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    A computational fluid dynamics analysis on Fe3O4-H2O based nanofluid axisymmetric flow over a rotating disk with heat transfer enhancement
    (Nature Portfolio, 2023) Farooq, Umar; Hassan, Ali; Fatima, Nahid; Imran, Muhammad; Alqurashi, M. S.; Noreen, Sobia; Akgul, Ali
    In present times modern electronic devices often come across thermal difficulties as an outcome of excessive heat production or reduction in surface area for heat exclusion. The current study is aimed to inspect the role of iron (III) oxide in heat transfer enhancement over the rotating disk in an axisymmetric flow. Water is utilized as base fluid conveying nano-particle over the revolving axisymmetric flow mechanism. Additionally, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach is taken into consideration to design and compute the present problem. For our convenience, two-dimensional axisymmetric flow configurations are considered to illustrate the different flow profiles. For radial, axial, and tangential velocity profiles, the magnitude of the velocity, streamlines, and surface graphs are evaluated with the similarity solution in the computational fluid dynamics module. The solution of dimensionless equations and the outcomes of direct simulations in the CFD module show a comparable solution of the velocity profile. It is observed that with an increment in nanoparticle volumetric concentration the radial velocity decline where a tangential motion of flow enhances. Streamlines stretch around the circular surface with the passage of time. The high magnetization force 0 = m(1) = 6 resist the free motion of the nanofluid around the rotating disk. Such research has never been done, to the best of the researchers' knowledge. The outcomes of this numerical analysis could be used for the design, control, and optimization of numerous thermal engineering systems, as described above, due to the intricate physics of nanofluid under the influences of magnetic field and the inclusion of complex geometry. Ferrofluids are metallic nanoparticle colloidal solutions. These kinds of fluids do not exist in nature. Depending on their purpose, ferrofluids are produced using a variety of processes. One of the most essential characteristics of ferrofluids is that they operate in a zero-gravity environment. Ferrofluids have a wide range of uses in engineering and medicine. Ferrofluids have several uses, including heat control loudspeakers and frictionless sealing. In the sphere of medicine, however, ferrofluid is employed in the treatment of cancer via magneto hyperthermia.
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    Analysis of Kerosene oil conveying silver and Manganese zinc ferrite nanoparticles with hybrid Nanofluid: Effects of increasing the Lorentz Force, Suction, and volume fraction
    (Elsevier, 2024) Farooq, Umar; Imran, Muhammad; Fatima, Nahid; Noreen, Sobia; Alhushaybari, Abdullah; Akgul, Ali; de la Sen, Manuel
    The current study aims to explore the magnetic field on a spinning disk with the hybrid nanofluid flow and Cattaneo-Christov heat theory in the existence of nonlinear thermal radiation incorporating Ag and MnZnFe2O4 nanoparticles. Because silver may increase the thermal characteristics of the base material, it has a wide variety of industrial, pharmaceutical, power generation, and heating and cooling applications. The thermal properties of a hybrid nanofluid were to be found by exploring the aspect of nanomaterials on heat transfer and fluid flow. The principal partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity treatments. With the aid of the shooting strategy, higher-order ordinary differential equations are converted to first-order ordinary differential equations. To present the numerical data and graphical results of the flow parameters, the built-in solver Bvp4c in the computational tool MATLAB is used. Several plots are also used to investigate the upshot of physical parameters on the graphically depicted profiles, such as the suction and injection parameter, magnetic parameter, Prandtl number, temperature ratio parameter, thermal radiation parameter, thermal relaxation parameter, and volume friction nanoparticles. For the magnetic parameter, both velocity profiles dropped, but the heat profile increased. When the temperature ratio and heat source-sink parameters were increased while the Prandtl number was decreased, the heat field increased.(c) 2023 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier BV on behalf of Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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    Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model in radiative flow of (Fe3O4- TiO2/Transformer oil) and (Cu- TiO2/Transformer oil) magnetized hybrid nanofluids past through double rotating disks
    (Elsevier, 2023) Farooq, Umar; Imran, Muhammad; Fatima, Nahid; Noreen, Sobia; Tahir, Madeeha; Akgul, Ali; De la Sen, Manuel
    Recent progresses in nanotechnologies and nanoscience have led to the creation of hybrid nano-fluids, which are a complicated category of fluids with superior thermal features to regular nano-fluids. The current framework demonstrates the importance of a two-dimensional steady incompressible axisymmetric flow of Maxwell hybrid nanofluid over double disks with thermal radiation. This investigation analyzes a novel idea regarding the execution of the Cattaneo-Christov heat theory and melting phenomenon by considering transformer oil as a base fluid. Two dissimilar classes of hybrid nanofluid, Iron-Titanium oxide/Transformer oil (Fe3O4-TiO2/TO) and Cop-per-Titanium oxide/Transformer oil (Cu-TiO2/TO) have been taken into our research work. The main equations (PDEs)are translated into a present set of ODEs using the necessary similarity var-iables. In MATLAB, the shooting scheme is utilized to evaluate the numerical and graphical out-comes of physical flow parameters. The radial velocity rose as the volume fraction of nanoparticles increased. The radial velocity field is increased as the porosity parameter is enhanced. The tem-perature profile is decreased with increasing the values of the thermal redaction parameter. Furthermore, because of the higher compactness of the copper nanoparticles, the addition of the volume fraction of nanoparticles slows the flow profile, and because copper is an excellent conductor of heat, it raises the fluid temperature throughout the domain. The mathematical fallouts also tackle the idea of employing magnetized spinning discs in space engines and nuclear propulsion, and such a model carries useful applications in heat transfer enhancement in a wide range of in-dustrial thermal management devices and renewable energy generation systems.
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    Characteristics of sodium alginate-based hybrid nanofluid and darcy-forchheimer flow induced by starching surface with thermal radiation and Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Farooq, Umar; Maatki, Chemseddine; Kriaa, Karim; Hadrich, Bilel; Imran, Muhammad; Noreen, Sobia; Waqas, Hassan
    In today's industrial age, one of the most pressing challenges is to find an efficient heat transfer fluid because common fluids don't provide efficient heating and cooling in industries. This paper aims to explore the flow and heat transfer characteristics of (SWCNT-Ag/ Sodium Alginate) and (MWCNT-Cu/ Sodium Alginate) based hybrid nanofluids in the presence of Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model and thermal radiation on a surface. To achieve this, we transform the modeled partial differential equations (PDEs) into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using suitable similarity variables. These equations are then solved using MATLAB software (bvp4c) to illustrate the influence of important controlling parameters, presented in both tabular and graphical formats. It is noted that raising the Inertia coefficient parameter leads to a drop in the velocity distribution profile of the (SWCNT-Ag/ Sodium Alginate) and (MWCNT-Cu/ Sodium Alginate) based hybrid nanofluid. Enhancing the rotation parameter of (SWCNT-Ag/ Sodium Alginate) and (MWCNT-Cu/ Sodium Alginate) based hybrid nanofluid decreases the velocity distribution profile. The increasing values of the thermal radiation parameter and Biot number increased the thermal distribution profile while the fall down for the enhancing values of the melting parameter. The convergence ranges of emerged flow parameters are listed here(0.1
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    Comparative study of ternary hybrid nanofluids with role of thermal radiation and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux between double rotating disks
    (Nature Portfolio, 2023) Noreen, Sobia; Farooq, Umar; Waqas, Hassan; Fatima, Nahid; Alqurashi, M. S.; Imran, Muhammad; Akguel, Ali
    Heat and mass transfer are crucial to numerous technical and commercial operations, including air conditioning, machinery power collectors, crop damage, processing food, heat transfer mechanisms, and cooling, among numerous others. The fundamental purpose of this research is to use the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model to disclose an MHD flow of ternary hybrid nanofluid through double discs. The results of a heat source and a magnetic field are therefore included in a system of PDEs that model the occurrences. These are transformed into an ODE system using similarity replacements. The first-order differential equations that emerge are then handled using the computational technique Bvp4c shooting scheme. The Bvp4c function in MATLAB is used to numerically solve the governing equations. The influence of the key important factors on velocity, temperature, nanoparticles concentration, and is illustrated visually. Furthermore, increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles improves thermal conduction, increasing the heat transfer rate at the top disc. The graph indicates that a slight increase in melting parameter rapidly declines the velocity distribution profile of nanofluid. The temperature profile was boosted due to the growing outcomes of the Prandtl number. The increasing variations of the thermal relaxation parameter decline the thermal distribution profile. Furthermore, for some exceptional instances, the obtained numerical answers were compared to previously disclosed data, yielding a satisfactory compromise. We believe that this discovery will have far-reaching ramifications in engineering, medicine, and the field of biomedical technology. Additionally, this model can be used to examine biological mechanisms, surgical techniques, nano-pharmacological drug delivery systems, and the therapy of diseases like cholesterol using nanotechnology.
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    Comprehensive investigations of (Au-Ag/Blood and Cu-Fe3O4/Blood) hybrid nanofluid over two rotating disks: Numerical and computational approach
    (Elsevier, 2023) Basit, Muhammad Abdul; Farooq, Umar; Imran, Muhammad; Fatima, Nahid; Alhushaybari, Abdullah; Noreen, Sobia; Eldin, Sayed M.
    The purpose of this work is to investigate the Darcy-Forchheimer flow of a hybrid nano -fluid within two parallel discs. We combine gold Au, silver Ag, copper Cu, and iron oxide Fe3O4 nanoparticles with base fluid blood in this framework. An appropriate similarity variables tech-nique is implemented to transform partial differential systems into ordinary systems. In the results validation section, the numerical result is evaluated using a higher-order precise algorithm (bvp4c), and determined to the analytical result is by making use of the firing approach. Pictorial judgments revealed the estimates of several physical variables that arise over the momentum distribution and thermal distribution profiles. As compared to nanofluid, hybrid nanofluid significantly improves heat transfer rate. The thermal profile is improved when the Brinkman number increases in value. As the porosity parameter is increased, the velocity profile decreases. As the amplitude of the rota-tion parameter increases, so does the pressure profile. The Darcy-Forchheimer medium investiga-tion of a hybrid nano-fluid streaming through the middle of two parallel disks is addressed, taking into account viscous dissipation and heat radiation for various nanoparticles. Additionally, enough agreement is observed when the numerical findings are compared to previously reported and analytical data. As compared to simple nanofluids, hybrid nanofluids have shown higher ther-mal properties and stability, making them attractive candidates for thermal applications such as solar thermal systems, automotive cooling systems, heat sinks, engineering, medical fields, or ther-mal energy storage.(c) 2023 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier BV on behalf of Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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    Computational framework of cobalt ferrite and silver-based hybrid nanofluid over a rotating disk and cone: a comparative study
    (Nature Portfolio, 2023) Farooq, Umar; Waqas, Hassan; Fatima, Nahid; Imran, Muhammad; Noreen, Sobia; Bariq, Abdul; Akgul, Ali
    The dominant characteristics of hybrid nanofluids, including rapid heat transfer rates, superior electrical and thermal conductivity, and low cost, have effectively piqued the interest of global researchers. The current study will look at the impacts of a silver and cobalt ferrite-based hybrid nanofluid with MHD between a revolving disk and cone. The collection of partial differentiable equations is converted into a set of ODEs via similarity transformations. We used the Homotopy analysis approach from the BVPh 2.0 package to solve the ordinary differential equations. The volume proportion of nanoparticles increases and the temperature distribution profile also increased. It is more efficient for metallurgical, medicinal, and electrical applications. Furthermore, the antibacterial capabilities of silver nanoparticles might be used to restrict the growth of bacteria. A circulating disc with a stationary cone has been identified to provide the optimal cooling of the cone disc device while maintaining the outer edge temperature constant. This study's findings might be useful in materials science and engineering. The usage of hybrid nanofluid in heat transfer and heat pumps, coolants in manufacturing and production, producing cooling, refrigerators, solar thermal collectors, and heating, air conditioning, and climate control applications are only a few examples.
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    Computational modeling of thermal radiation and activation energy effects in Casson nanofluid flow with bioconvection and microorganisms over a disk
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Aboel-Magd, Yasser; Basem, Ali; Farooq, Umar; Fatima, Nahid; Noreen, Sobia; Waqas, Hassan; Akgül, Ali
    Ensuring sustained thermal propagation is a crucial role in many industrial and thermal systems since it facilitates the improvement of the efficiency of thermal engineering engines and machinery. Therefore, the usage of magnetized nanoparticles in a heat-carrying non-Newtonian fluid is a promising development for the enhancement of thermal power energy. This paper uniquely contributes by comprehensively analyzing heat and mass transfer characteristics in a Casson nanofluid subjected to bioconvection over a disk. The study also explores in detail the interaction of gyrotactic microorganisms, and activation energy in the system. Similarity transformations have been used to make the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) dimensionless, which has then transformed them into ordinary differential equations. The solution method has utilized the Shooting technique combined with the Bvp4c solver in MATLAB. Graphs have been drawn to explain the different parameters of the flow; also, other engineering quantities, like motile microbes density and Sherwood numbers, have been calculated and are represented graphically. Furthermore, the interplay of mixed convection, buoyancy ratio, bioconvection Rayleigh constant, and resistivity due to magnetization significantly influences the distribution of velocity in the Casson nanofluid. Remarkably, parameters that characterize the motile microorganism profile significantly attenuate said profile; therefore, they play a very important role in shaping the system dynamics. The application of bioconvection phenomena spans diverse fields, ranging from healthcare and environmental monitoring to agriculture and renewable energy, offering innovative solutions to address complex challenges. © 2024
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    Numerical approach toward ternary hybrid nanofluid flow with nonlinear heat source-sink and fourier heat flux model passing through a disk
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023) Alqawasmi, Khaled; Alharbi, Khalid Abdulkhaliq M.; Farooq, Umar; Noreen, Sobia; Imran, Muhammad; Akgül, Ali; Kanan, Mohammad
    The use of a ternary hybrid nanofluid, a new form of nanofluid, can improve heat movement. The current research employs a two-dimensional steady model to investigate nonlinear thermal radiation via ternary hybrid nanofluid flow across a revolving disc. The study of manganese zinc ferrite, copper, and silver nanocomposite base hybrid nanofluid across a spinning disc is gaining traction in invention and research due to its broad range of applications. To derive dimensionless forms of regulating paired nonlinear partial differential equations, a collection of pertinent similarity transformations is used. Based on the shooting method, the modified collection of ODEs is then analytically solved by bvp4c via the computational tool MATLAB. Furthermore, as the magnetic parameter values are reduced, the fluid velocity declines while the fluid temperature grows over a spinning disc. For larger levels, the temperature of the distribution and the radiant heat component rises. The ternary composite nanofluid has the largest impact on the surface. Furthermore, compared to the hybrid and based nanofluids, the heat generation rate of the ternary nanofluid combination is the higher transmission. The significance of Ag nanoparticles in the food industry is because of their anti-bacterial and anti-fungicidal properties, silver (Ag) is widely used in everyday products such as fabrics, pastes, polymers, food, and detergents. Manganese zinc ferrites (MnZnFe2O4) have recently piqued the interest of material science researchers due to their broad variety of applications. They are extensively used in energy storage devices, catalysts, adsorbents, sensing and imaging, therapeutic action, and other applications. © 2023 The Author(s)
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    Numerical framework of hybrid nanofluid over two horizontal parallel plates with non-linear thermal radiation
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023) Farooq, Umar; Waqas, Hassan; Noreen, Sobia; Imran, Muhammad; Akgül, Ali; Baleanu, Dumitru; Din, Sayed M.El
    Significance of study: High combustion temperatures necessitate appropriate cooling systems in the combustion process. Regenerative cooling is used in the majority of chambers in liquid propellant engines. The addition of nanoparticles to the cooling fluid is a novel technique to increase the efficiency of heat transfer in the regenerative cooling process. Aim of the study: In this investigation, we investigate the two-dimensional flow of the hybrid nanofluid with suction/injection effect over two horizontal parallel plates. The non-linear thermal radiation effect is measured in the model of a hybrid nanofluid. Here we use single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, nickel-zinc iron oxide, and manganese zinc iron oxide with base fluid engine oil. The effects of different shape factors (Sphere, Bricks, Cylinder, Platelets, Column, and Lamina)are also incorporated. Research methodology: Using appropriate similarity transformations, the controlling partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations. Using the shooting strategy, the transformed higher-order ordinary differential equations are converted to first-order ordinary differential equations, and the Bvp4c built-in function in MATLAB is used to produce the numerical and graphical results of the flow parameter. Conclusion: The velocity profile is decreased by the increasing values of the suction/injection parameter. The temperature distribution profile declined for the higher values of the temperature ratio parameter. The combination of nickel zinc iron oxide and carbon nanotube nanomaterials to engine oil as a cooling fluid enhanced the heat transfer coefficient. According to the findings, carbon nanotubes outperform nickel zinc iron oxide nanoparticles in terms of increasing heat transfer coefficient and improving regenerative cooling. © 2023 The Author(s)
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    Numerical solution of Maxwell-Sutterby nanofluid flow inside a stretching sheet with thermal radiation, exponential heat source/sink, and bioconvection
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023) Alharbi, Khalid Abdulkhaliq M.; Farooq, Umar; Waqas, Hassan; Imran, Muhammad; Noreen, Sobia; Akgül, Ali; Baleanu, Dumitru
    A Survey of literature illustrates that nano liquid is further helpful for heat transportation as compared to regular liquid. Nonetheless, there are considerable gaps in our understanding of existing approaches for enhancing heat transmission in nanofluids, necessitating comprehensive research of these fluids. The current approach proposes to investigate the influence of a Maxwell-Sutterby nanofluid on a sheet while accounting for heat radiation. This paper investigates activation energy, and exponential heat source/sink. Bioconvection and motile microorganisms with Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects are considered.y linked similarity transformations, the boundary layer set of controlling partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations. A numerical strategy (shooting technique) is used to handle the transformed system of ordinary differential equations through the Bvp4c solver of the computing tool MATLAB. The results for velocity and temperature, concentration, and motile microbe profiles are numerically and graphically examined for various parameters. The velocity distribution profile decreased as the magnetic parameter varied, but increased when the mixed convection parameter increased in magnitude. The heat flux profile is improved with higher estimations of the Biot number and thermophoresis parameter. When the Prandtl number and the Brownian motion parameter's values rise, the energy profile falls. When the Peclet number and bioconvection Lewis number increased, the profile of mobile microorganisms dropped. © 2023
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    Recent progress in Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass fluxes for bioconvectional Carreau nanofluid with motile microorganisms and activation energy passing through a nonlinear stretching cylinder
    (Elsevier, 2024) Farooq, Umar; Basit, Muhammad Abdul; Noreen, Sobia; Fatima, Nahid; Alhushaybari, Abdullah; El Din, Sayed M.; Imran, Muhammad
    Aims: In the current study, the flow of Carreau nano-fluid through the stretched cylinder is subject to the influences of activation energy and heat source/sink with the Cattaneo-Christov heat fluxes model studied. Applications in recent times are the purpose of better heat and mass transport nanoparticles used for this purpose because of their better thermal conductivity than normal fluids. Nanofluids are used in medicines like agricultural sprays and with time it is used in the microprocessor for cooling and also used in the refrigeration industry as coolant. Methodology: The mathematical model was developed by taking these things into account and getting a model of nonlinear partial differential equations for administering this problem. These governing equations system modified into a system of ODE by utilizing appropriate similarity transform. For numerical computation or simulation, the 'bvp4c' built-in package of MATLAB is used to implement the shooting technique. Smooth implementation took place by introducing a set of variables to make our system dimensionless. Results/Conclusion: Graphical representation depicts the profiles of concentration, velocity, thermal, and microorganism density, and the impacts of various modeling quantities on these profiles are also discussed and elaborated. In tabular analysis, a contrast of computed outcomes with the previously available outcomes shows the accuracy of our computed results at different values of physical parameters. The presence of motile microorganisms improved the heat transfer rate. (c) 2023 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier BV on behalf of Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-nd/4.0/).