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Öğe Comparison of romaine, loose leaf and iceberg lettuces grown in saline(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2019) Dere, S.; Erturk, H. B.; Dasgan, H. Y.The effects of intermediate salt stress on different types (longifolia: romaine, crispa: loose leaf and capitata: iceberg) of lettuce were investigated. Three commercially available lettuce varieties Lital, Caipira, and Savula which belonged to romaine, loose leaf, and iceberg types were used as plant material. Plants were grown in cocopeat slabs in an open soilless system and irrigated by the nutrient solution with or without 50 mM NaCl. Experimental period was autumn-winter in the Mediterranean climate. Plant growth and yield were compared for the different lettuce types in saline and non-saline conditions. The results indicate that lettuce types and cultivars differ in their salt reponses, which would be useful for growers to lettuce choose type and to improve lettuce adaptation to salinity stress. The reduction in leaf area in salt in romaine and iceberg lettuce were 17 and 20%, respectively while in loose leaf lettuce was increased by 3%. Stomatal conductance in salt was decreased by 8.8 and 18% in the loose leaf and iceberg lettuces while 41% increased in the romaine lettuce. The best performance under salt stress in terms of yield was taken from the loose leaf lettuce 'Capira'. Yield reduction in salt was 28, 11 and 18% in romaine, loose leaf and iceberg lettuce types, respectively. Total soluble solids were increased by salt stress in the romaine, loose leaf and iceberg lettuces by 25, 16, and 30%, respectively. Increased brix in salt may improve the taste of lettuce.Öğe Comparison of substrate, hydroponic and aeroponic cultivation systems for the production of carrot root(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2020) Yildiz, S. N.; Dasgan, H. Y.; Dere, S.In this study, possibilities of soilless grown carrot were investigated. Carrot roots were grown in substrate culture (cocopeat, vermiculite, perlite, rockwool), hydroponic and aeroponic. An experiment was carried out during the autumn-winter period in the Mediterranean climate. The better results in the experiment were obtained from vermiculite and cocopeat cultures in terms of carrot root growth, yield, beta-carotene, phenols, soluble solids and mineral contents of the root. However, carrot root characteristics for shape in both substrates were still under the original characteristics of the cultivar grown in soil, especially length was shorter. Perlite used in the experiment was not successful due to the heterogenic particle size. The smallest and largest perlite particles mixed together was not suitable for carrot root. The tap root may have had difficulty in penetration into the rockwool slab and growth was not good too. The carrot roots in water culture not only showed decreased growth but also showed worse quality properties with the higher ratio of split and forked roots. The aeroponic system in the experiment caused the smallest, shortest carrot roots with abundant amount of thin tails presumably due to spray interval and spray time not being suitable for carrot and plant exposed to water, nutrient and humidity deficiencies.Öğe Optimization of root spraying time for fresh onion (Allium cepa L.) cultivation in aeroponics(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2020) Ikiz, B.; Dasgan, H. Y.; Dere, S.Green leafy vegetables are successfully grown in the aeroponic systems. The faster harvest cycles, predictable results, higher productive yield, better crop color, texture, nutrition and flavor are the advantages of the aeroponically growing. We have studied optimization of nutrient spray time on roots of fresh onion. Plants were grown in glasshouse during winter and we have built an own aeroponic system. The spray interval of 10 min was constant and five different spray/misting times 7, 10, 15, 18 and 21 s were studied. The highest biomass yield including root and the highest edible fresh onion yield were obtained from 18 s spray time with 10 min spray internal. In fact, relationships between spray times and edible fresh onion yield showed that the optimal spray time was 17 s. Remarkable effects of spray times were observed in EC of the onion and the highest was observed from 18 s. Total phenol content was gradually decreased with the increased spray times. The 18 s provided the highest flavonoid and the succinic acid productions in fresh onion. Ascorbic acid content was not affected by the spray time. There was no meaningful relationship between the mineral content of onion and spray time. Regular increases in mineral elements in onion were not observed with increasing spraying time.Öğe Salt increases the nutritional content of cauliflower(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2019) Dere, S.; Dasgan, H. Y.; Kafkas, N. E.; Erturk, H. B.It is known that intermediate salt stress may increase the taste and nutritional content of some horticultural crops. Some antioxidants, vitamins, carotenoids, mineral content and total soluble solids of the edible parts of the crops can be increased. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of 50 mM NaCl on total soluble solids (brix), dry matter, phenols, flavonoids, organic acids, L-ascorbic acid, sugars and minerals concentration of cauliflower heads. Plants were grown in cocopeat slabs and 50 mM NaCl was applied with the nutrient solution during the autumn-winter season in an open soilless system in the greenhouse in Mediterranean climate. Salt stress has significantly increased flavonoids, organic acids, phenols, L-ascorbic acid, succunic acid, dry matter ratio, total soluble solids and EC. However in 50 mM salt, total sugars and individual sugars; glucose, fructose, sucrose were decreased. Mineral nutrient concentration of the cauliflower head were increased for K, Mg, N, while Fe and Zn were decreased. The positive effect of 50 mM salinity on qualitative and nutritional traits of cauliflower head has been indicated.
