Yazar "Hussain, Muhammad Iftikhar" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Effect of slow release nitrogenous fertilizers and biochar on growth, physiology, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency of sunflower under arid climate
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2022) Waqar, Muhammad; Habib-ur-Rahman, Muhammad; Hasnain, Muhammad Usama; Iqbal, Shahid; Ghaffar, Abdul; Iqbal, Rashid; Hussain, Muhammad Iftikhar
    Sunflower plants need nitrogen consistently and in higher amount for optimum growth and development. However, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of sunflower crop is low due to various nitrogen (N) losses. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the advanced strategies to minimize N losses and also improve sunflower productivity under arid climatic conditions. A field trial was conducted with four slow release nitrogenous fertilizers [SRNF (bacterial, neem, and sulfur-coated urea and N loaded biochar)] and three N levels (100% = 148 kg N-ha(-1), 80% = 118 kg N-ha(-1), and 60% = 89 kg N-ha(-1)) of recommended application (100%) for sunflower crop under arid climatic conditions. Results showed that neem-coated urea at 148 kg N-ha(-1) significantly enhanced crop growth rate (CGR) (19.16 g-m(-2)-d(-1)) at 60-75 days after sowing (DAS); leaf area index (2.12, 3.62, 5.97, and 3.00) at 45, 60, 75, and 90 DAS; and total dry matter (14.27, 26.29, 122.67, 410, and 604.33 g m(-2)) at 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 DAS. Furthermore, higher values of net leaf photosynthetic rate (25.2 mu mol m(-2) -s(-1)), transpiration rate (3.66 mmol-s(-1)), and leaf stomatal conductance (0.39 mol-m(-2)-s(-1)) were recorded for the same treatment. Similarly, neem-coated urea produced maximum achene yield (2322 kg ha(-1)), biological yield (9000 kg-ha(-1)), and harvest index (25.8%) of the sunflower crop. Among various N fertilizers, neem-coated urea showed maximum NUE (20.20 kg achene yield kg(-1) N applied) in comparison to other slow release N fertilizers. Similarly, nitrogen increment N-60 showed maximum NUE (22.40 kg grain yield-kg(-1) N applied) in comparison to N-80 and N-100. In conclusion, neem-coated urea with 100% and 80% of recommended N would be recommended for farmers to get better sunflower productivity with sustainable production and to reduce the environmental nitrogen losses.
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    Öğe
    Effect of slow-release nitrogenous fertilizers on dry matter accumulation, grain nutritional quality, water productivity and wheat yield under an arid environment
    (Nature Portfolio, 2022) Ghafoor, Iqra; Rahman, Muhammad Habib Ur; Hasnain, Muhammad Usama; Ikram, Rao Muhammad; Khan, Mahmood Alam; Iqbal, Rashid; Hussain, Muhammad Iftikhar
    Slow release nitrogenous fertilizers can improve crops production and reduce the environmental challenges in agro-ecosystem. There is a need to test the efficiency and performance under arid climatic conditions. The study investigates the effect of slow-release fertilizers (urea, neem coated urea (NCU), sulfur coated urea (SCU) and bioactive sulfur coated urea (BSCU)) on the growth, productivity and grain nutritional qualities of wheat crop. Slow-release fertilizers (SRF) with nitrogen levels (130,117,104 and 94 kg ha(-1)) were applied with equal splits at sowing, 20 and 60 days after sowing (DAS). Research showed that the BSCU with 130 kg ha(-1) increased dry matter accumulation (1989 kg ha(-1)) after anthesis and grain yield 4463 kg ha(-1). The higher plant height (102 cm) was attained by 130 kg N ha(-1) SCU while the minimum (77.67 cm) recorded for 94 kg N ha(-1) as urea source. Maximum grain NPK concentrations (3.54, 0.66 and 1.07%) were recorded by BSCU 130 kg N ha(-1) application. While, the minimum NPK (0.77, 0.19 and 0.35%) were observed by Urea 94 kg N ha(-1). The high irrigation water use efficiency (WUE) recorded (20.92 kg ha(-1) mm(-1)) and a crop index of 25.52% by BSCU 130 kg N ha(-1) application. Research findings show that generally all SRF but particularly BSCU proved effective and can be recommended for wheat crop under arid environment.