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    Antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglaucoma, and anticholinergic effects of Tayfi grape (Vitis vinifera): A phytochemical screening by LC-MS/MS analysis
    (De Gruyter Poland Sp Z O O, 2023) Karagecili, Hasan; Izol, Ebubekir; Kirecci, Ekrem; Gulcin, Ilhami
    Grapes (Vitis vinifera), grape extracts, and grape products are known to possess beneficial effects. Antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition activities of Tayfi grape (Vitis vinifera) extracts were studied and compared to standards. The IC50 values of the ethanol extract of the Tayfi grape's scavenging abilities for ABTS(center dot+) and DPPH. radicals were found to be 5.9 and 16.1 mu g/mL, respectively, higher than those of positive controls. Also, the phenolic and flavonoid ingredients of the Tayfi grape seed ethanol extract were measured to be 82.8 mg GAE/g and 91 mg QE/g. The Tayfi grape seed water and ethanol extracts exhibited IC50 values of 5.3 and 5.8 mu g/mL toward a-glycosidase, respectively; 385.2 and 567.6 mu g/mL toward a-amylase; 27.1 and 13.8 mu g/mL toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE); and 54.7 and 12.6 mu g/mL toward CA II. Twenty-two biomolecules were detected by LC- MS/MS. The four types of conventional antibiotics utilized by hospitals proved ineffective against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The Tayfi grape ethanol and water extracts had high AChE, alpha-glycosidase, and CA II inhibitions in addition to having antioxidant activity. The use of Tayfi grape extracts for pharmacological purposes in individuals with the diseases mentioned above can be sustained by clinical pharmacology studies.
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    Determination of Antioxidant, Anti-Alzheimer, Antidiabetic, Antiglaucoma and Antimicrobial Effects of Zivzik Pomegranate (Punica granatum)-A Chemical Profiling by LC-MS/MS
    (Mdpi, 2023) Karagecili, Hasan; Izol, Ebubekir; Kirecci, Ekrem; Gulcin, Ilhami
    Zivzik pomegranate (Punica granatum) has recently sparked considerable interest due to its nutritional and antioxidant properties. To evaluate the antioxidant capacities of P. granatum juice, ethanol (EEZP), and water (WEZP) extracts from peel and seed, the antioxidant methods of 2,20-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid radical (ABTS(center dot)+) scavenging, 1,1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH center dot) scavenging, Fe3+-2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine (TPTZ) reducing, Fe3+ reducing, and Cu2+ reducing methods were used. The antioxidant capacities of samples were compared with the most commonly used synthetic antioxidants, i.e., BHA, BHT, ff-tocopherol, and Trolox. In terms of setting an example, the IC50 values of EEZP for ABTS(center dot)+ and DPPH center dot scavenging activities were found to be lower than standards, at 5.9 and 16.1 mu g/mL, respectively. The phenolic and flavonoid contents in EEZP peel were 59.7 mg GAE/g and 88.0 mg QE/g, respectively. Inhibition of ff-glycosidase, ff-amylase, acetylcholinesterase, and human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II) enzymes was also investigated. EEZP demonstrated IC50 values of 7.3 mu g/mL against ff-glycosidase, 317.7 mu g/mL against ff-amylase, 19.7 mu g/mL against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and 106.3 mu g/mL against CA II enzymes. A total of 53 phenolic compounds were scanned, and 30 compounds were determined using LC-MS/MS. E. coli and S. aureus bacteria were resistant to all four antibiotics used as standards in hospitals.