Yazar "Aytekin, Ibrahim" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Exploring the integration of thermal imaging technology with the data mining algorithms for precise prediction of honey and beeswax yield
    (Wiley, 2024) Kibar, Mustafa; Altay, Yasin; Aytekin, Ibrahim
    Sustainability in beekeeping depends on identifying the factors affecting honey and beeswax yields (HY and BWY) - key products - and accurately predicting these yields. Therefore, this study aimed to predict HY and BWY using a classification and regression tree (CART), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Random Forest (RF) algorithms, and thermal image processing in Apis mellifera. In this study, 13 colonies of 6 different breeds raised in 10-frame Langstroth hives were used. The effects of independent variables were predicted using data mining algorithms and 15 performance metrics for the effectiveness of the algorithms. Colony power (CP), thermal temperatures (Tmin, Tmax, and Tmean), breed, a*, b*, red, green, saturation, and brightness impacted HY and BWY in different algorithms, but not birth year of queen, L, hue and blue. As a result, XGBoost, CART, and RF demonstrated high predictive performance, respectively. Due to their higher predictive performance, XGBoost and CART algorithms could predict HY and BWY using CP, thermal temperatures, and image values. These techniques could be useful for producers to monitor production quickly and non-invasively without threatening colony welfare.
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    Fuzzy Logic Model for Determining Optimal Temperature-Humidity Index Values in Dairy Farms in Temperate Climate
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Kibar, Mustafa; Aytekin, Ibrahim; Ozkan, Ilker Ali
    In livestock, temperature, humidity, and Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) affect the welfare, yields, health and viability of animals. This study aimed to develop optimal temperature, humidity, and THI thresholds for dairy farms in temperate climate regions using a fuzzy logic model. THI values were calculated using three different literature-derived equations, considering different temperature and humidity situations in dairy farms. The Mamdani-type fuzzy logic method was utilized to formulate linguistic expressions for temperature, humidity, and THI values. According to the THI thresholds, the areas below the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) were found to be significant (p < 0.001) in all fuzzy algorithms. The study found 100% harmony with the THI thresholds of 66 and 72 for cattle in temperate climates, but only 73.6% harmony with the threshold of 74 for cattle adapted to tropical climate. Briefly, in temperate dairy farms, the fuzzy logic revealed that the optimal temperature, humidity and THI values should be between 14-18.5 degrees C, 65-70% and 52.5-64.5, respectively. However, further research is required to understand the impact of thresholds determined by fuzzy logic on dairy cow production and welfare.
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    Lack of evidence for association between the leptin/Sau3AI gene and milk yield traits in Holstein Friesian dairy cattle
    (Cambridge Univ Press, 2023) Kibar, Mustafa; Aytekin, Ibrahim
    This study aimed to investigate the effect of leptin gene polymorphism and some environmental factors on milk production traits. Blood samples from 212 Holstein Friesian dairy cattle reared on a private farm were used. The intron 2 region of the leptin gene was digested with Sau3A I restriction enzyme using the PCR-RFLP method. A and B alleles and AA, AB, and BB genotype frequencies for the Sau3A I polymorphism were determined as 0.8821 and 0.1179, and 0.764, 0.236 and 0.000, respectively. Chi-square analysis revealed that the leptin gene polymorphism followed the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, including the absence of animals with the BB genotype. The effect of leptin gene polymorphism on all milk production traits was insignificant. For milk production traits, direct heritability ( h(a)(2) ) varied between 0.03 +/- 0.283 (for the dry period) and 0.50 +/- 0.183 (for milk conductivity). Regarding the milking time (MT), the estimated breeding values (EBVs) of cattle with the AA genotype were higher than the AB genotype ( P < 0.05). As a result of this study, in the selection program, allele or genotype could not be suggested as a marker for milk yield characteristics except for the possible exception of milking time and its relationship to mastitis incidence.
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    Novel Findings on the SNP18 Sequence and Its Functional Analysis in Hygienic Behavior of Apis mellifera
    (Wiley, 2024) Kibar, Mustafa; Negis, Inci Sahin; Aytekin, Ibrahim
    Hygienic behavior (HB) is a crucial biological mechanism in honeybees that is associated with disease resistance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the SNP18 sequence and environmental factors on the HB of honey bees, using a total of 14 colonies and 148 bee samples from seven different bee breeds. Association analysis revealed that colonies with Italian hybrids (IH) or young queens statistically (p < 0.01) exhibited high hygienic behavior (HHB). HB increased by 71.6% when the number of frames in the colony, representing colony power (CP), increased by one (p < 0.05). In restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, novel mutations in the MlyI polymorphism of the SNP18 sequence were firstly found in Apis mellifera. In addition, the restriction fragments of the novel variants of the SNP18 HHB and SNP18 low hygienic behavior (LHB) lines were determined by sequencing. In this study, several important findings emerged: Due to one-base differences in the restriction fragment, this sequence could not be genotyped by RFLP. Honeybees could be homozygous (HHB or LHB) or heterozygous (HHB and LHB) for the SNP18. SNP18 sequence could be located in different regions of the chromosome and could only be determined by genome sequencing. Finally, since genotypes cannot be clearly determined, no specific allele or genotype can be recommended for HB selection in beekeeping. Therefore, additional research is required to assess discovered novel variants for genetic selection of HHB for ecological beekeeping, healthy products and sustainability.
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    The association between ClaI polymorphism and hygienic behavior in Apis mellifera
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2024) Sahin Negis, Inci; Kibar, Mustafa; Aytekin, Ibrahim
    Hygienic behavior represents one of the most prominent disease resistance mechanisms developed by honeybees. This behavior is known to be influenced by the genotype and environmental factors. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of SNP-8 polymorphism and environmental factors on hygienic behavior in different Apis mellifera breeds. A total of fourteen colonies and 148 bees from seven different bee breeds were used for the Pin-killed Brood Assay (PKB) test and PCR-RFLP analysis, respectively. The PKB assay revealed a wide range of hygienic behavior, spanning from 68% to 100% across the fourteen colonies. The frequencies of the H (High) and L (Low) alleles were 0.0709 and 0.9291, and the frequencies of the HH (High-High), HL (High-Low), and LL (Low-Low) genotypes were 0.027, 0.088, and 0.855 (respectively) and the population was not in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Additionally, the effects of genotype, breed, birth year of queen, and colony power on hygienic behavior were found to be significant (p < 0.01). Italian hybrid breeds exhibited the highest levels of hygienic behavior, while Anatolian hybrid breeds demonstrated the lowest. It was also found that colonies with young queens, high colony power, and bees with HL and LL genotypes are more hygienic. A noteworthy finding of this study was the detection of heterozygous individuals (HL), marking the first such observation in this study. Consequently, HL and LL genotypes for hygienic behavior in the apiary could be suggested in the selection program. However, more research with more colonies and genes is needed to increase the effectiveness of selection for hygienic behavioral traits in A. mellifera. The widespread of hygienic colonies plays a critical role in preventing the spread of diseases, contributing significantly to the sustainability of beekeeping.