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Öğe Assessment of the effect of sodium tetraborate on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in lead-induced nephrotoxicity(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Yaman, Turan; Akkoyun, H. Turan; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Karagozoglu, Fatma; Melek, Sule; Keles, Omer Faruk; Bengu, Aydin SukruExposure to Pb, a toxic heavy metal, is a risk factor for renal damage. Borax, an essential trace element in cellular metabolism, is a naturally occurring compound found in many foods. This study investigated the effects of sodium tetraborate (ST), a source of borax, on renal oxidative stress and inflammation in rats exposed to Pb. Wistar Albino rats (n = 24) were divided into four groups: Control (0.5 mL, i.p. isotonic), Pb (50 mg/kg/day/i.p.), ST (4.0 mg/kg/day/oral), and Pb + ST groups. At the end of the five-day experimental period, kidney tissue samples were obtained and analyzed. Histopathologically, the Pb-induced damage observed in the Pb group improved in the Pb + ST group. Immunohistochemically, Pb administration increased the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and caspase-3. When evaluated biochemically, Pb application inhibited catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activities and activated superoxide dismutase enzyme activity. An increase in malondialdehyde levels was considered an indicator of damage. ST application increases glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity and decreased malondialdehyde levels. These results indicate that ST might play a protective role against Pb-induced renal damage via the upregulation of renal tissue antioxidants and cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and caspase-3 immunoexpression.Öğe Bir Erkek Keçide Ürolithiazis Olgusu(2014) İçen, Hasan; Şimşek, Aynur; Servet, Sekin; Çelik, Özgür Yaşar; Çakmak, Fırat; Yaman, TuranÇalışmanın materyalini 2-3 gündür idrar yapamama, sancı ve iştahsızlık şikayeti ile Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi İç Hastalıkları Kliniği’ne getirilen 1,5-2 yaşlı bir erkek keçi oluşturdu. Hastanın klinik muayenesinde ayakta durmakta güçlük, abdominal gerginlik, anal bölge ile prepisyum çevresinde ödem, prepisyumun uç kısmında kuruluk ve küçük taşlar saptandı. Nabız frekansı 119/dk, solunum frekansı 32/dk ve vücut ısı 36.9 °C olarak tespit edilen hayvana, kan ve idrar örneklerinin laboratuar analiz sonuçları ile otopsi bulgularına göre ürolithiazis tanısı konuldu.Öğe Effect of Bee Bread (Perga) on Histopathological Changes and Immunohistochemical Expression of Apoptosis Markers in the Kidney of Rats Exposed to Cadmium(2024) Yaman, Turan; Akkoyun, H. Turan; Keleş, Ömer Faruk; Akkoyun, Mahire BayramoğluCadmium (Cd) is an environmental and industrial pollutant that causes toxicity in various organs in humans and animals. Bee bread (perga) is a natural flavonoid with a wide range of pharmacological properties. This study was conducted to examine the effects of perga on Cd-induced nephrotoxicity. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, as the Control group, Cd group (5 mg/kg/day, orally), Perga group (0.5 g/kg/day, orally), and Cd + Perga group. At the end of the 28-day experiment, kidney tissue samples were taken and histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical analyses were performed. Histopathologically, severe tubular and glomerular damage occurred as a result of Cd exposure in the Cd group. Immunohistochemically, there was an increase in caspas-3 and Bax expression in the renal tissue in the Cd group. According to the biochemical results, while the catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase antioxidant enzyme levels decreased in the Cd group, and the malondialdehyde levels increased. However, most of the above-mentioned Cd-induced changes were attenuated by treatment with perga in the Perga + Cd group. In conclusion, perga supplementation may alleviate Cd-induced renal injury through inhibition of apoptosis in renal tissue.Öğe Immunoexpression of CD34, CD68 and CD3 in Cadmium-Induced Liver Damage and Protective Effectiveness of Bee Bread (Perga)(2024) Yaman, Turan; Akkoyun, H. Turan; Keleş, Ömer Faruk; Akkoyun, Mahire BayramoğluCadmium (Cd) is one of the potent environmental toxicants that causes oxidative stress in many organs of the body, including the liver. Perga (bee bread) is used for apitherapeutic purposes due to its medicinal properties. This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of perga on endothelial damage and inflammatory cell activation in the liver as a result of exposure to Cd. For this purpose, 32 male Wistar rats (8 rats/group) were randomly divided into 4 groups, as the control, perga (0.5 g/kg of perga), Cd (5 mg/kg of CdCl2), and Cd + perga (0.5 g/kg of perga + 5 mg/kg of CdCl2) groups. Daily intragastric Cd and/or perga was administered for 4 weeks. At the end of the study, the rats were euthanized and liver tissue sections were taken and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s Trichrome. Immunohistochemically, the reactivity of the liver sinusoidal endothelium was determined using CD34, the reactivity of the Kupffer cells was determined using CD68, and the levels of T-lymphocyte cells were determined using CD3 antibodies. Exposure to Cd caused significant histological changes in the liver. Immunohistochemically, exposure to Cd caused an increase in the expressions of CD34, CD68, and CD3. On the other hand, the cotreatment of Cd and perga caused partial improvement in some histopathological changes. Compared to the Cd group, there was a decrease in CD34 and CD68 positivity in the Cd + perga group, while no significant difference was detected in the number of CD3-positive cells between the groups. The results revealed that the histopathological changes and inflammation in the rat liver could partially improve with perga supplementation.
