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Öğe Evaluation of the combined effects of Turkish mad honey and 5-Fluorouracil in colon cancer model in rats(Ankara Univ, 2023) Kurtdede, Efe; Alcigir, Mehmet Eray; Alperen, Ahmet Mahmut; Baran, Berk; Karaca, Oguz Kaan; Gulendag, ErmanIt was aimed to evaluate the regressive effect of grayanotoxin-rich Turkish mad honey and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), separately and together by using the Nmethyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced colon cancer modelling in rats. Study groups were designed as control group (CG), cancer control group (CCG), 5Flourouracil group (FUG), Turkish mad honey group (HG), Turkish mad honey and 5-FU combined group (FU-HG). White blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte, eosinophil, basophil, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total oxidant status (TOS), and total protein values of the rats in the CCG were significantly lower than the values of the rats in the CG, whereas serum Bcl-2 and survivin levels were significantly higher in the rates belonged to the CCG in comparison to those in the CG. The presence of anaplastic epithelial cells, vascularization, precancerous changes, and inflammatory infiltration detected in the colon and small intestine of the rats in FU-HG, FUG, HG were less intense (P<0.05) compared to the findings in the rats in CCG. In conclusion, mad honey and 5 FU reduced anaplastic cell growth and oxidative stress via suppressed antiapoptotic activity. Considering the histopathological findings in the liver and kidney, no toxicity occurred related to mad honey and 5-FU metabolization. Therefore, the combined use of these two substances may be an alternative method in the treatment of colon cancer.Öğe Evaluation of tumor-suppressive properties and apoptotic functions of Mad Honey and Vincristine applications in a rat model of breast cancer(Ankara Univ, 2024) Kurtdede, Efe; Alcigir, Mehmet Eray; Alperen, Ahmet Mahmut; Baran, Berk; Kuzu, Necat; Gulendag, ErmanIn this study, the suppressive effects of vincristine and Turkish mad honey alone and in co-applications were biochemically, hematologically, and histopathologically investigated in a mammary tumor model induced with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in rats. A total of 72 rats, 43-49 days old, were divided into 6 groups of 12 rats each. The control group (CG) consisted of healthy rats. The vehicle group (VG) received only vehicle substance and the cancer control group (CCG) was given only DMBA. DMBA and the honey group (HG) given group. DMBA and the vincristine (VinG) given group, and DMBA, the vincristine-honey group (VHG) received both Turkish mad honey and vincristine. Turkish mad honey and/or vincristine was given in the last 4 weeks of the 13-week trial period. White blood cell and lymphocyte counts differed significantly in the CCG and VG groups. Alanine transaminase and total protein levels were higher in the CCG and VinG groups. Aspartate transaminase was higher in the CCG, HG and VG groups. Caspase-3 and Bax protein levels were in the HG and VHG groups significantly higher than CCG. In caspase-8 protein level VHG significantly higher than other groups. Caspase-9 protein level was in CG and VG groups significantly lower than other groups. Bcl-xL increased more in the CCG group. Anaplasia was reduced in the HG and VinG groups, although apoptosis and other cellular damages increased. It was concluded that mad honey and vincristine could be considered together as effective therapeutic agents in this model of DMBA-induced breast cancer.Öğe Seasonal investigation of the macroscopic and microscopic structure of the sinus interdigitalis in Hamdani crossbred sheep (Ovis aries)(Wiley, 2024) Isbilir, Fatma; Ozguden Akkoc, Cansel Guzin; Kirman, Gunsel; Ozoner, Ozgur; Ozoner, Merve Pekince; Isbilir, Ihsan; Gulendag, ErmanBackground: The odours of different body parts and structures, such as external genitalia, female urine, ventral tail radix, infraorbital sinus and interdigital sinus, have a strong attractiveness for rams. The sinus interdigitalis is considered an important trail gland for sexual behaviour, as its odour is included in the list of strongly attractive structures for male animals during the breeding season, being important in pheromone production. Objectives: In the present study, the effects of sex and breeding season on the morphological and histological structure of the interdigital gland were investigated in Hamdani crossbred sheep (Ovis aries). Methods: Sinus interdigitalis glands located on the forelimbs and hind limbs were collected from 10 male and 10 female sheep during both breeding and non-breeding seasons. The gland's position in the forelimbs and hind limbs was determined radiographically. The glands were examined macroscopically, histologically and immunohistochemically in both seasons. Results: In all animals, the topographic location of the gland between the digits was determined to be distal to the phalanx proximalis and at the level of the phalanx media. The mean weight of the gland in male and female animals was 1.07 +/- 0.03 and 1.4 +/- 0.11 g, respectively. In general, the results of morphometric measurements were higher during the breeding season, and the increase was more pronounced in female animals. In histological examinations, it was determined that both neck and body parts of the tissues consisted of a structure consisting of a connective tissue capsule at the outermost, dermis, epidermis and lumen underneath. Immunohistochemically staining revealed that oestrogen receptors showed positive immunoreactions only in the intracytoplasmic localization of apocrine sweat glands. In terms of morphological, histological and oestrogen receptors, it was thought that the gland may play a role in sexual communication.Öğe TROPONIN-1, CK-MB, D-DIMER, AND NT-proBNP LEVELS BEFORE AND AFTER TWO DIFFERENT ANESTHESIA PROTOCOLS IN DOG(Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 2023) Akgul, Gülsah; Akgul, Mustafa Baris; Gulendag, Erman; Basak, Mahsum; Kilic, SevdetThis study aimed to determine the cardiac effects of two different anesthetic protocols by measuring serum levels of Troponin 1, CK-MB, NT-proBNP and D-Dimer in healthy castrated non cardiac dogs. Thirty adult, healthy, and noncardiac male dogs were brought to the animal hospital affiliated to the Animal Health Application and Research Center of Siirt University for castration. The animals were sedated with intramuscular administration of 2 mg/kg of xylazine HCl and anesthesia was induced by intramuscular administration of 10 mg/kg Ketamine HCl. The animals were intubated and connected to the closed-circuit anesthesia device. Following induction of general anesthesia, dogs were divided into two groups. Group 1 (G1) (n=15) was administered with 2-3% Isoflurane inhaler, the other group (G2) (n=15) was administered with 2-3% Sevoflurane inhaler to maintain anesthesia. Blood samples were collected before and 12 hours after anesthesia. Results revealed non-significant changes in serum levels of CK-MB over time. However, a significant difference was observed in CK-MB values between sevoflurane and isoflurane. No significant changes in Troponin values were recorded. Significant changes in Nt-Pro BNP values over time were observed, but the changes were not significant between anesthetic protocols. With the present study, we can partially say that sevoflurane is safer than isoflurane, but we believe that more studies should be done with more samples. © 2023, Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. All rights reserved.
