29% consisted of farmyard manure energy (3625.71 MJ/hm2) and 10.48% consisted of human labour energy (3363.36 MJ/hm2). Energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy in garlic cultivation were calculated as 0.94, 1.71 MJ/kg, 0.59 kg/MJ, and -2007.20 MJ/hm2, respectively. The total energy input consumed in garlic cultivation was classified as 27.19% direct energy, 72.81% indirect energy, 35.17% renewable energy and 64.87% non-renewable energy. Total GHG emissions and GHG ratio were calculated as 8636.60 kg CO2-eq/hm2 and 0.46 kg CO2-eq/kg, respectively.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Enhancing Iron Content in Potatoes: a Critical Strategy for Combating Nutritional Deficiencies
    (Springer, 2024) Mushtaq, Zain; Alasmari, Abdulrahman; Demir, Cihan; Oral, Muekerrem Atalay; Belliturk, Korkmaz; Baran, Mehmet Firat
    Despite recent advances in the prevention and control of nutritional deficiencies, estimates suggest that over two billion individuals worldwide are at risk for vitamin A, iodine and/or iron insufficiency. Pregnant women and small children are most at risk, and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa have very high incidence rates. Concerning public health are deficits in zinc, folate and the B vitamins, among other micronutrients. Micronutrient malnutrition, often referred to as hidden hunger, represents one of humanity's most pressing challenges. Iron deficiency anaemia affects more individuals globally than any other prevalent disorder. However, iron supplementation can exacerbate infectious diseases, necessitating careful evaluation of iron therapy policies. In this review, we explore biofortification strategies to combat hidden hunger, considering recent medical and nutritional advancements. Enhancing iron content in edible plant parts can improve human nutrient status through crop consumption. Mineral and vitamin density in staple foods, particularly for impoverished populations, can be increased using traditional plant breeding or transgenic approaches, collectively known as biofortification. Microbial iron biofortification is especially valuable in developing countries where expensive supplements are unaffordable. Additionally, the current COVID-19 pandemic underscores the need for a robust immune system, with iron playing a crucial role in immune function enhancement.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Greenhouse gas emission and energy analysis of vetch (Vicia sativa L.) cultivation
    (Elsevier, 2023) Seydosoglu, Seyithan; Baran, Mehmet Firat; Turan, Nizamettin; Alfarraj, Saleh; Albasher, G.
    Background: Agricultural production accounts for a major share of global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). However, the information on energy use and GHG emissions from various crops is contradictory. Climate change is expected to increase the GHG emission from different crops; therefore, selection of the crops with lower GHG emission could be helpful in reducing the emission and energy consumption. A major focus of energy policy should be on improving energy efficiency. Saving money and lowering GHG emissions are only two benefits of using energy efficiently. However, these are unknown for the vetch cultivation in Siirt province of Turkey. Methods: This study investigated energy consumption efficiency and GHG emissions of vetch (Vicia sativa L.) production under dry circumstances in Siirt province, Turkey during 2021. Seed rate was kept 120 kg/ ha in the current study. The amount of fertilizer applied was 92.0 kg/ha pure phosphorus and 36.0 kg/ha pure nitrogen. To calculate the energy efficiency of vetch production in Siirt, energy inputs and energy outputs were computed. Results: The energy intake and output were 8205.02 MJ/ha and 90388.56 MJ/ha, respectively. The energy inputs were: 37.1 % diesel fuel energy, 31.2 % fertilizer energy, 21.2 % seed energy, 9.6 % equipment energy, and 0.9 % labor energy. The results revealed that energy consumption efficiency was 11.02, specific energy was 0.34 MJ/kg, energy efficiency was 2.90 kg/MJ, and net energy was 82183.54 MJ/ha in vetch production. Total GHG emissions from vetch production was 205.19 kgCO2-eq ha-1, with diesel fuel accounting for the lion's share (72.88 %). Diesel fuel was followed by the consumption of nitrogen fertilizer (26.33 %), phosphorous (0.47 %) and machinery (0.42 %). Additionally, GHG ratio was 0.009 kg CO2-eq kg-1 in vetch production. Conclusion: It is concluded that encouraging the farmers to produce vetch as an alternative to the production of conventional forage crops and rotation in fodder production will be beneficial. It will reduce GHG emissions with lesser energy consumption. (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Investigation on energy use efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) of onion cultivation
    (Parlar Scientific Publications, 2021) Ozbek, Osman; Gokdogan, Osman; Baran, Mehmet Firat
    In this study, the energy of inputs and output used by the farms cultivating onion in Adiyaman province in Turkey were determined. The inputs were classified into direct, indirect, renewable and non-renewable energy types. Energy output-input ratio, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy calculations were done for calculating energy use efficiency. In the study, questionnaire, observation, and calculation methods were used. Survey, observation and study data calculations include the 2018 production season. The data supplied from study were collected from 20 different farms (can be reached) by face to face survey with full count method. Energy inputs in onion cultivation were calculated as 22463.52 MJ ha-1, energy output was calculated as 49704 MJ ha-1. 60.43% of the energy inputs included of chemical fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium) energy (13574.55 MJ ha-1), 15.34% included of human labour energy (3445.07 MJ ha-1), 12.05% included of diesel fuel energy (2706.82 MJ ha1), 6.44%o included of machinery energy (1446.98 MJ ha-1), 3.02% included of irrigation water energy (679.30 MJ ha-1), 1.71% included of chemicals energy (384.56 MJ ha-1) and 1.01% included of seed energy (226.23 MJ ha-1) in onion cultivation. Energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy in onion cultivation were calculated as 2.21, 0.72 MJ kg-1, 1.38 kg MJ"1 and 27240.48 MJ ha-1, respectively. The consumed total energy input in onion production can be classified as 30.41%) direct, 60.59%) indirect, 19.37%o renewable and 80.63%) non-renewable. Total GHG emissions were calculated as 2920.73 kgCO2-eqha-1 for onion cultivation with the greatest input part for human labour usage (42.13%). The human labour usage followed up chemical fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium) usage (37.71%o), irrigation water usage (6.28%), diesel fuel usage (4.54%), seed usage (4.02%), machinery usage (3.52%) and chemicals usage (1.81%), respectively. Additionally, GHG ratio value was calculated as 0.094 kgCO2-eqkg-1 in onion cultivation. © by PSP
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    INVESTIGATION ON ENERGY USE EFFICIENCY AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS (GHG) OF ONION CULTIVATION
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2021) Ozbek, Osman; Gokdogan, Osman; Baran, Mehmet Firat
    In this study, the energy of inputs and output used by the farms cultivating onion in Adiyaman province in Turkey were determined. The inputs were classified into direct, indirect, renewable and non-renewable energy types. Energy output-input ratio, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy calculations were done for calculating energy use efficiency. In the study, questionnaire, observation, and calculation methods were used. Survey, observation and study data calculations include the 2018 production season. The data supplied from study were collected from 20 different farms (can be reached) by face to face survey with full count method. Energy inputs in onion cultivation were calculated as 22463.52 MJ ha(-1), energy output was calculated as 49704 MJ ha(-1). 60.43% of the energy inputs included of chemical fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium) energy (13574.55 MJ ha(-1)), 15.34% included of human labour energy (3445.07 MJ he), 12.05% included of diesel fuel energy (2706.82 MJ ha(-1)), 6.44% included of machinery energy (1446.98 MJ he), 3.02% included of irrigation water energy (679.30 MJ ha(-1)), 1.71% included of chemicals energy (384.56 MJ he) and 1.01% included of seed energy (226.23 MJ ha(-1)) in onion cultivation. Energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy in onion cultivation were calculated as 2.21, 0.72 MJ kg(-1), 1.38 kg MJ(-1) and 27240.48 MJ ha(-1), respectively. The consumed total energy input in onion production can be classified as 30.41% direct, 60.59% indirect, 19.37% renewable and 80.63% non-renewable. Total GHG emissions were calculated as 2920.73 kgCO(2).eqhe for onion cultivation with the greatest input part for human labour usage (42.13%). The human labour usage followed up chemical fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium) usage (37.71%), irrigation water usage (6.28%), diesel fuel usage (4.54%), seed usage (4.02%), machinery usage (3.52%) and chemicals usage (1.81%), respectively. Additionally, GHG ratio value was calculated as 0.094 kgCO(2).eqkg(-1) in onion cultivation.