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    Application of Nanoparticles for Improving Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Cotton
    (Apple Academic Press, 2025-02-21) Muhammad Ikram; Muhammad Faizan Khurram Maqsood; Abdul Rauf; Maryam Tahira; Maria Batool; Imran Khan; Asif Minhas; Jamila Dirbas; Muhammad Aamir Iqbal; Mohammad Sohidul Islam; Subhan Danish; Cetin Karademir; Emine Karademir; Rukiye Kiliç; Ayman El Sabagh
    In developing countries, major parts of the population are associated with agriculture for their livelihood and require innovative tools to address the problems of modern crop production. Because of its economic significance, cotton is one of the most important cash crops, commonly called “white gold.” However, its production is seriously threatened due to major abiotic adversaries such as temperature, drought, light, salt, nutrients, flooding, heavy metal pollution, and complex stresses such as harsh environments, saline-alkali soils, and coastal wetland environments. The negative impacts of abiotic stresses on plant growth and development result in lower lint output and financial losses. Nanotechnology is one of the most recent technologies developed to enable crop plants to survive and thrive under environmental stresses. The nanotechnology-based approaches can boost cotton production by minimizing the deleterious effects of abiotic stresses. Nanoparticles (NPs) can improve plant stress tolerance, crop quality and yield, and mitigate nutrient deficiencies. These benefits offered by NPs can be achieved through managing plant diseases, increasing chlorophyll content, and enhancing photosynthetic efficiency. Recent interest has developed in applying nano-pesticides, nano-herbicides, and nano-fertilizers as promising plant productivity enhancement technologies. Herein, recent advances have been synthesized on the negative consequences of NPs on the environment, human health, and the food chain, as well as their favorable effects on sustainable agriculture. Moreover, NPs’ uses for enhancing cotton productivity by averting the negative impacts of abiotic stresses have been objectively evaluated.
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    Nanotechnology: A Way Forward for Insect Pest Management
    (Apple Academic Press, 2025-02-21) Sheikh Aafreen Rehman; Sajad A. Ganie; Tamjeeda Nisar; Javeed A. Lone; Muhammad Jafir; Jamila Dirbas; Ayman El Sabagh
    Synthetic pesticides have become an unavoidable component of Indian agri-culture. The increased use of these chemicals in the agricultural industry has resulted in several health and environmental risks. Recently, nanotechnology has revolutionized the world because of its numerous benefits. Actually, nanotech-nology is an interdisciplinary science that has the potential to transform current technology. Nanotechnology is any engineered material, structure, or system that operates on a scale of a hundred nanometers or less. Nanoparticles have proper-ties and behave differently from coarser bulk materials with similar chemical compositions due to their nanoscale. Because the chemicals are smaller, they spread more evenly on the pest and host surfaces and thus provide better action than conventional pesticides. Several formulations have been created, including nanosuspensions, nanoemulsions, nanoencapsulation, and nanoparticles. Nano-formulated pesticides greatly reduce the dosage of chemical insecticides. Nanoparticles have been shown to cross biological membranes and kill cells. As a result, the role of nanotechnology in developing nanopesticides is an effective way to fill the gap in the conventional insecticide group.