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Öğe Adoption of Promising Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L.) Genotypes for Yield and Quality Characteristics in the Semiarid Climate of Turkey(Mdpi, 2021) Guzel, Yunus; Ozyazici, GulenThis study was conducted for two seasons from 2018 to 2020 to determine fenugreek genotypes yield and quality characteristics under semiarid climatic conditions. Fenugreek genotypes viz., Adana, Afghanistan, Gaziantep, Iraq, Kahramanmaras, Kayseri, Mardin, Sanliurfa with varieties of Berkem and Gurarslan were used as plant material in the research. Field trials were conducted with four replications according to the randomized complete block design. The results revealed that the time to emergence varied from 16.0 to 19.9 days, 50% flowering from 160.9 to 170.4 days, and the vegetation period from 202.0 to 209.3 days. According to the results of two years of research, plant height varied from 64.60 to 78.70 cm, first pod height from 25.26 to 41.76 cm, pod width from 2.91 to 3.29 mm, pod length from 10.07 to 12.60 cm, number of pods per plant from 12.00 to 18.73, number of seeds per pod from 12.55 to 15.55, biological yield from 5.12 to 7.62 t/ha(-1), seed yield from 0.91 to 1.38 t/ha(-1), harvest index from 17.91 to 24.35%, thousand-seed weight from 13.87 to 17.45 g, fatty oil content from 5.18 to 9.16%, fatty oil yield from 49.3 to 111.6 kg ha(-1), and the trigonelline ratio varied from 0.71 to 1.32%. Statistically significant differences (p <= 0.05) were observed for the pod width, while highly significant differences (p <= 0.01) were observed for all other parameters. According to the research results, Mardin, Kayseri, and Adana genotypes were statistically in the same group with Berkem cultivar in terms of seed yield. A higher fatty oil content was obtained in the Afghanistan genotype (9.16%) than in the Berkem cultivar (8.11%). Gaziantep, Mardin, Sanliurfa, and Kayseri genotypes contained higher trigonellin than the Berkem and Gurarslan varieties. The obtained information was the result of the Mardin, Kayseri, Adana, Gaziantep, and Afghanistan genotypes that can be used in breeding studies.Öğe Effect of Vermicompost Application on Mineral Nutrient Composition of Grains of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.)(Mdpi, 2021) Ozyazici, Gulen; Turan, NizamettinPoor soil organic content is a major cause of declining crop productivity in developing countries. Less precipitation and high temperatures oxidize organic matter in the soils of semi-arid regions. Such a deficiency in the organic matter of the soils decreases the bioavailability of many nutrients. Organic amendments like vermicompost (VM) have the potential to overcome this problem, while decreasing the dependency on inorganic fertilizers. Thus, the aim of our study was to explore the best application rate of VM for the improvement of nutrient contents in buckwheat. We used two buckwheat cultivars i.e., Aktas and Gunes were sown under variable rates of soil-applied VM (0, 0.75, 1.50, 2.25 and 3.00 t ha(-1)) in semi-arid highland conditions. The results demonstrated that the nutritional quality parameters were improved when VM was applied at the rate of 2.25 t ha(-1). In addition, VM at 2.25 t ha(-1) resulted in an improvement of the N and P contents of the grains. The P contents in the grains of the Gunes variety was higher (0.26%) than the Aktas variety (0.24%). A significant improvement in Fe (%), Cu (%), Zn (%) and Mn contents (%) in the grains of buckwheat validated the efficacious functioning of 2.25 t ha(-1) of VM. The Zn content of the grains was higher in the Gunes variety (34.06%) than the Aktas variety (31.96%). However, no significant change in K, Ca and Mg was noted at any level of VM in both Aktas and Gunes. It is concluded that a 2.25 t ha(-1) VM application in the buckwheat crop under zero conventional fertilizer was the best level to boost the nutritional quality of the grains.Öğe Full scale subsurface flow constructed wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment: 3 years' experience(Wiley, 2018) Temel, Fulya Aydin; Ozyazici, Gulen; Uslu, Vedide Rezan; Ardali, YukselIn the present study, a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands divided three equal parts was designed and constructed at a full scale to treat wastewater of Yorukcal village located in Black Sea region. Three macrophytes namely Juncus acutus, Cortaderia selloana, and Phragmites australis were used in each wetland system. The total surface area of all wetlands is 520 m(2). The average removal efficiencies of J. acutus, C. selloana, and P. australis were obtained as 57, 56, and 54% for BOD; 51, 33, and 27% for TN; 55, 58, and 46% for OM; 45, 39, and 32% for orthophosphate; 22, 38, and 24% for NH4+-N; 13, 20, and 24% for TSS; 33, 44 and 39% for SO42-, respectively. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) between groups was applied to determine any difference in the removal of all parameters between the plant types and months depending on the mean values of pollutant removal. Due to the problems such as costs of construction, maintenance and repair, and reduced flow rate encountered especially during the collection of wastewater in rural regions and transport to wastewater treatment plants in the city, the in-situ treatment applications may be unavoidable. According to the results, Constructed Wetlands (CW) designed correctly are economically and environmentally to treat wastewater of rural settlements. (c) 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1348-1360, 2018Öğe Influence of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Agronomic Traits, Essential Oil and Components under Semi-Arid Climate(Mdpi, 2021) Ozyazici, GulenEnvironmental contamination and the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers resulting in stagnant yields of field crops which necessitate the utilization of combined fertilization approach under changing climatic conditions. Current study was aimed to clarify the influence of several fertilizer sources (chemical, organic, organomineral fertilizers) on yield and quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The results revealed that the fertilizer sources significantly affected the yield of coriander cultivars. The absence of Year x Variety x Fertilizer Type interactions for any of the noted parameters signaled that the detected Variety x Fertilizer Type interactions were constant regardless of the year factor. The recorded values of traits according to fertilizer sources different for the plant height from 61.85 to 69.67 cm, number of branches from 5.98 to 7.71 (piece/plant), number of umbels per the main umbel from 5.62 to 7.18 pieces, seed yield from 1.06 to 1.66 t/ha(-1), the biological yield from 4.29 to 5.70 t ha(-1), harvest index from 25.29 to 29.41%, essential oil ratio from 0.29 to 0.33%, and essential oil yield from 3.1 to 5.6 L ha(-1). Erbaa variety was observed to be superior over the rest of the varieties producing the maximum values of 6.5 L ha(-1) of essential oil, 0.36% essential oil content, 30.9% harvest index, 1.81 t/ha seed yield, and 5.9 t ha(-1) biological yield with the treatment of chemical fertilizers.
