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    The effect of neurolinguistic programming and progressive muscle relaxation exercises on breastfeeding success and breastfeeding self-efficacy: A randomized controlled trial
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2024) Kilicli, Aysegul; Gul, Sidar
    Introduction: This research was to determine the effect of neurolinguistic programming (NLP) and progressive muscle relaxation exercises (PMRE) on breastfeeding success and breastfeeding self-efficacy in primiparous women after cesarean section. Material and methods: This is a single-blind, three-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. Data were collected between 01 October 2023, and 18 December 2023. The sample of the study consisted of 99 primiparous women who gave birth by cesarean section (NLP=33, PMRE=33, and control=33). Women were randomly assigned to the groups. Starting from the first mobilization time after cesarean section, NLP was applied to the NLP group and PMRE was applied to the PMRE group every eight hours for 48 h. In the control group, NLP or PMRE was not applied and the women were allowed to rest on their backs. The primary outcomes of the study were breastfeeding success and breastfeeding self-efficacy. Results: The mean scores of breastfeeding success and breastfeeding self-efficacy measured over time were highest in the NLP group and lowest in the control group (p<.05). The mean scores of breastfeeding success and breastfeeding self-efficacy measured over time increased by 78.4 %, and 97.7 %, respectively, in the NLP group compared to the control group, 74.7 %, and 88.1 %, in the PMRE group compared to the control group, and 13.5 %, and 90.2 %, respectively, in the NLP group compared to the PMRE group (p<.05). Conclusion: NLP intervention may have a more positive effect on breastfeeding success and breastfeeding self-efficacy than PMRE intervention. Trial and protocol registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06070792.
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    The effect of neurolinguistic programming on labor pain, fear, duration and maternal satisfaction: A randomized controlled trial
    (Elsevier, 2024) Kilicli, Aysegul; Gul, Sidar
    Objectives: Labor pain is one of the most severe pains experienced by women. In the literature, there is no research examining the effect of Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP) on birth pain and fear. It was aimed to determine the effect of NLP on labor pain, fear, duration, and maternal satisfaction in both nulliparous, and multiparous pregnant women. Design: This study consists of each with two arms, parallel-group randomized controlled trials, on two different samples for both nulliparous and multiparous women. Data were collected between 3 October 2023-21 January 2024. A total of 124 women (62 nulliparous and 62 multiparous women) who gave birth vaginally constituted the sample of the study. Both nulliparous and multiparous women were randomly assigned to groups. The primary outcomes were labor pain, fear, duration, and satisfaction. When the cervical span was 3-4, 5-6, and 7-8 cm, NLP was applied to the experimental group for 20 min each, the control group rested for 20 min each. Results: According to the measurement times, the mean pain score of the experimental group was lower than the control group. The mean VAS pain score measured over time decreased by 90.3 % in the NLP group compared to the control group for primiparous and 64.5 % compared to the control group for multiparous. In both nulliparous and multiparous, the fear of labor of the NLP group was lower, the duration of labor was shorter, and the satisfaction with labor was higher compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: NLP reduces labor pain and fear, shortens the duration of labor, and increases maternal satisfaction in labor.