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    Material Recycling
    (Elsevier Inc., 2018) Sahin, Omer; Kirim, Yavuz
    Material recycling for utilizing material and energy recovery from various wastes including plastic, tire, automotive shredded parts, paper, etc. minimizes landfilling and reduces new feedstocks and energy sources. In this chapter, four main recycling methods, namely mechanical recycling, chemical or feedstock recycling, and quaternary or energy recycling, are reviewed. The last three methods are the major issues in this chapter since they provide energy feedstocks or direct energy resources. Thermal and catalytic pyrolysis technologies were investigated providing kinetic studies and the effects of catalyst absence and presence. Gasification and incineration of plastic solid wastes (PSW), waste tires (WT), and municipal solid wastes (MSW) are also reviewed. Lower heating value (LHV) of syngas and incineration products obtained from gasification and incineration process, and pilot and commercial scales of gasification and incineration facilities around the world are studied in this chapter. © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Öğe
    Techno-economic and hybrid energy system analyses of hazelnut shell gasification based on geographical information system
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Kirim, Yavuz; Yıldız, Ertuğrul; Sadikoglu, Hasan; Melikoglu, Mehmet
    In this study, electricity generation from hazelnut shells via gasification is studied in detail using Aspen Plus and economic analysis of the hazelnut gasification is thoroughly investigated. Novel to this study, hybrid energy generation potential of hazelnut shell gasification with different alternatives including PV are explored and H2 production from hazelnut shell is simulated in Aspen Plus. Mass flow of main outlet products (CO and H2) is 1103.43 kg/hr and 81.62 kg/hr, respectively. GIS is used to define the optimum area for the proposed hazelnut shell gasification plant. The production of syngas obtained from Aspen Plus simulation is estimated as 21,286,234 Nm3/yr, NPC and IRR values of the proposed gasification plant using method of time value of money are calculated as $106,673 and 28 %, respectively. NPC and COE of hybrid renewable energy system including battery storage are calculated as $6.87 M and $0.715, respectively. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd