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Öğe A fractal-fractional sex structured syphilis model with three stages of infection and loss of immunity with analysis and modeling(Elsevier, 2023) Farman, Muhammad; Shehzad, Aamir; Akgul, Ali; Hincal, Evren; Baleanu, Dumitru; El Din, Sayed M.Treponema pallidum, a spiral-shaped bacterium, is responsible for the sexually transmitted disease syphilis. Millions of people in less developed countries are getting the disease despite the accessibility of effective preventative methods like condom use and effective and affordable treatment choices. The disease can be fatal if the patient does not have access to adequate treatment. Prevalence has hovered between endemic levels in industrialized countries for decades and is currently rising. Using the Mittag-Leffler kernel, we develop a fractal-fractional model for the syphilis disease. Qualitative as well as quantitative analysis of the fractional order system are performed. Also, fixed point theory and the Lipschitz condition are used to fulfill the criteria for the existence and uniqueness of the exact solution. We illustrate the system's Ulam-Hyers stability for disease-free and endemic equilibrium. The analytical solution is supported by numerical simulations that show how the dynamics of the spread of syphilis within the population are influenced by fractional-order derivatives. The outcomes show that the suggested methods are effective in delivering better results. Overall, this research helps to develop more precise and comprehensive approaches to understanding and regulating syphilis disease transmission and progression.Öğe Acoustic wave structures for the confirmable time-fractional Westervelt equation in ultrasound imaging(Elsevier, 2023) Shaikh, Tahira Sumbal; Baber, Muhammad Zafarullah; Ahmed, Nauman; Iqbal, Muhammad Sajid; Akgul, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.In this study, the acoustic nonlinear equation namely the confirmable time-fractional Westervelt equation is under consideration analytically. This equation is applicable in the wave propagation of sound and high amplitude in medical imaging and therapy. The different types of wave structures are constructed for the confirmable time-fractional Westervelt equation by using two different techniques namely as, the modified exponential rational functional method and the modified G'/G(2)-model expansion method. With the help of these two techniques, we gain the different hyperbolic, exponential, periodic, and plane wave function solutions. Additionally, to show the graphical behavior of the wave structure, the 3D, 2D, and their corresponding contour representations are drawn by the different choices of parameters.Öğe Analytical treatment on the nonlinear Schriidinger equation with the parabolic law(Elsevier, 2023) Han, Xiang-Lin; Hashemi, Mir Sajjad; Samei, Mohammad Esmael; Akgul, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.The objective of this study is to investigate a few solutions to the nonlinear Schriidinger problem with parabolic law. The first integral and exact solutions for the reduced ODE of the model under consideration are extracted using Nucci's reduction approach. Finally, using the efficient and effective solutions technique, we display density plots and 2D, 3D plots for the suggested governing model.Öğe Comparative investigations of Ag/H2O nanofluid and Ag-CuO/H2O hybrid nanofluid with Darcy-Forchheimer flow over a curved surface(De Gruyter Poland Sp Z O O, 2023) Lu, Wenjie; Farooq, Umar; Imran, Muhammad; Chammam, Wathek; El Din, Sayed M.; Akgul, AliNanofluid performed well and produced good results in heat transport phenomena, attracting scientists to suspend other combinations of nanoparticles, called hybrid nanofluid. Hybrid nanofluids are superior than nanofluids due to their thermal capabilities and emerging benefits that contribute to the boost in the rate of heat transmission. Applications for these nanoparticles, including sophisticated lubricants, are increasing in the fields of bioengineering and electricity. The main prospective of this research is to inquire about the water-based dual nature nanofluid stream numerical simulation through the irregular stretched sheet with heat transfer. In this perspective, silver with base fluid water is used as nanoparticles for nanofluid, and for making hybrid nanofluid, copper oxide and silver particles are used with water-based fluid. Modified Fourier and Fick's model for heat flux utilized the above phenomenon and observed the heat and mass transport. Similarity variables are needed to transform the partial differential equations into associated nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which are then computationally resolved by the technique of bvp4c which is a built-in function in MATLAB mathematical software. Based on the concurrent approximations, reformations are performed to determine the impact of various quantities on flow variables. The predicted outcomes are depicted in velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles through graphical depiction. The factors indicate that the hybrid nanofluid is more powerful in the transfer of heat than a basic nanofluid because of its superior thermal characteristics. The velocity profile decays for the increasing values of Darcy-Forchheimer parameter. The thermal profile increases for the higher magnitude of Darcy-Forchheimer parameter. The velocity distribution profile increases for the higher values of curvature parameter, while the thermal profile decreases. This unique work might benefit nanotechnology and related nanocomponents. This safe size-controlled biosynthesis of Ag and CuO nanoparticles has resulted in a low-cost nanotechnology that may be used in a variety of applications. Biosynthesized Ag and CuO particles have been used successfully in a variety of applications, including biomedical, antibacterial agents, biological, food safety, and biosensing, to mention a few.Öğe COMPUTATIONAL SOLUTIONS OF FRACTIONAL ELECTRIC SYMMETRIC CIRCUITS BY SUMUDU TRANSFORMATION(World Scientific Publ Co Pte Ltd, 2023) Akgul, Esra Karatas; Jamshed, Wasim; Abdullaev, Sherzod Shukhratovich; Belgacem, Fethi Bin Muhammed; El Din, Sayed M.In this research, we study the Caputo fractional and constant proportional derivative numerical approximation of electrical symmetric circuits. It has been assumed that the derivative is in the order 0 <= sigma <= 1. For the fractional electrical symmetric circuits, the RC, LC, and RLC solutions are obtained by using the Sumudu transformation. We also compare the numerical simulation of each equation to its classical equivalent. We use a highly efficient integral transform to examine the impact of the power-law kernel. In our upcoming works, we will apply this to electrical circuits that are more intricate.Öğe Fractional order age dependent Covid-19 model: An equilibria and quantitative analysis with modeling(Elsevier, 2023) Jamil, Saba; Farman, Muhammad; Akgul, Ali; Saleem, Muhammad Umer; Hincal, Evren; El Din, Sayed M.The presence of different age groups in the populations being studied requires us to develop models that account for varying susceptibilities based on age. This complexity adds a layer of difficulty to predicting outcomes accurately. Essentially, there are three main age categories: 0 - 19 years, 20 - 64 years, and > 64 years. However, in this article, we only focus on two age groups (20 - 64 years and > 64 years) because the age category 0 - 19 years is generally perceived as having a lower susceptibility to the virus due to its consistently low infection rate during the pandemic period of this research, particularly in the countries being examined. In this paper, we presented an age-dependent epidemic model for the COVID-19 Outbreak in Kuwait, France, and Cameroon in the fractal-fractional (FF) sense of derivative with the Mittag-Leffler kernel. The study includes positivity, stability, existence results, uniqueness, stability, and numerical simulations. Globally, the age-dependent COVID-19 fractal fractional model is examined using the first and second derivatives of Lyapunov. Fixed point theory is used to derive the existence and uniqueness of the fractional-order model. The numerical scheme of this paper is based on the Newton polynomial and is tested for a particular case with numerical values from Kuwait, France, and Cameroon. In our analysis, we explore the significance of these distinct parameters incorporated into the model, focusing particularly on the impact of vaccination and fractional order on the progression of the epidemic. The results are getting closer to the classical case for the orders reaching 1 while all other solutions are different with the same behavior. Consequently, the fractal fractional order model provides more substantial insights into the epidemic disease. We open a novel viewpoint on enhancing an age-dependent model and applying it to real-world data and parameters. Such a study will help determine the behavior of the virus and disease control methods for a population.Öğe Fuzzy-fractional modeling of Korteweg-de Vries equations in Gaussian-Caputo sense: New solutions via extended He-Mahgoub algorithm(Elsevier, 2024) Qayyum, Mubashir; Ahmad, Efaza; Akgul, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.The objective of the manuscript is to model and analyze nonlinear waves dynamics through fuzzy-fractional calculus. Since fuzzy logic facilities the waves dynamics to be uncertain, while fractional calculus captures the memory effect inherent in wave propagation. The current study focuses on modeling and analysis of fuzzy-fractional KdV equations namely Burgers KdV, Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon KdV, and generalized KdV. To include uncertainty in the models, symmetric Gaussian fuzzy numbers are utilized in three different cases at upper and lower bounds in fractional environment. For numerical simulations, hybrid of Mahgoub transformation with homotopy perturbation is proposed and successfully implemented in fuzzy-fractional sense. Validity and competence of proposed methodology is confirmed theoretically by proving existence, uniqueness and convergence. The crest and trough in waves are analyzed in 2D and 3D simulations with respect to time, space, fractional parameter, and k-level sets. The obtained results highlight the accuracy of proposed methodology in case of nonlinear fuzzy-fractional waves dynamics and can be extended to other models in science and engineering.Öğe Generalized fractional model of heat transfer in uncertain hybrid nanofluid with entropy optimization in fuzzy-Caputo sense(Elsevier, 2024) Qayyum, Mubashir; Afzal, Sidra; Ahmad, Efaza; Akguel, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.In this paper, we present a new fuzzy-fractional (FF) transformation to recover FF differential model of hybrid nanofluid. The current study focuses on FF modeling of nanofluid with engine oil as base fluid, while ferrous oxide Fe2O3 and alumina Al2O3 are considered nanoparticles. In accordance to the real industrial phenomena, the flow is simulated between two squeezing plates with thermal radiation and magnetic effects. A generalized fuzzy-fraction flow problem is modeled by introducing new similarity transforms. Obtained model is validated both theoretically and numerically. At integer order Gamma = 1, the FF model reduces to the integer order fluid model existing in literature, proving theoretical validity. Fuzzy-valued functions are discriminated through triangular fuzzy numbers using r-cut approach. In order to solve, obtained highly non-linear FF nanofluid system, we apply He-Laplace-Carson (HLC) algorithm. Differential and convolution properties of Laplace-Carson Transform (LCT) are utilized for solution purpose. Error and convergence analysis is performed numerically to verify obtained results. Furthermore, graphical illustrations for upper and lower bound analysis on FF profiles is also presented. Analysis reveals that heat transfer in engine oil enhances with an increase in radiation at upper and lower bound in fuzzy-fractional environment. Moreover, entropy decreases with an increase in nanoparticle concentration of Fe2O3 and Al2O3 in engine oil.Öğe Investigation of solitary wave structures for the stochastic Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov (SNNV) system(Elsevier, 2023) Shaikh, Tahira Sumbal; Baber, Muhammad Zafarullah; Ahmed, Nauman; Sajid, Muhammad; Akgul, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.The current study deals with the stochastic Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov (SNNV) system analytically under the multiplicative noise effect. The Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation is an extension of the KdV equation with applications in shallow-water waves, ionic acoustic waves in plasma, long internal waves in density-stratified oceans, and sound waves on crystal networks. The stochastic wave structures are constructed with the help of the Sardar subequation method. The different solutions are extracted which are in the form of solitons and solitary wave structures in the noise effect. Additionally, the stochastic behavior appears in the 3-dim, 2-dim, and their corresponding contour representations by the various selection of parameters.Öğe Investigation of solitary wave structures for the stochastic Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov (SNNV) system (vol 48, 106389, 2023)(Elsevier, 2023) Shaikh, Tahira Sumbal; Baber, Muhammad Zafarullah; Ahmed, Nauman; Iqbal, Muhammad Sajid; Akgul, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe New structures for exact solution of nonlinear fractional Sharma-Tasso-Olever equation by conformable fractional derivative(Elsevier, 2023) Butt, Asma Rashid; Zaka, Jaweria; Akgul, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.The Atangana-Baleanu conformable differential operator has been employed in this study to solve the conformable fractional Sharma-Tasso-Olever equation. The new extended direct algebraic method has then been employed in order to obtain the precise solutions. The results are obtained as hyperbolic, trigonometric, and rational solutions. To see the fractional effects and dynamical behavior, graphic visualization has been demonstrated in 3D, contour, and 2D plots. The graphical representation of these data is very helpful in identifying the equation's true physical significance. The acquired results are brand-new and more broadly applicable, and they show the value of the advised strategy for the analytical handling of nonlinear problems in mathematical physics and engineering. They are helpful in several circumstances for a better understanding of the dynamics of waves that are propagating.Öğe New structures for exact solution of nonlinear fractional Sharma-Tasso-Olver equation by conformable fractional derivative(Elsevier, 2023) Butt, Asma Rashid; Zaka, Jaweria; Akgul, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.The Atangana-Baleanu conformable differential operator has been employed in this study to solve the conformable fractional Sharma-Tasso-Olever equation. The new extended direct algebraic method has then been employed in order to obtain the precise solutions. The results are obtained as hyperbolic, trigonometric, and rational solutions. To see the fractional effects and dynamical behavior, graphic visualization has been demonstrated in 3D, contour, and 2D plots. The graphical representation of these data is very helpful in identifying the equation's true physical significance. The acquired results are brand-new and more broadly applicable, and they show the value of the advised strategy for the analytical handling of nonlinear problems in mathematical physics and engineering. They are helpful in several circumstances for a better understanding of the dynamics of waves that are propagating.Öğe New waves solutions of a nonlinear Landau-Ginzburg-Higgs equation: The Sardar-subequation and energy balance approaches(Elsevier, 2023) Ahmad, Shafiq; Mahmoud, Emad E.; Saifullah, Sayed; Ullah, Aman; Ahmad, Shabir; Akgul, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.This article investigates the significance of the unsteady nonlinear Landau-Ginzburg-Higgs equation in the context of superfluids and Bose-Einstein condensates. The problem of interest is the search for new exact solutions within this equation. To tackle this problem, the Sardar-subequation and energy balance approaches are employed. Through these methods, a variety of new exact solutions are obtained, expressed in terms of cosine functions, generalized hyperbolic functions, and generalized trigonometric functions. The obtained solutions encompass different types of solitons, including bright and dark solitons, singular periodic soliton, and hybrid solitons. The solutions are then visualized through 2D and 3D simulations. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the Landau-Ginzburg-Higgs equation and its application to superfluids and Bose-Einstein condensates. The novelty of this work lies in the utilization of the Sardar-subequation and energy balance approaches to obtain diverse traveling wave solutions, surpassing previous efforts in the literature.Öğe Novel waves structures for the nonclassical Sobolev-type equation in unipolar semiconductor with its stability analysis(Nature Portfolio, 2023) Shahzad, Tahir; Ahmed, Muhammad Ozair; Baber, Muhammad Zafarullah; Ahmed, Nauman; Akguel, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.In this study, the Sobolev-type equation is considered analytically to investigate the solitary wave solutions. The Sobolev-type equations are found in a broad range of fields, such as ecology, fluid dynamics, soil mechanics, and thermodynamics. There are two novel techniques used to explore the solitary wave structures namely as; generalized Riccati equation mapping and modified auxiliary equation (MAE) methods. The different types of abundant families of solutions in the form of dark soliton, bright soliton, solitary wave solutions, mixed singular soliton, mixed dark-bright soliton, periodic wave, and mixed periodic solutions. The linearized stability of the model has been investigated. Solitons behave differently in different circumstances, and their behaviour can be better understood by building unique physical problems with particular boundary conditions (BCs) and starting conditions (ICs) based on accurate soliton solutions. So, the choice of unique physical problems from various solutions is also carried out. The 3D, line graphs and corresponding contours are drawn with the help of the Mathematica software that explains the physical behavior of the state variable. This information can help the researchers in their understanding of the physical conditions.Öğe On the fractal-fractional Mittag-Leffler model of a COVID-19 and Zika Co-infection(Elsevier, 2023) Rezapour, Shahram; Asamoah, Joshua Kiddy K.; Etemad, Sina; Akgul, Ali; Avci, Ibrahim; El Din, Sayed M.The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic in March 2020, which had a significant impact on global health and economies. There have been several Zika outbreaks in different regions such as Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Americas. Therefore, it is essential to study the dynamics of these two diseases, taking into account their memory and recurrence effects. A new fractal-fractional hybrid Mittag-Leffler model of COVID-19 and Zika co-dynamics is designed and studied to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 on Zika and vice-versa. The stability analysis of the local asymptotic type at disease-free equilibrium is conducted for the hybrid model. The existence of unique solutions to the model is established via some fixed point results. The fractal-fractional model is proved to be Hyers-Ulam stable. With the help of Newton polynomials, we obtain some numerical algorithms to approximate the solutions of the fractal-fractional hybrid Mittag-Leffler model graphically. The impact of fractional and fractal orders on the dynamics of each of the epidemiological classes is also assessed. In addition, empirical evidence from numerical simulations suggests that implementing measures to contain the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus can significantly contribute to the reduction of co-infections involving the Zika virus. Therefore, it is imperative for healthcare systems to maintain a state of constant vigilance in order to detect any atypical patterns or probable occurrences of co-infections, particularly in areas where both diseases are widespread. Additionally, it is vital to consult the most recent directives provided by health authorities, as our comprehension of diseases may undergo advancements over the course of time.Öğe Optical solitons with an extended (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear conformable Schrödinger equation including cubic–quintic nonlinearity(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Mirzazadeh, Mohammad; Sharif, A.; Hashemi, Mir Sajjad; Akgül, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.In this paper, we study the extended (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear conformable Schrödinger equation with cubic–quintic nonlinearity. We use three different methods to obtain exact solutions of this equation: the G?/G expansion method, the extended hyperbolic method, and Nucci's reduction method. We show that these methods are effective in finding solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions, and rational solutions of the equation. Besides, a first integral of the considered equation is derived by the Nucci reduction technique. Our results demonstrate the applicability of these methods in finding exact solutions to nonlinear PDEs, especially in cases where other methods are not effective. © 2023 The Author(s)Öğe Parity time symmetry in two dimensional chiral optical lattice, via positive and negative refraction(Elsevier, 2024) Hayat, Umar; Bacha, Bakht Amin; Din, Rafi Ud; Ahmad, Iftikhar; Akgul, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.The parity time symmetry and positive/negative refraction is investigated in chiral optical lattice. Significant parity time symmetry is reported in five level chiral optical lattice which satisfied the conditions Re(n(r)((+/-))(x,y)) = Re(n(r)(*(+/-))(-x, -y) and Im(n(r)((+/-)) (x, y)) = -I m(n(r)*((+/-)) (-x, -y) for left and right circularly polarized beams. The related group indices, phase shifts and divergent angle are also satisfied the parity time symmetry conditions n(g) ((+/-)) (x, y)) = n(g)*((+/-)) (-x, -y) phi((+/-)) (-x, -y)) = phi*((+/-)) (-x, -y) and theta(d,g)* (-x, -y) for left and right circularly polarized beams. Maximum negative group index is calculated to -25000. The maximum phase and group divergent angles are reported to 0.001 radian and -0.9 radian. The phase shifts in LCP and RCP beams are investigated to +/- 0.004 radian at a length L = 10 lambda. The modified results have potential application in nanotechnology.Öğe Recent progress in Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass fluxes for bioconvectional Carreau nanofluid with motile microorganisms and activation energy passing through a nonlinear stretching cylinder(Elsevier, 2024) Farooq, Umar; Basit, Muhammad Abdul; Noreen, Sobia; Fatima, Nahid; Alhushaybari, Abdullah; El Din, Sayed M.; Imran, MuhammadAims: In the current study, the flow of Carreau nano-fluid through the stretched cylinder is subject to the influences of activation energy and heat source/sink with the Cattaneo-Christov heat fluxes model studied. Applications in recent times are the purpose of better heat and mass transport nanoparticles used for this purpose because of their better thermal conductivity than normal fluids. Nanofluids are used in medicines like agricultural sprays and with time it is used in the microprocessor for cooling and also used in the refrigeration industry as coolant. Methodology: The mathematical model was developed by taking these things into account and getting a model of nonlinear partial differential equations for administering this problem. These governing equations system modified into a system of ODE by utilizing appropriate similarity transform. For numerical computation or simulation, the 'bvp4c' built-in package of MATLAB is used to implement the shooting technique. Smooth implementation took place by introducing a set of variables to make our system dimensionless. Results/Conclusion: Graphical representation depicts the profiles of concentration, velocity, thermal, and microorganism density, and the impacts of various modeling quantities on these profiles are also discussed and elaborated. In tabular analysis, a contrast of computed outcomes with the previously available outcomes shows the accuracy of our computed results at different values of physical parameters. The presence of motile microorganisms improved the heat transfer rate. (c) 2023 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier BV on behalf of Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-nd/4.0/).Öğe The extended Fan's sub-equation method and its application to nonlinear Schrodinger equation with saturable nonlinearity(Elsevier, 2023) Ashraf, Romana; Hussain, Shabbir; Ashraf, Farrah; Akgul, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.This article discusses the saturable nonlinear Schrodinger equation, which is a key equation in the study of condensed matter physics, plasma physics, and nonlinear optics. This equation, which represents how electromagnetic waves behave in nonlinear media, is distinct because of its nonlinearity and dispersive properties. In this article, the extended Fan's sub equation method is used to construct novel solitary wave solutions of the saturable nonlinear Schrodinger equation. This method is a powerful tool for dealing with nonlinear partial differential equations and has been used to a wide range of problems in several branches of mathematics. According to the this method, the saturable nonlinear Schrodinger equation admits a wide range of exact solution families that rely on five parameters. These solutions include soliton-like solutions, which are localized waves that maintain their shape and speed over long distances, and triangular-type solutions, which have a triangular shape. The study also identifies single and combined non-degenerate Jacobi elliptic function like solutions. These solutions are a particular class of periodic function that appears in several branches of physics, including electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, and fluid dynamics. The obtained solutions are graphically represented by 3D, contour, and 2D graphs using MATLAB. The results of this article present novel perspectives on the saturable nonlinear Schrodinger equation and its possible applications in a different fields. These findings have important implications for nonlinear optics, the development of new optical devices, nonlinear optics, and related fields.Öğe The extended Fan's sub-equation method and its application to nonlinear Schrodinger equation with saturable nonlinearity (vol 50, 106543, 2023)(Elsevier, 2023) Butt, Asma Rashid; Zaka, Jaweria; Akgul, Ali; El Din, Sayed M.[Abstract Not Available]