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    A case of vaginal hyperplasia occurred the last trimester of pregnancy in a Kangal bitch
    (Ankara Univ Press, 2021) Safak, Tarik; Yilmaz, Oznur; Ercan, Kerem; Yuksel, Burak Fatih; Ocal, Halis
    Vaginal hyperplasia is characterized clinically as the protrusion of edematous hyperplastic mucosa tissue through the vulvar lips. Generally, it is formed during the proestrus and estrus periods in dogs. In this case report, 12 months old, pregnant Kangal breed dog with a mass in the vagina was presented with pre and postoperative findings. The bitch without any genital problems at pro/estrus stages was mated about two months ago. During the clinical examination, it was detected that bitch was in the second stage of labor and had type III vaginal hyperplasia. After the delivery of nine puppies without complication, the bitch was placed under general anesthesia and the hyperplasic tissue was removed surgically. Although no hyperplasia history at pro/estrus stages of the bitch, the fact that vaginal hyperplasia was observed in the last trimester of pregnancy is remarkable. Interestingly, this hyperplastic mass did not cause dystocia during all the puppies' delivery in this case. In conclusion, in pregnant dogs, routine genital exams should be performed once at least until parturition to control vaginal structural integrity.
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    Effect of Calf Delivery Mode on Irisin, Asprosin, Leptin, Adiponectin, and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Levels in Dairy Cattle and their Calves
    (Zoological Soc Pakistan, 2023) Kizil, Meltem; Risvanli, Ali; Abay, Murat; Safak, Tarik; Kilinc, Mehmet Akif; Yilmaz, Oznur; Yuksel, Burak Fatih
    In recent years, the investigation of peptide and protein-structured hormones in biological fluids has become one of the most striking issues. The aim of this study was to determine irisin, asprosin, leptin, adiponectin, and IGF-1 levels in cows and calves after calving according to the mode of delivery. The study was carried out with 20 Holstein cows and 20 calves born from these cows. Blood samples were taken from cows and calves in all groups during birth, after drinking colostrum from calves and on the 15th, 30th, 45th and 60th days after birth in 10 ml tubes. The levels of the aforementioned molecules in these blood samples were determined by ELISA method. Feeding with colostrum led to a decrease in the irisin levels in the dystocia and cesarean section groups and in the IGF-1 levels in the vaginal delivery group, but it did not lead to any other significant changes. The irisin levels of the calves in the vaginal delivery group were compared to those in the other groups, and their levels were found to decrease on the 15th day, and IGF-1 levels were higher on the 15th day. As a result, it was revealed that there were significant changes in the levels of these molecules in the umbilical cord and blood serum of cows and calves depending on the mode of delivery.
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    Mixed Bacteriological Isolation Percentages from the Uterus of Cows Slaughtered due to Infertility
    (Centre Excellence Molecular Biology-Cemb, 2022) Risvanli, Ali; Kalender, Hakan; Safak, Tarik; Yuksel, Burak Fatih; Karagulle, Burcu; Yilmaz, Oznur; Kilinc, Mehmet Akif
    Background: Intrauterine mixed infections are an important problem in cattle breeding. In this study, we aimed to determine the mixed bacteriological isolation rates from the uterus of cows with clinical metritis and to reveal the relationships between the bacteria that isolated together.Methods: For this purpose, sterile swabs were taken from 490 uterus obtained from cattle slaughtered due to infertility in three slaughterhouses and used them to perform microbiological tests. After evaluating the data, it was determined that the bacterial isolation rate from uterus with clinical metritis was 76.14% (n = 268). Results: The rates for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 bacteria isolated from the uterus with clinical metritis were 48.13%, 33.96%, 15.30%, 2.24%, and 0.37%, respectively. The isolation rates for Trueperella pyogenes, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and Escherichia coli alone from the uterus with clinical metritis were 27.08%, 28.00%, and 16.51%, respectively. In uterus with clinical metritis, Staphylococcus aureus (16.67%) was the most commonly isolated bacteria with T. pyogenes, Clostridium spp. (16%) co-isolated with F. necrophorum, and coagulase-negative staphylococci (16.51%) and Bacillus spp. (16.51%) were detected with E. coli.Conclusion: As a result, it was concluded that when evaluating the microbiological results for cows with clinical metritis, mixed infections should be taken into more consideration, and the characteristics of the bacteria that isolate together should be considered during the treatment of mixed infections.