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    Carbonic Anyhdrase Enzyme From The Siirt Mohair Goat Liver : Purification, Characterization and Assessment of Enzyme Kinetics Against Metal Toxicity
    (2017) Yerlikaya, Emrah; Karageçili, Hasan; Demirdağ, Ramazan; Kaya, Mustafa Oğuzhan
    Because of their physiological and clinical roles, carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are the most studied enzymes. In earlier studies; CA enzymes have been purified and characterized from the tissues and erythrocytes of many organisms such as; dog, swine, sheep, chicken, bee, fish, bovine, bacteria and human. In this study, the CA enzyme has purified from Siirt Mohair Goat liver tissue with 1930.84 EU.mg-1 of specific activity, 57.28% of purification yield and 80.55 of purification folds. The purity of the purified enzyme has confirmed by SDS-PAGE. As the characterization of CA enzyme’s in Siirt Mohair Goat liver has been done; the optimum ionic strength: 25 mM, the optimum pH: 8.0, the optimum temperature: 40ºC and the stable pH: 7.0 has been determined. Inhibitory effects of some metal ions have been examined on the purified CA enzyme. IC50 values of inhibiting metal ions were found as 2.24, 2.76, 2.36, 3.20, 2.55, 2.25, 3.28, 2.13, 3.10, 1.75, 2.16 and 3.50 mM for Al3+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Ba2+, Zn2+, B3+, Fe3+, Se2+, Ag+ and Co2+ respectively. As a result, CA enzyme was first purified from the Siirt Mohair Goat liver and the characteristics of the enzyme were investigated in this study.
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    Comparison of biochemical parameters of prevalent hemoglobinopathies with healthy individuals
    (2020) Yerlikaya, Emrah; Karageçili, Hasan; Kaya, Mustafa Oğuzhan
    Thalassemia is the most frequently seen monogenetic disorders around the world that is inherited as a recessive single-gene disease, resulting from mutations in ?-or?-globin gene clusters. In this study Beta Thalassemia Intermedia, Beta Thalassemia Minor, Sickle Cell Disease patients and the healthy control individuals both incidence and serum parameters were examined and analyzed retrospectively between 2015-2017 from Public Health information system. Beta Thalassemia Intermedia, BetaThalassemia Major, Beta Thalassemia Minor and Sickle Cell Disease patient groups incidences were evaluated on the basis of their HPLC analysis. Patients and controlgroups serum parameters levels were analyzed from their autoanalyzer results. These serum biochemical tests datas were controlled and taken from Siirt Public HealthCentre information system. In each year, there were recorded approximately 12 Beta Talassemia patients, 2 Beta Thallassemia Major patients, 340 Beta ThalassemiaMinor patients and 33 Sickle Cell Disease patients.Beta Thalassemia Intermedia patients serum parameters levels were compared with Beta Thalassemia Minor Patientsserum parameters and control group serum levels. There were seen statisticaly significant difference between Beta Thalassemia Intermedia patient’s serum ast, albumin,creatine, amylase, phosphor, iron, iron binding capacity, total protein, sodium, bilirubin direct, bilirubin total, LDH level and control serum parameters levels, p<0.05. Butthere were not seen statistically significant differences between Beta Thalassemia Minor patients serum levels and control serum levels. Studies like this should be donenationwide, in each city to determine the current state of abnormal hemoglobinopathies in Turkey. Thus, a broader, comprehensive national screening program is needed.
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    Epidemiological and clinical aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic and world common experiences in treatment: Turkey experience
    (Refik Saydam National Public Health Agency (RSNPHA), 2020) Karageçili, Hasan; Yildirim, Zuhal
    The COVID-19 outbreak like SARS and MERS would have been thought to end in China. But it has not been envisaged, spread in Iran then Italy to continental Europe and spread to America in very prevalant and in a very short time. It was thought that looking to China from Turkey was very distant story for us. When it showed that the heavy influence on Italy, gave us the idea to be our next photograph. No matter how slow the World Health Organization behaved, the fact that it declared the disease as a pandemic during this period, increased the seriousness. COVID-19, after confirmation with the PCR test, the detection of spread in the lungs with radiological imaging chest tomography is also done. Commonly presented clinical findings were characterized by fever, cough, headache and muscle weakness. Some person recovered with mild symptoms of this disease contrary to the high level of contagiousness without symptoms of this disease sign both a good and a bad condition. It is very crucial to avoid contact, to protect personal distance, to wear a mask and to pay attention to hand hygiene to prevent disease transmission from human to human. It is important for those with suspected diseases to isolate themselves, to be quarantined and to be kept under the supervision of a doctor. The screening and observation of patients with whom they have been in contact with their families for the last three days is the best way to break the chain of contamination. Teams established to filiation are working hard in our country. The number of patient cases in Turkey as of May 22, 154.500. The number of death was 4.276, with 2.8% ratio. COVID-19 case numbers and mortality rates declined with the curfew of over 65-year old people and younger than 20s. With the drugs that were used in the treatment protocol as hydroxychloroquine, favipiravir and supportive treatments, in Turkey, it is stated that the treatment was good. © 2020 Refik Saydam National Public Health Agency (RSNPHA).
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    EVALUATION OF INFECTION AGENT AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE DISTRIBUTION IN PALLIATIVE CARE PATIENTS WITH PRESSURE ULCERS
    (2022) Öztürk, Reyhan; Yıldırım, Filiz; Yıldırım, Zuhal; Şimşek, Asiye Ç.; Karageçili, Hasan
    Objectives: In our study, it was aimed to examine the distribution of infectious microorganisms, and antibiotic\rresistance status in palliative care patients with pressure ulcers followed in Ankara Polatlı Duatepe State\rHospital Palliative Care Service in 2019- 2020.\rMaterials and Methods: The sex, age, and detected diseases of a total of 178 palliative care patients included\rin our study were analyzed retrospectively. For determining the causative agents of pressure ulcer infections\rin these patients, Gram staining was performed on the bacterial cultures that developed in the wound samples,\rand the Vitek-2 (bioMérieux, France) automatic test device was used to identify these cultures and determine\rtheir antibiotic susceptibility.\rResults: It was observed that the single-agent microorganism grew in 26 of the cultures. When the 26 active\rmicroorganisms we detected in the wound culture growths were examined; it was observed that Escherichia\rcoli (n=9, 34.62%) and Proteus mirabilis (n=3, 11.54%) grew more frequently in enteric bacteria and\rPseudomonas aeruginosa (n=3, 11.54%) in non-fermentative bacteria. In our study, the absence of antibiotic\rresistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates was considered remarkable. In our study, 100% resistance was\rfound to antibiotics such as Ampicillin, Cefepime, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, Amoxicillin-clavulanate, and\rGentamicin in gram (+) bacteria, while 100% resistance was found against antibiotics such as Ceftriaxone,\rCiprofloxacin, and Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in gram (-) bacteria.\rConclusion: In the treatment of infection pressure ulcers, starting antibiotic therapy at the appropriate time\rand choosing the right antibiotic is one of the most important factors that determine the success of treatment.
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    HEMOGLOBİN VE NİTRİT BAĞIMLI TİROZİN NİTRASYONU
    (2017) Karageçili, Hasan; Kılınç, Kamer
    Nitric oxide (NO) reacts with oxyhemoglobin or oxymyoglobin resulting in the generation of nitrate and metHb or metMb. Unlike the case of nitrate, nitrite is not an innocuous end product of NO oxidation. Hemoproteins including several peroxidases are shown to cause nitrite oxidation in the presence of H2O2. Reactive nitrogen oxides generated in hemoprotein-catalyzed nitrite oxidation are held responsible for bactericidal and cytotoxic actions of nitrite. In this study with Griess method the oxidation of nitrite to nitrate in the presence of H2O2 by hemoglobin were searched. No nitrite oxidation was observed either in the absence of H2O2 or hemoglobin, showing that the reactive species causing nitrite oxidation is a oxoferryl complex (compound I) formed from the reaction of H2O2 with hemoglobin. In this study, similar to peroxidase enzymes, we found that hemoglobin causes the nitration of tyrosine. Hemoglobin-catalyzed tyrosine nitration was pH-dependent with the optimum pH of 6,0. Hemoglobin and H2O2 were essential components for tyrosine nitration. We have not observed any tyrosine nitration without hemoglobin even at the lowest pH studied. However during hemoglobin-catalyzed nitrite oxidation in the presence of H2O2, nitrating species are produced. We conclude that, by the series of reactions between hemoglobin, H2O2 and nitrite, nitrogen dioxide radical (NO2 - ) and/or peroxynitrite like reactive species are produced, and these species are responsible for tyrosine nitration.
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    Investigation of Changes in Nutrition/Eating Habits and Physical Activity Status of Nursing Students in the COVID-19 Period and Determination of Vaccination Status
    (2022) Yerlikaya, Emrah; Çelik, Halil Coşkun; Karageçili, Hasan
    In this study, it was aimed to examine the changes in the nutrition/eating habits and physical activity status of nursing students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) period and to determine the vaccination status of the students. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 324 students studying at the Faculty of Health Sciences Nursing Department of a university and selected by random sampling method were included. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage) and chi-square test were used in the analysis of the data collected through the online survey. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, an online questionnaire was prepared in the \"Google form\" application and students were provided to fill it voluntarily. It was determined that 123 (31.8%) of the students had COVID-19. It was determined that there were 258 (79.6%) students who were voluntarily vaccinated, 56 (17.3%) vaccinated against their own will, and 10 (3.1%) students who were not vaccinated. 276 (85.2%) students with BioNTech vaccine and 38 (11.7%) students with Sinovac vaccine were identified. 246 (75.9%) students who received two doses of vaccine, 40 (12.3%) students who received one dose of vaccine and 28 (8.6%) students who received three doses of vaccine were identified. When male and female students were compared based on body mass index in terms of maintaining their body weight, weight gain was observed in males. Although there was a decrease in physical activities and an increase in insomnia problems during the pandemic period, there was no increase in the rates of smoking and alcohol use.
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    Romanov Koyunları Amniyon Sıvısı ile Hyalüronidaz Aktivitesinin Araştırılması
    (2018) Kaya, Mustafa Oğuzhan; İrak, Kıvanç; Mersin, Seyrani; Yerlikaya, Emrah; Karageçili, Hasan
    Sığır testis hyalüronidazı (Bovine Testicular Hyaluronidase, BTH) endüstriyel alanda, kanser çalışmalarında ve birçokhayvan uygulamalarında oldukça önemli bir enzimdir. Bu çalışmada, Romanov ırkı koyunların amniyon sıvıları BTH enzimiiçin alternatif yeni bir substrat kaynağı olarak kullanılıp kullanılamayacağı araştırılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, ticari olaraksatın alınan hyalüronik asit (HA) ile tespit edilen BTH aktivitesi 9.187 U mL -1 bulunurken, 35 farklı amniyotik kesedenalınan sıvılar kullanılarak BTH aktivitesi 1.604-18.659 U mL -1 aralığında bulunmuştur. Romanov ırkı koyunların amniyonsıvısının HA içeriğinden dolayı BTH enzimi için bir substrat kaynağı olup olmadığına dair rapor edilen herhangi bir bilgiyerastlanmamıştır. Çalışma sonunda ticari HA substrat olarak kullanıldığında hesaplanan BTH aktivitesi ile amniyon sıvılarıkullanılarak elde edilen BTH aktiviteleri oldukça yakın olduğundan, Romanov ırkı koyunların amniyon sıvılarının yeni birHA kaynağı olabileceği düşünülmüştür.
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    Temel/ Klinik TIBBİ LABORATUVAR Yönetim, Kavramlar, Prensipler, Teknikler, Pratik Deneyler
    (Pelikan Yayınevi, 2018) Paşaoğlu, Hatice; Muhtaroğlu, Sabahattin; Ofluoğlu Demir, F.Ebru; Çiçek, Hülya; Bakır, Fatih; Karageçili, Hasan; Paşaoğlu, Özge Tuğçe
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    The Prevalence of Neoplasm Diseases and Investigation of Some Biochemical Serum Parameters
    (2021) Karageçili, Hasan; Yerlikaya, Emrah; Kaya, Mustafa Oğuzhan
    Aim: The aim of this work, investigating the skin, lung, and bone marrow-related cancer prevalence and biochemical serum parameters of all these cancer patients. Materials and Methods: The skin, lung, and bone marrow cancer patient's biochemical serum data were examined retrospectively using a hospital information system. Results: Basal cell carcinoma patients number were recorded as 155 with 63%, squamous cell carcinoma patients number were enrolled in73 with 30% and malign melanoma patients number were noted as 10 with 4%. Skin cancers were recorded to be the most seen cancer type in 246 patients with 22% between 2013-2017 years. All types of cancer patient's numbers were calculated as 1134 between these years. The very common incidences of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma cancers were observed on the upper part of the body, respectively on the face-cheek, nose, ear, eyelid, and lip. In this study, there was seen a statistically significant difference between skin cancer patient’s serum glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, sodium, bilirubin direct, bilirubin total, creatinine, urea level, and control group serum parameters level, p<0.05. The lung cancer patient numbers were recorded as 119 with 10.4 %, bone marrow patients numbers were enrolled in 113 with 10%. Two cancer groups were statistically different in terms of 5-years survival. Log Rank X2 = 8.68, p = 0.003, p<0.05. Conclusions: We recorded that skin cancer types and regions on the upper parts of the body were more because of exposure to the sun. The lung cancer survival rate was lower than bone marrow cancer. Moreover, we strongly emphasized that measuring the biochemical serum parameters was statistically significant in the diagnosis of cancer patients.
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    The role of Diabetes mellitus in the progression and prognosis of COVID-19
    (2022) Yıldırım, Filiz; Karageçili, Hasan; Öztürk, Reyhan; Yıldırım, Zuhal
    Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 of Coronaviruses types, is a highly infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which first appeared in China. The presence of comorbid diseases, especially diabetes, and advanced age are determinants of the mortality and morbidity of the disease. In this study, it was aimed to examine the possible role of Diabetes mellitus (DM) in the course of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Methods: In this study, the data of 81 patients who applied to Ankara Polatlı Duatepe State Hospital between January 01 and May 05, 2021 and were confirmed to have COVID-19 and were hospitalized in the COVID-19 service for 5 to 20 days were analyzed. 39 female and 42 male patients were included in the study and the patients were divided into three groups. COVID-19 group (n=26; 10 female, 16 male), COVID-19+DM group (n=28; 13 female, 15 male), and COVID-19+hypertension (HT) group (n=27; 16 female, 11 male). Demographic, clinical, radiological and laboratory records of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the groups when they matched for age and gender (p<0.05). The mean age of the COVID-19+DM and COVID-19+HT groups was higher than the COVID-19 group (p<0.05). COVID-19 group 55.96±15.545 years, COVID-19+DM 68.29±12.849 years, COVID-19+HT 71.48±11.416 years. Only 32 patients had positive PCR tests, and the rate was 39.5%. The number of patients with CT is 69, and the rate is 85.2%. The number of CT-positive patients is 56 and the positivity rate is 81%. The PCR test positivity rate is lower than the CT positivity rate. The serum fasting blood glucose (FBG) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly higher in the COVID-19+DM group when compared to the COVID-19 group and COVID-19+HT group (p<0.05). The serum sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) levels were significantly lower in the COVID-19+DM group when compared to the COVID-19 group and COVID-19+HT group (p<0.05). The serum creatinine and phosphorus (P) levels were significantly higher in the COVID-19+DM group when compared to the COVID-19 group (p<0.05).The serum hemoglobin (HGB) and hematocrit (HCT) levels were considerably higher in the COVID-19 group compared to the COVID-19+DM group (p<0.05). Conclusion: When all the data we obtained in our study are evaluated; we determined that the comorbidity effect of DM is important in the clinical course of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We think that SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia patients with diabetes may be more severe than those without diabetes in terms of organ damage, and inflammatory variables, and are more likely to evolve to a worse prognosis, regardless of whether the additional comorbidities were present or not.