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Öğe Dietary fig seeds improve growth performance and antioxidant capacity of quail(South African Journal Of Animal Sciences, 2023) Tufan, T.; Bolacali, M.; Irak, K.; Arslan, C.; Ozcan, C.; Kaplan, O.; Irmak, M.The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of fig seed (FS) as a feed additive in quail rations on growth performance, carcass parameters, and antioxidant status. A total of 2000 one day-old quail chicks were allocated to a control diet (C; n = 400) or diets supplemented with 0.25% (FS0.25; n = 400), 0.50% (FS0.50; n = 400), 0.75% (FS0.75; n = 400), and 1.00% (FS1.00; n = 400) FS. There were five replicates of 80 chicks for each treatment. At the end of the study, the highest body weights and average daily live weight gains were observed in the FS1.00 group, whereas the lowest BW was observed in the control group. There was no statistical difference between the groups in terms of feed consumption, but the feed conversion ratios of all experimental groups were higher than the control group. The addition of FS had a marked effect on slaughter, hot, and cold carcass weights; and leg, chest, and wing weights compared to the control. Addition of FS to the ration increased total protein and albumin levels, whereas it decreased total oxidant status and alkaline phosphatase. Glucose and uric acid values showed a variable trend. As a consequence, it was concluded that the addition of fig seed as a feed additive at 0.50-1.00% of quail rations could be beneficial based on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and blood parameters.Öğe Effects of olive cake meal on serum constituents and fatty acid levels in breast muscle of Japanese quail(South African Journal Of Animal Sciences, 2020) Ozcan, C.; Cimrin, T.; Yakar, Y.; Alasahan, S.This study was aimed at determining the effects of various levels of dietary olive cake meal (OCM) on certain blood parameters and breast muscle fatty acid and cholesterol levels. For this purpose, 400 day-old Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks of both sexes were randomly assigned to four trial groups, each including five replicates of 20 animals. The quail were fed on a maize and soybean meal-based basal diet supplemented with 0%, 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% of OCM for six weeks. Dietary supplementation with 5% and 7.5% of OCM decreased total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the blood serum, and increased cholesterol levels in the breast muscle. Dietary supplementation with various levels of OCM decreased saturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid levels, and increased monounsaturated fatty acid and total unsaturated fatty acid levels in the breast muscle. As a result, it was concluded that, olive cake meal, which contains a high level of olive oil, could be incorporated in poultry feed at a level of 5%, owing to its beneficial effects of decreasing serum LDL cholesterol, which plays a major role in the aetiology of cardiovascular diseases, and in reducing saturated fatty acid levels in breast muscle.Öğe Intestinal morphology and mucin composition in Japanese quails fed on olive cake diet(South African Journal Of Animal Sciences, 2022) Karakoc, Z.; Ozcan, C.Olive cake, sometimes also called spent olive, is a low-energy nutrition source. It possesses various biological properties that are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral in property due to its rich polyphenolic compound content. Mucins can be found in the composition of the mucus that cover the surface of the gastrointestinal tract. Feed additives can influence the mucin composition, as well as the height and width of the villi, which are biological appendages tasked to increase the absorption surface in the small intestinal mucosa. The aim of the present study was to determine the histology of the small intestine in Japanese quails fed with olive cake. In the study, mixed-sex quails fed with rations containing different amounts of olive cake were used as the live material. Morphological measurements, Alcian blue/periodic acid-Schiff, and aldehyde fuchsin/Alcian blue histochemical stains were performed on stomach and small intestine tissues taken from quails. Significant increases in villus height, villus width, and crypt depth in duodenum, jejunum, and ileal tissues were determined in control and experimental groups. The increase in crypt depth was greatest in the ileum. In the jejunal tissue, it was determined that the width of the villus decreased in groups 1 and 2 but increased in group 3. In the histochemical evaluation, it was determined that sulphate mucins were intense in the proventriculus, while carboxylic mucins were intense in all three parts of the small intestine. Considering the physiological functions of mucins, olive cake is thought to play an important role in the protection of the mucosa in quails.Öğe Investigation of the protective effect of chitosan against arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative damage in rat kidney tissue(Polska Akad Nauk, Polish Acad Sciences, Univ Warmia & Mazury Olsztyn, 2024) Irak, K.; Celik, O. Y.; Bolacali, M.; Tufan, T.; Ozcan, C.; Yildirim, S.; Bolat, I.Arsenic is an important metalloid that can cause poisoning in humans and domestic animals. Exposure to arsenic causes cell damage, increasing the production of reactive oxygen species. Chitosan is a biopolymer obtained by deacetylation of chitin with antioxidant and metal ion chelating properties. In this study, the protective effect of chitosan on arsenic -induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative damage was investigated. 32 male Wistar-albino rats were divided into 4 groups of 8 rats each as control group (C), chitosan group (CS group), arsenic group (AS group), and arsenic+chitosan group (AS+CS group). The C group was given distilled water by oral gavage, the AS group was given 100 ppm/day Na-arsenite ad libitum with drinking water, the CS group was given 200 mg/kg/day chitosan dissolved in saline by oral gavage, the AS+CS group was given 100 ppm/day Na-arsenite ad libitum with drinking water and 200 mg/kg/day chitosan dissolved in saline by oral gavage for 30 days. At the end of the 30 -day experimental period, 90 mg/kg ketamine was administered intraperitoneally to all rats, and blood samples and kidney tissues were collected. Urea, uric acid, creatinine, P, Mg, K, Ca, Na, Cystatin C (CYS-C), Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM -1) levels were measured in serum samples. Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the supernatant obtained from kidney tissue were analyzed by ELISA method. Compared with AS group, uric acid and creatinine levels of the AS+CS group were significantly decreased (p<0.001), urea, KIM -1, CYS-C, NGAL, and MDA levels were numerically decreased and CAT, GSH, and SOD levels were numerically increased (p>0.05). In conclusion, based on both biochemical and histopathological-immunohistochemical-immunofluorescence findings, it can be concluded that chitosan attenuates kidney injury and protects the kidney.Öğe The effect of ?-carotene and vitamin E on metabolic profiles in nutritionally flushed sheep(South African Journal Of Animal Sciences, 2022) Irmak, M.; Kayri, V.; Tufan, T.; Coskun, D.; Ozcan, C.; celik, O. Y.; Denli, M.This study aimed to investigate the effects of 6-carotene and vitamin E on serum biochemistry, body condition score, and the number of offspring in sheep during the flushing period. To this purpose, forty Romanov sheep 45 (& PLUSMN;1 kg) body weight and 3 years of age were allocated into one of four experimental treatments with 10 replicates for 6 weeks: the control (only flushing), and three treatment groups injected intramuscularly with 1, 2, and 4 ml 6-carotene + vitamin E in the third week of flushing, respectively. The 4-ml treatment of 6-carotene + vitamin E evidently increased the follicle-stimulating hormone level. The 2-ml treatment of 6-carotene + vitamin E increased the triglyceride concentration in the serum. Body condition score, offspring number, and biochemical parameters (cholesterol, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, aspartate aminotransferase, beta hydroxyl butyric acid, total protein, and glucose) were not affected by any levels of 6-carotene + vitamin E administration. These findings indicate the positive role of 6-carotene + vitamin E administration on pregnancy rate and some blood parameters during flushing.
