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    Dynamics of Oxidants, Antioxidants and Hormones During Different Phases of Pregnancy in Hairy Goats
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2021) Cetin, Nebi; Eski, Funda; Mis, Leyla; Naseer, Zahid; Bolacali, Memis
    The aim of the present study was to observe the variation in oxidant (MDA), antioxidants (SOD, GSH, GSH-Px) and hormones (P4 and E2) levels in pregnant hairy goats during breeding season. In the this study, twenty hairy goats were synchronized by using sponges containing progesterone (fluorogestone acetate). The animals showing oestrus were inseminated twice, first at 18th -24th h and second at 36th - 48th h of oestrus. On 35th and 42nd days after insemination, pregnancy diagnosis examination was performed with transrectal ultrasonography. The blood samples were collected from pregnant goats at 0,11, 24, 57, 100, 134, 141 days of gestation and immediately after the parturation. Serum samples collected at estrus and different stages of gestation were analyzed for MDA, SOD, GSH-Px, GSH, P4 and E2 concentrations using standard protocols. The results showed that MDA level did not change in pregnant goats. The SOD, GSH and GSH-Px levels also shown a similar pattern throughout pregnancy period. The peak (P<0.05) level of progesterone was recorded between 11th to 134th days of gestation. At time of estrus (day 0) and late gestation (day 134 and 141), the concentrations estradiol reached at maximal level (P<0.05) in hairy goats. In conclusion, the oxidants and antoixidants do not change with respect to dynamics of progesterone or estradiol level during gestation period in black hairy goats.
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    The Effects of Grape Seed Extract on Insulin, Adiponectin and Resistin Levels in Diabetic Rats
    (2021) Söğütlü, İnci; Mert, Nihat; Mert, Handan; Mis, Leyla; Yılmaz, Halil Cumhur; İrak, Kıvanç
    In this study, the effects of grape seed extract on insulin, adiponectin and resistin levels in diabetic rats were aimed to investigate. Weight of about 300-350g 7-8 weeks 32 female Wistar Albino rats were used. Weight of about 300-350g 7-8 weeks 32 female Wistar Albino rats randomly divided into four groups of eight each: control group (C), group with diabetes (DM), grape seed extract group (GSE), diabetes mellitus and grape seed extract group (DM+GSE). The diabetic group 45 mg/kg single dose of streptozotocin was administered intraperitoneally, and the grape seed extract groups (DM+GSE and GSE) grape seed extract was given orally every day with an intragastric tube for 20 days (0.6 ml/rat). Blood samples were taken from the hearts of rat’s end of the experiment. The sera obtained were used for insulin, adiponectin and resistin analysis measured via ELISA with commercial kits. The insulin and adiponectin levels of the rats in the diabetes + grape seed extract group were found to be higher than those in the diabetes group. There was no significant change in the resistin level differences between the groups. As a result; It is possible to say that grape seed extract has an increasing effect on insulin level and adiponectin levels of diabetic rats are decreased due to diabetes and it has no significant effect on resistin levels. Detected by the positive effects of grape seed extracts, it may be useful to use for the regulating of the diabetes in human.