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    Covid-19 Anxiety Scale (CAS): A Validity and Reliability Study
    (Springer, 2024) Ertekin, Irfan; Gorgulu, Ozkan
    In this study, our aim was to develop a valid and reliable scale to determine the social anxiety level of people regarding COVID-19. A total of 420 people participated in the research. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to test the validity and reliability of the scale. As a result of the explanatory factor analysis, it was determined that the scale consisted of 22 items and four sub-dimensions. These sub-dimensions were named negative thinking, sociability, fear and vaccination. In examination of the fit indices obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis results, it was seen that the four-factor scale structure was high and acceptable. Based on these results, we concluded that the COVID-19 social anxiety scale (CAS) was valid and reliable for examining the level of social anxiety of people during the pandemic periods.
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    COVID-19 Awarenessscale (Cas) Turkish Form: A Validity and Reliability Study
    (Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2024) Ertekin, Irfan; Gorgulu, Ozkan
    Objective: In this study, we aimed to develop a valid and reliable scale to measure the level of awareness of people about COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A total of 244 people participated in the research. The item pool was created in line with the literature and expert opinions. The prepared items were examined by four experts in terms of content validity, language, and expression, and a 28 -item scale form was created. Following these stages, the first form consisting of 28 items was applied to 29 people as a pilot study. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed to test the construct validity. Results: As a result of the explanatory factor analysis, it was determined that the scale consisted of 15 items and 3 sub -dimensions. These sub -dimensions were respectively named Protection, Knowledge of COVID, and Effort to Obtain Information. When the fit indices obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis results were examined, we saw that the three -factor scale construct had a high fit at an acceptable level. Conclusions: Based on the data obtained from this study, we concluded that the COVID-19 awareness scale was valid and reliable to evaluate the awareness level of people. The COVID19 awareness scale we have devised can be employed by researchers who seek to measure individuals' awareness levels regarding a pandemic similar to COVID-19.