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    Characterisation of acrylic copolymer treated concretes and concretes of reinforced concrete buildings collapsed in the 6 February 2023 Mw=7.8 Kahramanmaras , (Türkiye) earthquake
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Dogruyol, Murat
    T & uuml;rkiye was devastated by two major earthquakes in Kahramanmaras , on 6 February 2023, namely Pazarc & imath;k (Mw = 7.8) and Elbistan (Mw = 7.6). The magnitude of the earthquakes caused more than 50,000 casualties due to the weak structural properties of the buildings. In this study, the mechanical properties and chemical characterisation of the concrete (EQC) of the collapsed reinforced concrete building were investigated. For this, a series of characterisation methods such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), it was characterised using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used. The analyses results showed that EQC had low cement dosage, time-dependent carbonation and inadequate curing. It was also compared to specimens with acrylic copolymer (ABCP) applied to the surface. The polymer concrete reached approximately 80 % of its target strength without curing at ambient temperature.
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    Characterization of historic mortars and the effect of rice husk ash (RHA) on quicklime
    (Elsevier, 2024) Dogruyol, Murat
    Historic mortars are minerologically characterized for many reasons pertaining to traditional building conservation. In order to determine the binding material of the historic masonary building, this material must be sufficiently separated from the aggregate. In this study, the Cas mortar (Traditional gypsum-based construction mortar in Siirt, T & uuml;rkiye) used in traditional Cas houses was characterised and compared with composite lime mortars prepared by substituting quicklime with 10 %, 15 % and 20 % rice husk ash (RHA). The mechanical properties of Cas mortar are much higher than those of lime mortars. However, when 20 % RHA was substituted for lime, it was found to significantly change the properties of the mortars, increasing the compressive and flexural strength by 68 % and 58 % respectively and improving the specific heat and many other properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses showed that the 63 mu m sieved powder analysis was more accurate in determining the chemical characterisation of the historic mortars.
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    Determination of ASR in Concrete Using Characterization Methods
    (Mdpi, 2024) Dogruyol, Murat
    Basaltic rocks are the main source of local crushed rock aggregate for concrete in their region. Basaltic rocks are also potential rocks for alkali-silica reaction (ASR). ASR is a complex mechanism that deteriorates concrete via creating volumetric expansion over time between the reactive silica in the aggregate and the alkali components in Portland cement. However, due to the multi-scale nature of this long-term phenomenon, understanding its mechanism in concrete structures remains difficult to assess. In this study, the morphology and analytical composition of three groups of concrete prepared with basalt aggregate, basalt aggregate with 20% fly ash substitution of cement, and limestone aggregate were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX); it was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermal analysis (DTA) and compared with the ASR structure. The (Na + K)/Si and Ca/Si ratios in SEM/EDX analysis and the water peaks in FT-IR and TGA analyses will help to determine the footprint of ASR.
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    Effect of waste steel fiber use on concrete behavior at high temperature
    (Elsevier, 2024) Dogruyol, Murat; Ayhan, Ersin; Karasin, Abdulhalim
    Recently, recycling of waste vehicle tyres which pose a significant risk to environmental health has become an important research issue due to environmental concerns worldwide. To handle the waste tyre pollution problem, recycling waste into new products and using waste to improve other materials' properties can be considered. Waste vehicle tyres can be used in the production of energy and various materials, providing economic and environmental advantages. In this study, experimental studies were carried out on the use of waste tyre steel fiber (WS) obtained from the recycling of heavy vehicle tyres in concrete, including the goal of recycling and reducing the need for raw materials. In one experimental group, waste tyre steel was added to concrete at 0.4% by volume instead of fine aggregate, while in the other experimental group it was added at 0.8% by volume. In the study, in addition to mechanical analyses, many microanalysis experiments were carried out to understand whether there was a strong relationship between the results. The study was conducted at target temperatures of 400, 600 and 800 degrees C depending on the fire scenario for building and construction materials according to ISO 834 and ASTM E119 standards. Compressive strength losses and characterization changes in 15 cm cube plain concrete and composite concrete specimens exposed to targeted high temperatures for 60 minutes were compared in terms of strength. Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was also performed, as it was understood that there was not enough data in the literature regarding waste tyre steel fiber reinforced concrete. General results showed that fiber-added concrete made significant contributions to concrete performance at high temperatures.
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    The Effect of Basalt Aggregates and Mineral Admixtures on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete Exposed to Sulphate Attacks
    (Mdpi, 2022) Karasin, Abdulhalim; Hadzima-Nyarko, Marijana; Isik, Ercan; Dogruyol, Murat; Karasin, Ibrahim Baran; Czarnecki, Slawomir
    In this study, basalt, which is common around Diyarbakir province (Turkey), is used as concrete aggregate, waste materials as mineral additives and Portland cement as binding material to prepare concrete mixes. This paper aims to determine the proper admixture levels and usability of Diyarbakir basalt in concrete mixtures based on mechanical, physical and chemical tests. Thus, in order to determine the strength and durability performance of concrete mixtures with Diyarbakir basalt as aggregate, 72 sample cubes of 150 mm were prepared in three groups: mineral-free admixture (MFA), 10% of cement amount substituted for silica fume (SFS) and 20% for fly ash (FAS) as waste material. The samples were exposed to water curing and 100g/L sulphate solution to determine the loss in weight of the concrete cubes and compressive strength was examined at the end of 7, 28 and 360 days of the specimens. Analysis of the microstructure and cracks that influence durability, were also performed to determine effects of sulphate attacks alkali-silica reactions on the specimens using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A loss in weight of the concrete cubes and compressive strength was distinctly evident at the end of 56 and 90 days in both acids.