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    Öğe
    Effect of nitrogen fertilizers on yield and antioxidant enzymes of basil (ocimum basilicum L.) under water stress conditions
    (30.11.2019) Rahimi, Amir; Ahmadi, Fatemeh; Özyazıcı, Gülen
    Water scarcity in Iran has always been a limiting factor for crop and horticultural production. Under these conditions, the nutrient uptake and metabolism processes of plants are different and can reduce growth. To study water stress (at three levels) and six fertilizer regimes (Nitrogen fertilizer requirement by a combination of vermicompost and urea fertilizer) on the quantitative yield of experimental basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Results showed that water deficit treatment reduced leaf chlorophyll content, leaf soluble proteins, shoot dry weight and essential oil yield. The highest concentration of total chlorophyll and leaf soluble protein was obtained in normal irrigation and fertilizer regime of 1 ton vermicompost. And water deficit stress reduced these two traits. The lowest activity of antioxidant enzymes was obtained under non-stress conditions. Increasing of water deficit stress increased the activity of these antioxidants among fertilizer treatments. The highest activity of this antioxidant was obtained in non-fertilizer treatment and by adding vermicompost fertilizer to fertilizer treatment of this antioxidant. Forks also declined. The shoot dry weight and essential oil yield decreased under water deficit stress. Increasing vermicompost share in fertilizer treatments led to increased yield. The percentage of essential oil increased with moderate irrigation and decreased again with severe irrigation. In general, the results showed that vermicompost had a positive effect on both vegetative and physiological traits of the plant.
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    Öğe
    Impact of Different Fertilizer Sources under Supplemental Irrigation and Rainfed Conditions on Eco-Physiological Responses and Yield Characteristics of Dragon's Head (Lallemantia iberica)
    (Mdpi, 2023) Heydarzadeh, Saeid; Arena, Carmen; Vitale, Ermenegilda; Rahimi, Amir; Mirzapour, Mohsen; Nasar, Jamal; Kisaka, Oscar
    The effects of the irrigation regime and different fertilizer sources on the eco-physiological responses and yield characteristics of dragon's head were explored in a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with 12 treatments and 3 replications in the 2019 growing season. The treatments included six different fertilizer sources (animal manure, vermicompost, poultry manure, biofertilizer, chemical fertilizer, and control) and two irrigation regimes (rainfed and supplemental irrigation). The results indicated the positive effects of supplementary irrigation and the application of vermicompost, poultry manure, and animal manure by increasing the absorption of nutrients (phosphorus and potassium) and improving relative water contents, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and the fixed oil percentage of dragon's head. The activities of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase decreased in the rainfed plants, whereas organic fertilizer application increased the antioxidant enzyme activity. The highest grain yield (721 kg ha(-1)), biological yield (5858 kg ha(-1)), total flavonoids (1.47 mg g(-1) DW), total phenol (27.90 mg g(-1) DW), fixed oil yield (200.17 kg ha(-1)), and essential oil yield (1.18 kg ha(-1)) were noted in plants that were treated with vermicompost under supplemental irrigation. Therefore, it is recommended that organic fertilizers such as vermicompost and poultry manure be used to substitute chemical fertilizers. These practices can help popularize organic crops using rainfed and supplementary irrigation.