Yazar "Sabagh, Ayman El" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Adaptation strategies for salinity stress in Maize: An overview on exogenous chemical and phyto-microbiome approaches
    (Apple Academic Press, 2024) Sabagh, Ayman El; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Aamiriqbal, Muhammad; Yasmin, Humaira; Zafar, Mohsin; Shafiq, Tayyab; Rajendran, Karthika
    Global warming is the leading cause of soil salinity, which affects the productivity of various crops, including maize. Soil salinity disrupts various physiological and biochemical processes in maize, including photosynthesis, water relations, respiration, stomatal regulation, and biosynthesis of enzymes. Improved performance of maize in saline soils may result from knowledge of the resistance to salt stress and an overview of the management options. Several approaches, alone or in combination have aided in the reduction of the negative effects of salinity by increasing salt tolerance in maize. Exogenous compounds, such as osmoprotectants (OP), polyamines (PA), nitric oxide (NO), and phytohormones, are thought to be the most promising and effective against environmental stresses, and they play critical roles in increasing maize resistance to salt stress. Furthermore, the use of microbes, which have been shown to be capable of reducing abiotic stresses, is a novel and promising method, and the plant microbiome has the ability to promote development and protect the host via a variety of molecular pathways. This chapter provides an overview of the exogenous application of several compounds and phyto-microbiomes that mitigate the negative effects of salt stress on maize. © 2024 Apple Academic Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Biofortification of Iron in Potato Through Rhizobacteria and Plant Growth Regulator
    (Springer, 2024) Mushtaq, Zain; Al-Ashkar, Ibrahim; Habib-ur-Rahman, Muhammad; Sabagh, Ayman El; Ilic, Predrag
    Millions of people around the world have iron deficiency, which is one of several important nutritional disorders. Despite recent advances in the prevention and treatment of these deficiencies, it is estimated that over two billion individuals worldwide are at risk for vitamin A, iodine, and/or iron insufficiency. Many major health concerns can result from micronutrient deficits. Lack of iron, folate, B12, and A may cause anemia. Anemia causes weariness, weakness, breathlessness, and disorientation due to low red blood cell or hemoglobin levels. Biofortification, a way to make staple foods with more micronutrients, could help lower malnutrition. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can boost the amount of iron in edible plant tissues by making it easier for iron to get to those tissues. A pot experiment was conducted at ISES, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, to evaluate the impact of well-characterized rhizobacterial strains (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Bacillus simplex) alone and in combination with L-tryptophan (a plant growth regulator (PGR)) on agronomic, tuber, and nutritional attributes of potato. Results revealed that inoculation significantly enhanced the iron content of potato tubers compared to control plants. When rhizobacteria, L-tryptophan, and iron were added to the soil, the number of tubers grew by 68.24% compared to the control plants where neither PGPR nor PGR was applied. Biofortifying potatoes with microbes can help people get more micronutrients, especially in countries with few resources. These results showed that PGPR can help plants get more Fe from the soil if more Fe is added to the soil. These results provide support for the hypothesis that microbial aided biofortification in crops might reduce human micronutrient insufficiency, particularly in areas with little resources.
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    Exogenously applied nano-zinc oxide mitigates cadmium stress in Zea mays L. through modulation of physiochemical activities and nutrients homeostasis
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2024) Ahmed, Shakil; Ashraf, Sana; Yasin, Nasim Ahmad; Sardar, Rehana; Al-Ashkar, Ibrahim; Abdelhamid, Magdi T.; Sabagh, Ayman El
    The increasing levels of cadmium (Cd) pollution in agricultural soil reduces plant growth and yield. This study aims to determine the impact of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on the physiochemical activities, nutrition, growth, and yield of Zea mays L. under Cd stress conditions. For this purpose, ZnO-NPs (450 ppm and 600 ppm) synthesized from Syzygium aromaticum were applied through foliar spray to Z. mays and also used as seed priming agents. A significant decline in plant height (35.24%), biomass production (43.86%), mineral content, gas exchange attributes, and yield (37.62%) was observed in Cd-spiked plants compared to the control. While, 450 ppm ZnO-NPs primed seed increased plant height (18.46%), total chlorophyll (80.07%), improved ascorbic acid (25.10%), DPPH activity (26.66%), and soil mineral uptake (Mg+2 (38.86%), K+ (27.83%), and Zn+2 (43.68%) as compared to plants only spiked with Cd. On the contrary, the foliar-applied 450 ppm ZnO-NPs increased plant height (8.22%), total chlorophyll content (73.59%), ascorbic acid (21.39%), and DPPH activity (17.61%) and yield parameters; cob diameter (19.45%), and kernels numbers 6.35% enhanced compared to plants that were spiked only with Cd. The findings of the current study pave the way for safer and more cost-effective crop production in Cd-stressed soils by using green synthesized NPs and provide deep insights into the underlying mechanisms of NPs treatment at the molecular level to provide compelling evidence for the use of NPs in improving plant growth and yield. [GRAPHICS]
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    Morphological, Physiobiochemical and Molecular Adaptability of Legumes of Fabaceae to Drought Stress, with Special Reference to Medicago Sativa L
    (Springer Singapore, 2020) Hossain, Akbar; Farooq, Muhammad; Sabagh, Ayman El; Hasanuzzaman, Mirza; Erman, Murat; Islam, Tofazzal
    Drought stress (DS) is one of the most hostile limitations for sustainable crop production. Developing DS-tolerant crop cultivars and the use of better crop management practices may help improve crop performance under drought. In this chapter, the adverse effect of drought on the growth and development of legumes and the morphological, physiobiochemical, and molecular basis of adaptability to drought are described. Under drought, overproduction of reactive oxygen species causes oxidative damage. The role of osmolytes and antioxidants in countering the oxidative damages has been widely described. Moreover, “omics-based approaches, ” such as proteomics, metabolomics–transcriptomics, and genomics are promissory approaches to identify drought-tolerant genes, decode complex gene networks, and numerous signaling cascades involved in drought tolerance in legumes. The recently developed CRISPR-Cas technology has already been used in precision breeding of many plants including the members of Fabaceae such as alfalfa is also discussed in the chapter. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.
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    Nano-silver and non-traditional compounds mitigate the adverse effects of net blotch disease of barley in correlation with up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes
    (Pakistan Botanical Society, 2020) Abdelaal, Khaled A A.; El-Shawy, El-Sayed Abd-Allah; Hafez, Yaser Mohamed; Abdel-Dayem, Sherif Mohamed Ali; Chidya, Russel Chrispine Garven; Saneoka, Hirofumi; Sabagh, Ayman El
    Exogenous application of nano-silver, non-traditional compounds and fungicides were used to alleviate the harmful effect of net blotch disease in the highly susceptible Egyptian barley ‘Giza 2000’caused by Pyrenophora teres L. The symptoms of net blotch disease were significantly dwindled as a result of foliar spray with fungicides such as Montero, Belize and Cabri Top. Application of Tilt, Vitavax, Nano-silver, Allicin and Benzothiadiazole (BTH) fungicides moderately controlled the effects of disease severity. While, fungicides Premis, Eugenol and Oxalic acid treatments did not reduce significantly the severity of net blotch disease. As a result of these treatments, the activities of antioxidant enzymes activity were increased significantly as compared with the untreated control plants. The tested treatments were effective, since the electrolyte leakage percentage of treated plants decreased significantly, while the yield attributes were increased significantly as compared with control. The maximum1000-grain weight (g), grain yield (kg ha-1) and biological yield (kg ha-1) were achieved with the application of fungicide ‘Montero’ followed by ‘Belize’. Therefore, the novel findings of the present study may be supportive to farmers and plant breeders with non-traditional compounds and basic mechanisms to create new resistant barley cultivars, consequently, decreasing fungicides use and environmental pollution. © 2020, Pakistan Botanical Society. All rights reserved.
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    Nitrogen Fixation of Legumes Under the Family Fabaceae: Adverse Effect of Abiotic Stresses and Mitigation Strategies
    (Springer Singapore, 2020) Sabagh, Ayman El; Hossain, Akbar; Sohidul Islam, M.; Fahad, Shah; Ratnasekera, Disna; Meena, Ram Swaroop; Wasaya, Allah
    Nitrogen (N) is an essential element of the building blocks of almost all plant structures and a vital component of chlorophyll, enzymes, and proteins. It is used in relatively large amounts than other plant nutrients. Therefore, N has been recognized as the most limiting nutrient in crop production systems. Several transformation processes are involved in the nitrogen cycle. Among them, biological nitrogen fixation is an environmentally friendly natural resource for sustainable agricultural systems. Recently, the reports directed to a decrease in agricultural dependence on symbiotic nitrogen fixation due to abiotic stresses. Therefore, abiotic stresses are a topic that increasingly occupies the attention of the world is still a matter of debate. Although physiological mechanisms are affected in more intense abiotic stresses, most research efforts have focused on the study of these processes. In legume plants being grown under symbiotic conditions, one of the primary effects of abiotic stresses is a decline in the rates of symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF). In the present chapter, we summarize our current understanding of the factors that are affected by SNF in legumes. Finally, an overview of the available resources and applications of the physiological system for understanding the complex responses of legumes to abiotic stresses is provided. The overall conclusion was that all physiological mechanisms are important in understanding the regulation of N2 fixation and its response to abiotic stresses. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.
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    Nutrient Management for Improving Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Legumes of the Family Fabaceae
    (Springer Singapore, 2020) Hossain, Akbar; Sabagh, Ayman El; Erman, Murat; Fahad, Shah; Islam, Tofazzal; Bhatt, Rajan; Hasanuzzaman, Mirza
    Grain legumes are rich in carbohydrate, protein, vitamin, mineral, fiber, and essential amino acids. Besides, legumes play a vital role in fixing atmospheric nitrogen (N) which ultimately improves soil fertility through the symbiotic process. However, in the changing climate, the sustainability of grain legumes production is vulnerable due to the extreme events of abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, heat stress, and heavy metals. These abiotic stresses are linked with the physiological, biochemical, and morphological changes that prevent the full genetic potential productivity of the legume crops. Plants need an ample amount of mineral nutrients (micro-and macronutrients) in each stage of the development to achieve maximum yield. Among these mineral nutrients, macronutrients, particularly N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) and micronutrients particularly iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), silicon (Si), and selenium (Se) involve in several physiological, biochemical, and morphological processes in plants. These nutrient elements also play a vital role in increasing plant resistance to environmental stresses. An adequate balance of nutrient supply is needed for each stage of the development and to achieve maximum yield potential of legume crops. While imbalanced use of mineral nutrients may result in negative impacts on environmental and also increase the cost of production. Therefore, adequate balanced mineral nutrient management is necessary for the sustainable production of legume crops under the changing climate. This chapter described the negative impacts of abiotic stresses on legumes under the family Fabaceae and also highlighted the essential roles of balanced mineral nutrients in each developmental phage of plants for attaining maximum yield even under the abiotic stressful environment. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.
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    World nations priorities on climate change and food security
    (Springer International Publishing, 2021) Ul Din, Muhammad Sami; Mubeen, Muhammad; Hussain, Sajjad; Ahmad, Ashfaq; Hussain, Nazim; Ali, Muhammad Anjum; Sabagh, Ayman El
    The present food system (including production, transportation, processing, packaging, storing, retail, and consumption) is a source of nutrition for the great majority of the world population in addition to supporting the livelihoods of about 200 million people. Food supply per capita has increased by more than 30% since 1961, this is accompanied by more use of nitrogen fertilizers (showing an increase of about 800%) and water resources for irrigation (with an increase of more than 100%). Global food security will continue to be an international concern for the coming 50 years and even beyond. Crop yield has fallen in many areas recently due to decreasing investments in infrastructure and research, as well as due to growing water scarcity. Climate change is a global concern irrespective of borders. The poor nations are highly vulnerable to climate change and are at high risk. Food security is directly dependant on the food chain and the associated food system process. All dimensions of food security could be affected by climate change in complex ways. Approximately, 15 countries are highly vulnerable to food insecurity due to climate change, from Asia and Africa. Most of these nations are not able to cope with or counter the impact of climate change on an urgent basis. However, some countries have developed their national strategies and adaptation plans to alleviate the negative impacts of climate change. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.