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Öğe Adaptation strategies for salinity stress in Maize: An overview on exogenous chemical and phyto-microbiome approaches(Apple Academic Press, 2024) Sabagh, Ayman El; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Aamiriqbal, Muhammad; Yasmin, Humaira; Zafar, Mohsin; Shafiq, Tayyab; Rajendran, KarthikaGlobal warming is the leading cause of soil salinity, which affects the productivity of various crops, including maize. Soil salinity disrupts various physiological and biochemical processes in maize, including photosynthesis, water relations, respiration, stomatal regulation, and biosynthesis of enzymes. Improved performance of maize in saline soils may result from knowledge of the resistance to salt stress and an overview of the management options. Several approaches, alone or in combination have aided in the reduction of the negative effects of salinity by increasing salt tolerance in maize. Exogenous compounds, such as osmoprotectants (OP), polyamines (PA), nitric oxide (NO), and phytohormones, are thought to be the most promising and effective against environmental stresses, and they play critical roles in increasing maize resistance to salt stress. Furthermore, the use of microbes, which have been shown to be capable of reducing abiotic stresses, is a novel and promising method, and the plant microbiome has the ability to promote development and protect the host via a variety of molecular pathways. This chapter provides an overview of the exogenous application of several compounds and phyto-microbiomes that mitigate the negative effects of salt stress on maize. © 2024 Apple Academic Press, Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Advances in Input Management for Food and Environmental Security(wiley, 2022) Sabagh, Ayman E. L.; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Hossain, Akbar; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Habib-ur-Rahman, Muhammad; Mansour, Fatma; Wasaya, AllahAchieving food security while protecting the environment in the context of future global climate changes is a great challenge to the sustainability of modern agricultural systems. Food production is likely to maintain priority over environmental protection. In modern agriculture, input management is very crucial for sustaining future food security and environmental protection which might be achieved by the integration of land, pest, disease, nutrient, and other resource management practices. This chapter focuses on the potential of next-generation input management techniques for safer food production and environmental protection. The possible impacts of next-generation input management techniques for safer and nutritious food production without environmental degradation as along with other vital dimensions of food security have been discussed. Additionally, next-generation input assessment studies, possible integration of different techniques, and approaches for food and environment security have been objectively described. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.Öğe Dose optimization of foliar applied gibberellic acid for newly developed of hybrid rice lines in Egypt(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2020) Omar, Abd Elhamid Mohamed; Khalifa, Mohammed Abdelmonem; Elhity, Mahmoud Abdelhamid; Yousef, Mahmoud Ibrahim Abo; Kizilgeci, Ferhat; Ozturk, Ferhat; Islam, Mohammad SohidulGibberellic acid (GA3) plays a vital role in boosting hybrid rice yield, however, fresh research needs to be done for its dose optimization especially for newly developed hybrid rice lines. To fill this research gap, an investigation was conducted at the experimental farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt during two growing seasons of 2017 and 2018. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of GA3 application on hybrid rice lines for boosting seed production. Egyptian hybrid No.l and G46 A/Giza 178 R were the hybrid rice lines, while GA3 in four doses viz. 0, 250, 300 and 350 g/ha were applied. The experimental design was split plot with three replications, where the main plot was devoted to hybrid rice lines, while the subplots had different doses of GA3. The results showed that the best desirable values for the studied characteristics especially for hybrid seed yield (2.5 t/ha) were recorded of the hybrid combination IR69625/Giza 178 followed by G46A/Gizal78 with the highest dose of GA3. It is concluded that foliage application of GA3@ 350 g/ha has the potential to enhance hybrid rice seed production, while hybrid rice line Giza 178 can be recommended for general adoption in the irrigated regions of Egypt. © PSPÖğe DOSE OPTIMIZATION OF FOLIAR APPLIED GIBBERELLIC ACID FOR NEWLY DEVELOPED OF HYBRID RICE LINES IN EGYPT(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2020) Omar, Abd Elhamid Mohamed; Khalifa, Mohammed Abdelmonem; Elhity, Mahmoud Abdelhamid; Yousef, Mahmoud Ibrahim Abo; Kizilgeci, Ferhat; Ozturk, Ferhat; Islam, Mohammad SohidulGibberellic acid (GA(3)) plays a vital role in boosting hybrid rice yield, however, fresh research needs to be done for its dose optimization especially for newly developed hybrid rice lines. To fill this research gap, an investigation was conducted at the experimental farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt during two growing seasons of 2017 and 2018. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of GA(3) application on hybrid rice lines for boosting seed production. Egyptian hybrid No.1 and G46 A/Giza 178 R were the hybrid rice lines, while GA(3) in four doses viz. 0, 250, 300 and 350 g/ha were applied. The experimental design was split plot with three replications, where the main plot was devoted to hybrid rice lines, while the subplots had different doses of GA(3). The results showed that the best desirable values for the studied characteristics especially for hybrid seed yield (2.5 t/ha) were recorded of the hybrid combination IR69625/Giza 178 followed by G46A/Giza178 with the highest dose of GA(3). It is concluded that foliage application of GA(3)@ 350 g/ha has the potential to enhance hybrid rice seed production. while hybrid rice line Giza 178 can be recommended for general adoption in the irrigated regions of Egypt.Öğe Effect of NaCl on physiological, biochemical, and ionic parameters of naked oat (Avena nuda L.) line Bayou1(Frontiers Media Sa, 2024) Liu, Liyun; Assaha, Dekoum V. M.; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Rajendran, Karthika; Theivasigamani, Parthasarathi; Soufan, Walid; Ayman, El SabaghOat (Avena nuda L.) is a globally important cereal crop grown for its nutritious grains and is considered as moderately salt-tolerant. Studying salinity tolerant mechanisms of oats could assist breeders in increasing oat production and their economic income in salt-affected areas, as the total amount of saline land in the world is still increasing. The present study was carried out to better understand the salt tolerance mechanism of the naked oat line Bayou1. A soil experiment was conducted on 17 days-old Bayou1 seedlings treated with varying concentrations of NaCl for a period of 12 days. Bayou1 plants grew optimally when treated with 50 mM NaCl, demonstrating their salinity tolerance. Reduced water uptake, decreased Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, and guaiacol peroxidase activity, as well as increased Na+ concentration in leaves, all contributed to a reduction in shoot growth. However, the damage to ionic homeostasis caused by increased Na+ concentrations and decreased K+ concentrations in the roots of Bayou1 did not inhibit its root growth, indicating that the main salt-tolerant mechanism in Bayou1 existed in its roots. Further, a hydroponic experiment found that increasing Na+ concentration in root cell sap enhanced root growth, while maintaining the integrity of root cell membranes. The accumulated Na+ may have facilitated the root growth of Bayou1 exposed to NaCl by effectively adjusting cellular osmotic potential, thereby ensuring root cell turgor and expansion.Öğe Effect of Storage Containers and Storage Periods on the Moisture Content, Germination and Biotic Status of Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) Seed(2024) Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Hafeez, A.S.M. Golam; Chowdhury, Md. Kaium; Pramanık, Moaz Hosen; Barı, A.K.M. Abdul; Aurıb, Khandakar; Çığ, FatihTo observe the moisture content and germination capacity of durum wheat seed stored in different storage containers for certain storage periods, a Lab. experiment was carried out at the Agronomy laboratory, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh during March-May 2016. The experiment was designed completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications under three storage periods (30, 45, and 60 days after storage) and three seed containers (sealed plastic container, polythene bag and gunny bag). Initial seed moisture content (MC) and germination percentage (GP) was measured before storage of seeds. Seeds stored in containers gradually absorb moisture from air with the advancement of storage periods, and air leaked storage container i.e., gunny bag quickly absorb moisture than other two containers. The maximum values of GP were recorded of durum wheat seed with 30 days after storage (DAS) and the GP reduced significantly with increasing storage periods from 30 to 45 DAS. The highest GP (78.00 %) was found at 30 DAS in sealed plastic container while the lowest (57.67 %) at 60 DAS in gunny bag. The rate of reduction was found to increase with the advancement of storage periods. Durum wheat seed kept in sealed plastic container and ply bag maintained the minimum MC and eventually showed highest GP. An outstanding performance of GP was observed in sealed plastic container seed while the gunny bag provided the inferior GP among all of the three containers. Several fungi was observed such as Alternaria, Aspergillus, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Penicillium and Rhizopus during germination study, although no insect was found to any storage container during the storage periods. Higher number of fungus was observed in seeds of gunny bag than sealed plastic container and poly bag. In conclusion, durum wheat seeds should be stored in air tight container for certain periods.Öğe Enhancing Canola Yield and Photosynthesis under Water Stress with Hydrogel Polymers(Tech Science Press, 2024) Badr, Elham A.; Bakhoum, Gehan Sh.; Sadak, Mervat Sh.; Al-Ashkar, Ibrahim; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; El Sabagh, Ayman; Abdelhamid, Magdi T.While Egypt's ' s canola production per unit area has recently grown, productivity remains low, necessitating increased productivity. Hydrogels are water -absorbent polymer compounds that can optimize irrigation schedules by increasing the soil's ' s ability to retain water. Accordingly, two fi eld experiments were conducted to examine hydrogel application to sandy soil on canola growth, biochemical aspects, yield, yield traits, and nutritional quality of yielded seeds grown under water deficit fi cit stress conditions. The experiments were conducted by arranging a split -plot layout in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three times replications of each treatment. While water stress at 75% or 50% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) lowered chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, and total pigments content, indole-3-acetic acid, plant development, seed yield, and oil and total carbohydrates of seed yield, hydrogel treatment enhanced all of the traits mentioned above. Furthermore, hydrogel enhanced to gather compatible solutes (proline, amino acids, total soluble sugars), phenolics content in leaves, seed protein, and crop water productivity, which increased while the plants were under water stress. The results revealed that the full irrigation (100%ETc) along with hydrogel compared to water -stressed (50%ETc) led to enhanced seed yield (kg ha -1 ), Oil (%), and Total carbohydrates (%) of rapeseed by 57.1%, 11.1% and 15.7%, respectively. Likewise, under water -stressed plots with hydrogel exhibited enhancement by 10.0%, 3.2% and 5.1% in seed yield (kg ha -1 ), oil (%), and total carbohydrates (%) of rapeseed by 57.1%, 11.1% and 15.7%, respectively compared to control. As a result, the use of hydrogel polymer will be a viable and practical solution for increasing agricultural output under water deficit fi cit stress situations.Öğe Environmental and Economic Benefits of Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative and Production Constraints in Pakistan: A Review(Springer International Publishing, 2023) Raza, Hafiz Ali; Hameed, Muhammad Usman; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Lone, Naveed Ahmad; Raza, Muhammad Ammar; Sabagh, Ayman E. L.Sugarcane crop has a vital role to play in the economy of developing countries. The crop requires a high amount of water during its development. Therefore, it becomes necessary to adopt innovative, ecofriendly, and water-efficient methods for its cultivation. In this chapter, sugarcane production constraints have been discussed to promote sustainable sugarcane production with special reference to Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative (SSI) techniques. The constraints include high input costs, poor production practices, water scarcity, lack of implementation of modern technologies, less incentives, climate change, and delay in payment to the farmers. Sugarcane production can significantly be increased by using SSI with less input costs, efficient water utilization, reduction of weed losses, and controlling the infestation of pests and diseases. There is a need to take proper steps for increasing the production and profitability of sugarcane by timely irrigation, cost-effective inputs, better-quality seeds, and preventive measures against post-harvest losses. The capacity building of sugarcane farmers is also recommended. © The Editor(s) (ifapplicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.Öğe Environmental Upheaval: Consequences and Management Strategies(CRC Press, 2022) Naz, Misbah; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Hossain, Akbar; Danish, Subhan; Datta, Rahul; Fahad, Shah[No abstract available]Öğe Insights into Potential Roles of Plantsas Natural Radioprotectants and Amelioration of Radiations Induced Harmful Impacts on Human Health(Springer Nature, 2022) Naz, Misbah; Shah, Tariq; Battaglia, Martin; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Hossain, Akbar; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Ihsan, Muhammad ZahidRadiations have a significant impact on many physiological, biochemical and molecular processes in plants, animals, and humans. Several studies have revealed the beneficial and adverse effects of radiation on human health. The radiation tolerance potential of plants can be used to protect humans from different harmful radiations. However, the underlying mechanisms that enable plants as radioprotectants remain unclear. Therefore, this chapter summarizes findings related to the detrimental effects of electromagnetic radiation on human health and the potential role of plants in mitigating the adverse effects of radiation. There is a dire need to increase our understanding of plants’ ability to reduce damages caused by radiations through their scavenging activity of free radicals, synthesis of various antioxidants, inhibiting apoptosis, and modulation of growth factors, cytokines, and redox genes. The identification and characterization of plants to tolerate radiations could provide safe, cost-effective, and sustainable radiation protection measures to human health in our surroundings. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.Öğe Legumes under Drought Stress: Plant Responses, Adaptive Mechanisms, and Management Strategies in Relation to Nitrogen Fixation(CRC Press, 2021) Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Fahad, Shah; Hossain, Akbar; Chowdhury, M Kaium; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Dubey, Anamika; Kumar, Ashwani[No abstract available]Öğe Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Chlorophyll Content for Precision Nitrogen Management in Durum Wheat Cultivars under Semi-Arid Conditions(Mdpi, 2021) Kizilgeci, Ferhat; Yildirim, Mehmet; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Ratnasekera, Disna; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Sabagh, Ayman E. L.To impart sustainability to modern intensive farming systems, environmental pollution caused by nitrogenous fertilizers in needs to be reduced by optimizing their doses. To estimate the grain yield and nutrtional quallity of wheat, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and chlorophyll content (SPAD) are potential screening tools to identify the N deficiency and screen out the promising cultivars. The two-year field study was comprised with five levels of nitrogen (N) (control, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha(-1)) and two durum wheat genotypes (Sena and Svevo). The experimental design was split-plot, in which N levels were placed in the main plots, while wheat genotypes were arranged in sub-plots. To predict the yield and quality traits, the NDVI and SPAD values recorded at heading, anthesis and milky growth stages were taken as response variables. The results revealed that N fertilization significantly influenced the SPAD and NDVI attributed traits of durum wheat, except NDVI at milky stage (NDVI-M) during the first year. The maximum value of NDVI was recorded by 150 kg N ha(-1), while control treatment gave the minimum value. The grain yield was increased with the increasing dose of the N up to 100 kg N ha(-1) (4121 kg ha(-1)), and thereafter, it was declined with further increased of N levels. However, the variation between the genotypes was not significant, except NDVI and SPAD values at the milky stage. The genotype Svevo had the highest NDVI values at all growth stages, while the genotype Sena recorded the maximum SPAD values during both years. Similarly, the N levels significantly influenced the quality traits (protein, wet gluten, starch test weight and Zeleny sedimentation) of both genotypes. The highly significant relationship of SPAD and NDVI with the grain yield and yield attributes showed their reliability as indicators for determining the N deficiency and selection of superior wheat genotypes for ensuring food security under climate change scenario.Öğe Phytohormones as Growth Regulators During Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants(Frontiers Media Sa, 2022) EL Sabagh, Ayman; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Hossain, Akbar; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Mubeen, Muhammad; Waleed, Mirza; Reginato, MarianaPhytohormones (PHs) play crucial role in regulation of various physiological and biochemical processes that govern plant growth and yield under optimal and stress conditions. The interaction of these PHs is crucial for plant survival under stressful environments as they trigger signaling pathways. Hormonal cross regulation initiate a cascade of reactions which finely tune the physiological processes in plant architecture that help plant to grow under suboptimal growth conditions. Recently, various studies have highlighted the role of PHs such as abscisic acid, salicylic acid, ethylene, and jasmonates in the plant responses toward environmental stresses. The involvement of cytokinins, gibberellins, auxin, and relatively novel PHs such as strigolactones and brassinosteroids in plant growth and development has been documented under normal and stress conditions. The recent identification of the first plant melatonin receptor opened the door to this regulatory molecule being considered a new plant hormone. However, polyamines, which are not considered PHs, have been included in this chapter. Various microbes produce and secrete hormones which helped the plants in nutrient uptake such as N, P, and Fe. Exogenous use of such microbes help plants in correcting nutrient deficiency under abiotic stresses. This chapter focused on the recent developments in the knowledge related to PHs and their involvement in abiotic stresses of anticipation, signaling, cross-talk, and activation of response mechanisms. In view of role of hormones and capability of microbes in producing hormones, we propose the use of hormones and microbes as potential strategy for crop stress management.Öğe Potential Role of Plant Growth Regulators in Administering Crucial Processes Against Abiotic Stresses(Frontiers Media Sa, 2021) EL Sabagh, Ayman; Mbarki, Sonia; Hossain, Akbar; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Raza, Ali; Llanes, AnaliaPlant growth regulators are naturally biosynthesized chemicals in plants that influence physiological processes. Their synthetic analogous trigger numerous biochemical and physiological processes involved in the growth and development of plants. Nowadays, due to changing climatic scenario, numerous biotic and abiotic stresses hamper seed germination, seedling growth, and plant development leading to a decline in biological and economic yields. However, plant growth regulators (PGRs) can potentially play a fundamental role in regulating plant responses to various abiotic stresses and hence, contribute to plant adaptation under adverse environments. The major effects of abiotic stresses are growth and yield disturbance, and both these effects are directly overseen by the PGRs. Different types of PGRs such as abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), ethylene (ET), and jasmonates (JAs) are connected to boosting the response of plants to multiple stresses. In contrast, PGRs including cytokinins (CKs), gibberellins (GAs), auxin, and relatively novel PGRs such as strigolactones (SLs), and brassinosteroids (BRs) are involved in plant growth and development under normal and stressful environmental conditions. Besides, polyamines and nitric oxide (NO), although not considered as phytohormones, have been included in the current review due to their involvement in the regulation of several plant processes and stress responses. These PGRs are crucial for regulating stress adaptation through the modulates physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes and activation of the defense system, upregulating of transcript levels, transcription factors, metabolism genes, and stress proteins at cellular levels. The current review presents an acumen of the recent progress made on different PGRs to improve plant tolerance to abiotic stress such as heat, drought, salinity, and flood. Moreover, it highlights the research gaps on underlying mechanisms of PGRs biosynthesis under stressed conditions and their potential roles in imparting tolerance against adverse effects of suboptimal growth conditions.Öğe Prospective role of plant growth regulators for tolerance to abiotic stresses(Springer International Publishing, 2021) Sabagh, Ayman E. L.; Hossain, Akbar; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Amanet, Khizer; Mubeen, Muhammad; Nasim, WajidAbiotic stresses (heat, drought, salinity, and heavy metals) are projected to drastically reduce crop yields leading to seriously jeopardizing the food security of increasing population across the globe. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are natural or synthetic substances that regulate the growth and differentiation of plant cells, tissues, and organs. Although the roles of PGRs in improving plant growth and development are well documented, their role in plant stress tolerance is continued to be explored. Among the PGRs, auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, salicylic acid, nitric oxide, brassinosteroids, strigolactones, and polyamines have got the attention of the researchers as a sustainable source to improve abiotic stress tolerance under changing climate. Recently, numerous advancements have led to identify PGRs effects and to understand how plant growth responses are regulated by PGRs under abiotic stress. Different strategies are being employed to improve plant growth under abiotic conditions; the application of PGRs in crops offers good outcomes. However, it needs more researches and discussions on the said subject. Therefore, this chapter is focused on the stress management and role of PGRs in conferring abiotic stress tolerance under changing climate as it will play a key role to policymakers' food, nutritional, environmental, and economic security for the present and future generation demand. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights reserved.Öğe Responses of Water and Pigments Status, Dry Matter Partitioning, Seed Production, and Traits of Yield and Quality to Foliar Application of GA3 in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)(Frontiers Media Sa, 2021) Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Hasan, Md. K.; Islam, Bushra; Renu, Nowrin Akhter; Hakim, Mohammad A.; Islam, Mohammad Rafiqul; Chowdhury, M. KaiumThis study evaluated the role of gibberellic acid [GA(3); (0, 100, 200, and 300 ppm)] in modulation of the growth, physiology, yield, and quality traits in two varieties (BARI Mung-6 and BARI Mung-8) of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.). Irrespective of the two varieties (BARI Mung-6 and BARI Mung-8), 100, 200, and 300 ppm of GA(3) differentially modulated the tested parameters (relative water content, RWC; photosynthetic pigments: chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids; growth parameters: fresh and dry weights of leaves, petioles, stems, and roots; yield contributing traits such as plant height, number of pods plant(-1), number of grains pod(-1), pod length, and 100-grain weight; quality traits such as grain nitrogen and protein). However, compared to the lowest GA(3) (100 ppm) and the highest GA(3) (300 ppm), the moderate concentration of GA(3) (200 ppm) led to highest values of leaf-RWC, where this parameter exhibited 16.1 and 13.4% increase in BARI Mung-8 and BARI Mung-6, respectively. Similarly, the tested herein growth parameters and the yield traits significantly increased up to the foliar application of the moderate GA(3) concentration (200 ppm), and thereafter these traits decreased with 300 ppm GA(3). The 200 ppm-led changes in the growth and yield traits were significantly higher in BARI Mung-8 when compared to BARI Mung-6. Considering the quality traits, GA(3) positively influenced the nitrogen and protein content in grains, where 200 ppm of GA(3) led to increases of 25.2% in N, and 17.7% in protein over control in BARI Mung-6; whereas, BARI Mung-8 exhibited 28.3% in N, and 18.3% in protein with 200 ppm GA(3) over control. Overall, BARI Mung-8 significantly responded to the foliar supply of 200 ppm GA(3) when compared to BARI Mung-6. Hence, in order to high yield and grain protein content, the application of 200 ppm GA(3) may be applied in V. radiata before and during flowering. The major mechanisms underlying the responses of the water relation, growth, and yield traits to the GA(3) concentrations need to be explored.Öğe Role of transporters during heavy metals toxicity in plants(CRC Press, 2021) Naz, Misbah; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Okana, Sytar; Disna, Ratnasekera; Hossain, Akbar; Mubeen, Muhammad[No abstract available]Öğe Saline Toxicity and Antioxidant Response in Oryza sativa: An Updated Review(Springer Nature, 2022) Monsur, Mahmuda Binte; Datta, Juel; Rohman, Md. Motiar; Hasanuzzaman, Mirza; Hossain, Akbar; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Bukhari, Maham AsifAbiotic stresses such as drought, waterlogging, extreme temperatures, salinity, and mineral toxicity negatively impact the growth and development, yield, and seed quality of crop plants. Presently, abiotic stresses are severely affecting crop yields, resulting in higher economic losses for the farmers. One of the severe consequences of abiotic stresses is the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which results in oxidative stress. However, plants possess antioxidative defense machinery to protect against oxidative stress. The underlying mechanisms of antioxidant defense in rice plants have been published in many papers in recent decades. In this review, we aim at summarizing the updated information on physiological interventions in making rice plants more tolerant to salt-induced oxidative stress. We also focused on the understanding of the physiological mechanisms in rice under salinity stress that could facilitate the development of salt-tolerant cultivars. This review aims to know the activity of antioxidant enzymes and other proteins response in saline-stress conditions, and which proteomics and molecular markers were used to assess oxidative stress and antioxidants to discriminate cultivars, genotypes, or species for salt tolerance were also included. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.Öğe Salinity Stress in Cotton: Adverse Effects, Survival Mechanisms and Management Strategies(CRC Press, 2021) EL Sabagh, Ayman; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Hossain, Akbar; Mubeen, Muhammad; Jabeen, Tasmiya; Waleed, Mirza[No abstract available]Öğe Salinity Stress in Maize: Consequences, Tolerance Mechanisms, and Management Strategies(LIDSEN Publishing Inc, 2024) Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Islam, Md. Rafiqul; Hasan, Md. Kamrul; Hafeez, A. S. M. Golam; Chowdhury, Md. Kaium; Pramanik, Moaz Hosen; Iqbal, Muhammad AamirMaize, along with rice and wheat, is a popular staple food crop worldwide, and the most widely produced cereal crop. It is a versatile crop that may be utilized as a source of raw materials for human and animal fodders. Low agricultural yield and rapid population expansion significantly threaten future food security. Maize production is hampered by biotic and abiotic causes, with abiotic factors being the most critical limitation to agricultural output worldwide. Soil salinity is a key abiotic factor that reduces agricultural production by imposing negative impacts at several life cycle phases, including germination, seedling, vegetative, and reproductive development. Maize plants experience many physiological changes due to osmotic stress, toxicity of particular ions, and nutritional imbalance induced by salt stress. The degree and duration of stress, crop growth phases, genetic characteristics, and soil conditions influence yield reduction. Maize plants can tolerate salt stress involving a complex mechanism by changing their physiological, biochemical, and metabolic activities like stomatal functioning, photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, hormone regulation, enzymes, metabolite generation, etc. After studying the salt tolerance mechanisms of maize plants under stress, integrated management techniques should be developed for maize agriculture in saline settings. Therefore, the study of plant responses to salt stress, stress tolerance mechanisms, and management strategies is one of the most imperative research fields in plant biology, and the study will focus on the effects of salt stress in different growth stages, plant tolerance mechanisms, and agronomic management practices for successful maize production all over the world. © 2024 by the author.
