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    Oxidative Stress Tolerance Mechanism in Rice under Salinity
    (Tech Science Press, 2020) Monsur, Mahmuda Binte; Ivy, Nasrin Akter; Haque, M. Moynul; Hasanuzzaman, Mirza; EL Sabagh, Ayman; Rohman, Md Motiar
    The research was conducted to investigate comparative oxidative damage including probable protective roles of antioxidant and glyoxalase systems in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings under salinity stress. Seedlings of two rice genotypes: Pokkali (tolerant) and BRRI dhan28 (sensitive) were subjected to 8 dSm(-1) salinity stress for seven days in a hydroponic system. We observed significant variation between Pokkali and BRRI dhan28 in phenotypic, biochemical and molecular level under salinity stress. Carotenoid content, ion homeostasis, antioxidant enzymes, ascorbate and glutathione redox system and proline accumulation may help Pokkali to develop defense system during salinity stress. However, the activity antioxidant enzymes particularly superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and non-chloroplastic peroxidase (POD) were observed significantly higher in Pokkali compared to salt-sensitive BRRI dhan28. Higher glyoxalase (Gly-I) and glyoxalase (Gly-II) activity might have also accompanied Pokkali genotype to reduce potential cytotoxic MG through non-toxic hydroxy acids conversion. However, the efficient antioxidants and glyoxalase system together increased adaptability in Pokkali during salinity stress.
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    Saline Toxicity and Antioxidant Response in Oryza sativa: An Updated Review
    (Springer Nature, 2022) Monsur, Mahmuda Binte; Datta, Juel; Rohman, Md. Motiar; Hasanuzzaman, Mirza; Hossain, Akbar; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Bukhari, Maham Asif
    Abiotic stresses such as drought, waterlogging, extreme temperatures, salinity, and mineral toxicity negatively impact the growth and development, yield, and seed quality of crop plants. Presently, abiotic stresses are severely affecting crop yields, resulting in higher economic losses for the farmers. One of the severe consequences of abiotic stresses is the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which results in oxidative stress. However, plants possess antioxidative defense machinery to protect against oxidative stress. The underlying mechanisms of antioxidant defense in rice plants have been published in many papers in recent decades. In this review, we aim at summarizing the updated information on physiological interventions in making rice plants more tolerant to salt-induced oxidative stress. We also focused on the understanding of the physiological mechanisms in rice under salinity stress that could facilitate the development of salt-tolerant cultivars. This review aims to know the activity of antioxidant enzymes and other proteins response in saline-stress conditions, and which proteomics and molecular markers were used to assess oxidative stress and antioxidants to discriminate cultivars, genotypes, or species for salt tolerance were also included. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.