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    Effects of some factors on growth of lambs and the determination of growth curve models
    (Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2018) Yilmaz, Ayhan; Karakus, Ferda; Bingol, Mehmet; Kaki, Baris; Ser, Gazel
    The aims were to identify the body weight of the several age groups in Norduz lambs and its correlations between these traits were to determine the best non-linear growth curve models for the growth performance of the Norduz sheep breed. A total of 91 male and female of Norduz lambs were evaluated under extensive system conditions. The least square means for weights at birth and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 165, 180, 195 and 210 days of age periods were 4.51 +/- 0.56, 9.28 +/- 0.25, 11.14 +/- 0.29, 14.99 +/- 0.37, 18.21 +/- 0.43, 22.54 +/- 0.54, 22.33 +/- 0.25, 23.59 +/- 0.54, 25.58 +/- 0.55, 28.07 +/- 0.58, 29.45 +/- 0.60, 29.98 +/- 0.84, 32.44 +/- 0.61, 32.03 +/- 0.59 and 31.45 +/- 0.57 kg, respectively. There were differences in favor of lambs of four-year old dams at 15 days of age and also lambs born single at 90 days of age for the body weight. The effect of weight of dam at birth, 30, 45, 60 days of age was significant (P<0.05-P<0.01) and the birth weight in lambs importantly effected the weights at 15, 30, and 45 days of age. All correlations between the body weights of several age periods were significant as statistical (P<0.01). As for the growth models, distinguished models were compared using the coefficient of determination and mean square error for both sexes. As a result, we concluded that von Bertalanffy model were the best model in comparison with the other models for biological growth curves in Norduz male and female lambs.
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    Evaluation of one-shot vaccination protocol for suppressing reproductive functions in rams using encapsulated ovalbumin-LHRH-7 protein
    (Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2018) Yilmaz, Ayhan; Karakus, Ferda; Hakan, Bunyamin; Stormo, Keith; Cengiz, Firat; Ulker, Hasan
    The objective of study were to determine the effectiveness of Ovalbumin-LHRH-7 (OL) protein administered with cytosine guanine (CpG) adjuvant and Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant (IFA), and used one-shot immunization (single-dose vaccination) protocol in which booster dose included in microspheres in rams. Fifty ram lambs at about a year old were used. Treatment groups receiving Ovalbumin LHRH and control contained 10 animals. They were stratified according to age (weeks), live weight and scrotal circumference size, and were randomly assigned to five groups. Scrotal circumference, sexual activities and the numbers of rams having sperm in the ejaculate were affected from treatment (P<0.05) depending on the dose and vaccination protocol. However, immunization did not affect live weight changes in any treatment groups (P>0.05). Findings clearly demonstrate that the effects of OL immunization on reproductive traits in yearling rams were prominent when it was administered at higher dose and classical one primary and one booster immunization as free protein form. Also we observed that the effect of higher and single dose of OL protein in encapsulated form on reproductive traits had the partial suppressing. CpG adjuvant along with IFA was proved to be an effective adjuvant and could be suggested to be used and alternative to FCA in hormone immunization.