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Öğe Determination of water-efficiency relationships and silage quality characteristics of the maize species for silage(Zea mays L.) the first product grown under semi-arid climate conditions(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2016) Ucak, Ali Beyhan; Gencoglan, Cafer; Bagdatli, M. Cuneyt; Turan, Nizamettin; Arslan, Huseyin; Inal, BehcetIn this study, a field study was carried out to determine the effect of different irrigation water amounts on dry matter efficiency and silage quality features of species of corn for silage P32K61, P31Y43, P30B74 and the relationship of water and dry matter, as well as the threshold value of the dry substance to be used in silage quality estimation by leveraging such relationship. The study was planned as three repeats in a trial pattern of divided parcels in randomized blocks. Irrigation program was established by reapplication of 100% (I100), 70% (I70), 35% (I35) of the water consumed every 7 days with the drip irrigation method. Thus, the irrigation consists of 1 full and 2 different deficit irrigation. In the study, irrigation water amount applied to I100, I70 and I35 of types P32K61, P31Y43 and P30B74 was 637-653-666; 491-495-509; 342-363-371 mm, respectively, seasonal plant water consumption values were 705-714-738; 559-554-583mm, dry matter efficiency values ranged from 24.38-24.29-32.36, 23.26-23.33-25.5, and 12.8-14.46-14.13 t ha-1. Linear relations were determined between dry matter (DM) efficiency of the species and irrigation water (I) as DM=20.57I+6369(r2=0.997??), DM=30.95I+4340(r2=0.999??), Y=36.14I+5826 (r2=0.998??);and between dry matter-plant water consumption (ETa) values as Y=26.02ETa+832.1(r2=0.969??), Y=36.55ETa- 22.83 (r2=0.995??), Y=42.75ETa-1949 (r2=0.997??). The highest and lowest protein amounts by irrigation were 8.67% in the interaction of I100 irrigation and P32K61 species and 6.14% in the interaction of I35 irrigation and P31Y43 species, respectively; digestible dry matter ratio was 70% in the interaction of I100 irrigation and P30B74 species and 60% the interaction of I35 irrigation and P31Y43, respectively. No statistically significant relation between the ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber) and NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber) values was found. The highest water consumption efficiency was 4.38 kg/da-mm in I100 irrigation and 3.37 kg/da-mm in I35 irrigation. In addition, thecorrelation coefficient between ET, dry matter and protein amount was r2:0.81?? and r2:0.80??, and a statistically significant positive relationship was observed (p<0.01) between ETa, dry matter and protein amount. As a result of statistical and economic analyses, threshold dry matter efficiency value on which the silage quality starts to drop was determined at 25.5 t ha-1 in I70 irrigation. © 2016 PSP.Öğe DETERMINATION OF WATER-YIELD RELATIONSHIP OF COMICE PEAR (PYRUS COMMUNIS L.) VARIETY IRRIGATED BY THE IRRIGATION AUTOMATION SYSTEM (IAS) BASED ON PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER (PLC)(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2019) Gencoglan, Cafer; Gencoglan, Serpil; Nikpeyma, Yusuf; Ucak, Ali BeyhanThe aims of this study are to determine water yield relationships of Cornice Pear (Pyrus cornmunis L.) variety irrigated by irrigation automation system (1AS) based on Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Irrigation treatments consisted of five different irrigation levels as 120% (112o), 100% (boo), 80% (180), 60% (16o) and 40% (140) of the pan evaporation and were carried out in 3 replications according to the design of random blocks. Irrigations were applied to parcels by IAS based PLC when the total amount of water evaporated from Class A Pan was equal to or greater than 35 mm. Soil moisture was measured by sensor (MAS-1) running with dielectric constant of soil in layers of 30 cm at depth of 90 cm of soil profile. Total evaporation of 1104 mm was measured from the Class A Pan by the IAS during the irrigation season. The IAS irrigated Cornice pear variety 27 times during irrigation season. The irrigation interval ranged from 3 to 12 days. The amount of water given to the irrigation treatments of 112o, boo, lso, 16o and 140 in each irrigation were 40-62, 33-52, 26-42, 20-31 and 13-21 mm, respectively. The amounts of evapotranspiration (ET) in irrigation treatments were found to be 1287, 1046, 869, 669 and 527 mm, respectively. Under these conditions, the mean fruit yields from irrigation treatments were 15.3, 12.5, 12.6, 11.3 and 9.8 ton per hectare, respectively. Relationships between fruit yield (ton ha-') and net irrigation water (Inw, mm) and evapotranspiration (ET, mm) were found as Fy = 0.00621nw + 7.0091 (R2 = 0.91**) and Fy = 0.0065ET + 6.552 (R2 = 0.92**), respectively. The yield response factor (ky) was 0.60. As the amount of the applied irrigation water decreased, pear yield also decreased but IWUE and WUE increased. However, there was no statistically difference among the yields of the irrigation treatments. Irrigation scheduling based on a 0.4 and 0.6 crop-pan coefficients and their treatments are recommended to the pear producers experiencing water shortage. Under abundant water conditions, 112o, boo and 180 crop-pan coefficients and treatments are also suggested. The pear producers should not consider that the shoot length of Comice Pear take as irrigation timing criteria. In addition, the result of study also showed that IAS could be used to control drip irrigation system, Class A Pan, irrigation scheduling, and to calculated ET and to measure soil moisture.Öğe IDENTIFICATION OF DROUGHT RESISTANT SUNFLOWER GENOTYPES (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Ucak, Ali Beyhan; Gencoglan, Cafer; Cil, Abdullah; Inal, BehcetThe present study was conducted under water stress (WS) and stress-free (SF) conditions in randomized blocks design with 3 replications in 2012 and 2013 to determine drought resistance of normal-oleic (Sanbro and Tunca), medium-oleic (Saray and 10TR054) and high-oleic (P64H34 and Oleko) sunflower genotypes. In stress-free treatments, drip irrigations were performed as to bring the soil moisture level to field capacity when 50% of available moisture in effective root depth was depleted. A total of four irrigations were performed in WS treatments, but irrigations were not performed in SF treatments (except for the initial survival water). The differences between the genotypes with regard to investigated parameters were found to be significant (p<0.01). In the first year of experiments, the greatest yields in WS treatments were obtained from Saray and Tunca genotypes (3147-3109 kg ha(-1)) with the lowest crop water index (CWSI=0.29-0.31) and the greatest chlorophyll content (CC=46.6-47.7); the lowest yield (2370 kg hat) was obtained from Sanbro genotype with the greatest CWSI (0.70) and the lowest chlorophyll content (38.8). In SF treatments, the greatest yields (38183646 kgha(-1)) were observed in Tunca and Saray with the lowest CWSI (0.20-0.26) and the greatest CC (50.86 - 50.16); the lowest yield (3163 kgha(-1)) was seen in P64H34 with high CWSI (0.42) and low CC (41.88). In the second year of experiments, the greatest yields (3480-3394 kgha(-1)) in WS treatments were obtained from Tunca and Saray with the greatest CC (46.83 - 51.25) and the lowest CWSI (0.24-0.27); the lowest yield (2793 kgha(-1)) was obtained from P64H34 with the lowest CC (41.28) and high CWSI (0.53). In SF treatments, the greatest yields (4348-4217 kgha(-1)) were observed in Tunca and Saray with the lowest CWSI (0.12-0.17) and the greatest CC (51.66-45.65); the lowest yield (3848 kgha(-1)) was observed in Oleko with the greatest CWSI (0.46) and the lowest CC (40.13). Current findings revealed that the genotypes Tunca and Saray were prominent in both WS and SF conditions with regard to yield, CWSI and CC and they were able to use irrigation water optimally and identified as drought-tolerant genotypes. It was concluded that these genotypes could also be used in further drought-resistance studies. The genotypes Sanbro and 10TR054 with the lowest yield in WS treatments were identified as sensitive genotypes.Öğe Yield and Water Use of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Under Different Irrigation Regimes and Fertilizers(Univ Namik Kemal, 2021) Ali, Mahmud; Gencoglan, Cafer; Gencoglan, Serpil; Ucak, Ali BeyhanThis study was conducted in Bandirma (Balikesir, Turkey) during the growing season of the plant in 2017 and 2018 to determine the effect of four levels of irrigation water and three kinds of fertilizer on yield and water use of field-grown eggplant (solanum melongena). Treatments included four irrigation regimes, which were 100% (I-100, control), 80% (I-80), 60% (I-60), and 40% (I-40) of evaporation from Class A Pan and three different fertilizers, which were chemical fertilizer CHF; N, P, K (20-20-20+15 SO3) added as 40 kg da(-1) organic fertilizer (OF) added as 2000 kg da(-1) and developed organic fertilizer (DOF) added as 2000 kg da(-1). Total irrigation water of 305 mm and 360 mm were applied to I-100 irrigation treatment, in which water use was determined as 447 mm and 436 mm, respectively. In both experiment years, the effect of irrigation level on fruit yield was found to be significant statistically (p<0.05) but the effect of fertilizers treatments and irrigation x fertilizer interaction was insignificant (p>0.05). The highest yield with 3681and 4515 kg da(-1) was harvested from I100 irrigation treatment, and the lowest yield with 3021 and 2792 kg da(-1) from I40 irrigation treatment, respectively. As for fertilizer, the highest yield with 3462 and 3878 kg da(-1) was harvested from DOF, while the lowest yield with 3258 and 3629 kg d(a)-(1) from OF, respectively. Water use efficiency (WUE) ranged from 8.26 to 12.54 kg mm(-1) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) from 11.9 to 25.68 kg mm(-1) in the experimental years. Thus, in irrigation programming, the Kcp3: 0.80 plant-pan coefficient and in fertilizer application, DOF is recommended for fieldgrown eggplant.
