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    Characterization of extended spectrum ?-lactamase producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from urogenital system of dogs in Van province of Turkey
    (Shiraz Univ, 2023) Kaplan, B.; Gulaydin, O.
    Background: Escherichia coli is a bacterial agent that causes urogenital system infection in dogs. Beta-lactam (& beta;-lactam) group antibiotics are frequently used in the treatment of E. coli infections. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the presence of extended spectrum & beta;-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmidic AmpC in E. coli strains isolated from the urogenital tracts of 125 dogs. Methods: Fifty E. coli strains were identified by conventional bacteriological and PCR methods. Disk diffusion method was used for the determination of antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates as well as productions of plasmidic AmpC and ESBL. The presence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M group genes was determined in the isolates by PCR. ERIC-PCR was also used for genotyping of the isolates. Results: Although 22 (44%) of 50 E. coli isolates were found to be ESBL positive, no isolate shows plasmidic AmpC & beta;lactamase production. Among 22 ESBL positive isolates, blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M group 1 genes were found in 11 (50%), 1 (4.54%), and 6 (27.27%) isolates, respectively. The highest resistance was observed against tetracycline (28%), followed by streptomycin (24%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (24%), and chloramphenicol (22%), respectively. In the isolates, 11 different main profiles were also determined by ERIC-PCR. It was shown that ESBL positive isolates were related to G10 profiles. Conclusion: The use of extended spectrum & beta;-lactam group antibiotics for the treatment of E. coli infections in dogs is critical; nevertheless, they may not be effective due to the high rate of resistance to this antibiotic group in E. coli.
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    Determination of antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence-related genes of Trueperella pyogenes strains isolated from various clinical specimens in animals
    (Polska Akad Nauk, Polish Acad Sciences, Univ Warmia & Mazury Olsztyn, 2024) Gulaydin, O.; Kayikci, C.; Gulaydin, A.
    In this study, a total of 32 Trueperella pyogenes strains isolated from different disease specimens in cattle, sheep and goats were examined. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates to 10 antimicrobials were determined using the E -test method and MIC values of the antimicrobials were investigated. The genes that play a role in the antimicrobial resistance or virulence of T. pyogenes were determined by PCR using gene specific primers. In the study, all the isolates were susceptible to penicillin and cephalosporin. The highest resistance rate in the isolates was determined against streptomycin (56.25%) and tetracycline (53.12%) and MIC 90 values for these antimicrobials were found to be >256 mu g/ml and 12 mu g/ml, respectively. The ermX gene was found to be positive in 8 (80%) of 10 isolates that were resistant to macrolide group antimicrobials. Among 20 aminoglycoside resistant isolates, aadA1 , aadA9 , strA-strB , and aac(6')-aph(2'') genes were determined in 5 (25%), 14 (70%), 7 (35%) and 1 (5%) of the isolates, respectively. When the presence of virulence -related genes in the isolates was examined, nanP (93.75%), fimA (93.75%) and plo (90.62%) genes were detected in the majority of the isolates. While the cbpA gene was negative in all isolates, the fimG gene was found in a limited number of the isolates (15.62%). It was concluded that streptomycin and tetracycline resistance should be considered in T. pyogenes isolates. Also, nanP , fimA and plo genes may have an important role in the pathogenesis of the infections.
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    Determination of Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus and Campylobacter jejuni in Aborted Sheep Fetuses by Multiplex PCR Assay
    (Israel Veterinary Medical Assoc, 2021) Ilhan, Z.; Ekin, I. H.; Gulaydin, O.
    Campylobacteriosis is a contagious and zoonotic infection characterized by abortion and infertility in animals. Ovine campylobacteriosis is caused by Campylobacter (C.) fetus subsp. fetus or C. jejuni. As a result of the slow-growing bacterial agents and the high lability of Campylobacter species, laboratory diagnosis of these agents has always been problematic. Several publications on detection of Campylobacter spp. DNA from reference strains or pure culture have been presented. However, studies that have been carried out on field or clinical samples of sheep are quite limited. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the utilization of multiplex-PCR (m-PCR) assay in the diagnosis of ovine campylobacteriosis from abomasal content samples of aborted sheep fetuses. A total of 116 aborted sheep fetuses were tested and C. fetus subsp. fetus was isolated from 8 (6.9%) samples. The m-PCR assay was conducted and amplified C. fetus subsp. fetus-specific DNA in 13 (11.2%) of the abomasum contents. Cohen's kappa coefficient revealed substantial (kappa: 0.74) agreement between bacteriological culture and m-PCR methods. The results of this study suggest that the m-PCR assay is more sensitive and reliable than conventional bacteriological culture for detection of Campylobacter species.