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    Öğe
    Investigation of high-performance adsorption for benzene and toluene vapors by calix[4]arene based organosilica (CBOS)
    (Royal Soc Chemistry, 2020) Temel, Farabi; Kutluay, Sinan
    The immobilization of a calix[4]arene derivative bearing methyl ester moieties onto mesoporous silica was successfully achieved to obtain calix[4]arene based organosilica (CBOS). IR spectroscopy, X-Ray powder diffraction, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy analysis were carried out for the characterization of the CBOS. After that, the proposed mesoporous silica-supported adsorbent was studied for the adsorption of benzene and toluene vapors, which are essential VOCs. The effects of operating parameters on the adsorption of these vapors with the CBOS adsorbent were analyzed and optimized by applying response surface methodology (RSM)-central composite design (CCD). According to initial experimental results, CBOS exhibited excellent performance for these vapors. The adsorption capacities of calix-3, GBS, and CBOS adsorbents were determined to be 203, 357, and 606 mg g(-1)for benzene vapors, respectively, while they were found to be 258, 394 and 672 mg g(-1)for toluene vapors, respectively. Thus, the proposed CBOS adsorbent showed better adsorption performance when compared to its precursors. In addition to the distinctive adsorptive behavior, the CBOS adsorbent exhibited a high reproducibility adsorption/desorption capacity after five consecutive cycles. After the fifth adsorption/desorption cycle, the CBOS retained 94.2% and 95.1% of its initial adsorption capacities for benzene and toluene, respectively. Finally, adsorption phenomena of benzene and toluene vapors onto CBOS were evaluated in terms of isotherm and kinetic parameters.
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    Öğe
    Silica gel based new adsorbent having enhanced VOC dynamic adsorption/desorption performance
    (Elsevier, 2021) Kutluay, Sinan; Temel, Farabi
    The diacid calix[4]arene tethered silica (DACTS) as an adsorbent was obtained by the tethering of calix[4]arene carboxylic acid derivative onto 3-glycidoxypropyl-bonded stationary phase (GBS). The characterizations were carried out by some analysis techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, EDS, SEM, and BET. The adsorption behavior of the prepared adsorbent was investigated towards the dynamic adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as xylene and toluene gases. For the optimization of process parameters, response surface methodology (RSM), and Box-Behnken design (BBD) were applied. The adsorption results were evaluated in terms of the kinetic and isothermal conditions. Hence, DACTS showed substantial adsorption performance towards xylene and toluene gases. It was observed that for xylene gas, the adsorption capacities of the precursor calixarene, GBS, and DACTS were 441.43, 542.98, and 882.94 mg/g, respectively. Additionally, their adsorption capacities towards toluene gas were found as 300.50, 398.14, and 660.87 mg/g, respectively. Hence, the tethering of calixarene units into GBS could considerably enhance the adsorption capacity of prepared adsorbent towards xylene and toluene gases. Additionally, as well as the excellent adsorption behavior towards xylene and toluene gases, DACTS adsorbent has a superior regeneration and repeatability performance towards VOCs. The possible adsorption mechanism can be explained by 7C-7C and, van der Waals interactions between the VOCs and the benzene rings on calixarene moiety. The findings of this study indicated that the successfully synthetized DACTS adsorbent has excellent adsorption capacity and repeatability for VOCs, which means that it will be useful adsorbent for many areas.