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Öğe A Molecular survey of Hepatozoon canis in dogs in the Siirt province of Turkey(Veterinarni A Farmaceuticka Univerzita Brno, 2022) Celik, Burcak Aslan; Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Ayan, Adnan; Yilmaz, Ali Bilgin; Kilinc, Ozlem Orunc; Ayan, Ozge OktayThis study aimed to determine Hepatozoon canis prevalence in dogs in the Siirt province of Turkey by the molecular method. The animal material of the study consisted of a total of 75 dogs that appeared clinically healthy. Two ml of blood sample were taken from the vena cephalica antebrachii. Then, DNA extraction was performed. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify the 666 bp 18S rRNA gene region of Hepatozoon canis. Two positive PCR products were purified and sequenced. As a result of Nested-PCR, H. canis specific bands in 666 bp size were obtained in 7 (9.33%) out of 75 dogs. The result of sequence analysis, the nucleotide sequence was registered in the NCBI GenBank database with accession numbers OL467380.1-OL467538.1. Hepatozoon canis registered in GenBank of sequence OL467380.1 was found to be similar with other H. canis strains of registration numbers MW684292.1 with 99.69% and MH615006.1-MK091085.1-MF797806.1 with 99.53% rates; and the sequence with registration number OL467538.1 was found to be similar to the series MW684291.1 with 99.09% and MH615006.1-MK091085.1-KX 818220.1 with 99.08% rates by BLAST analysis. Hepatozoon canis prevalence of dogs in the Siirt province was determined as a result of this study. It is of great importance to take preventive measures, especially to fight ticks with appropriate acaricides, since there is no vaccine to prevent the disease.Öğe A pilot study on the epidemiology, diagnosis and characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in sheep, goats and dogs in Siirt province of Türkiye revealed remarkable adaptation of Echinococcus canadensis (G6/ G7) in goats(Elsevier, 2024) Selcuk, Muhammed Ahmed; Celik, Burcak Aslan; Celik, Figen; Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Ercan, Kerem; Uslug, Muhammet; Tekin, Afra SenaCystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.), represents one of the most significant zoonotic diseases globally, affecting both humans and animals. The objective of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of E. granulosus sensu lato in sheep and goats in a pilot region with a one-year slaughterhouse follow-up period and to determine the genetic differences and haplotypes among sheep, goat, and dog isolates. To this end, the prevalence of CE cysts was determined by monitoring the slaughter of sheep and goats at least three days a week at a slaughterhouse in the Siirt province of T & uuml;rkiye during 2023. Additionally, faecal samples were collected from stray dogs and analysed using both flotation and molecular techniques. The presence of CE cysts was identified in 569 (11.12 %) of the 5119 sheep and 66 (2.31 %) of the 2860 goats after slaughtering. The highest positivity was observed in November (20.39 %), while the lowest was recorded in July (5.62 %). Of the sheep that detected positive, 25 (4.39 %) were less than one year old, while 544 (95.61 %) were older than one year. Of the infected sheep, 26 (4.57 %) were male and 543 (95.43 %) were female. 204 (35.85 %) sheep exhibited fluid-filled CE cysts, 338 (59.40 %) displayed calcification, and 27 (4.75 %) demonstrated the presence of newly developed cysts. The highest positivity was observed in December (5.83 %), while the lowest was recorded in May (0.62 %) in goats. Of the positive goats, two (3 %) were less than one year old, while the remaining 64 (97 %) were older than one year. Of the goats infected with CE cysts, 10 (15.15 %) were male and 56 (84.85 %) were female. Of the cysts, 56.1 % were fluid-filled, 42.4 % were calcified and 1.5 % were newly developed. Following DNA sequence analysis of CE cyst isolates obtained from the slaughterhouse, all 61 sheep sequences were identified as E. granulosus s.s. (G1/G3). Of the 13 goat isolates, seven were identified as E. granulosus s.s. (G1/G3), while the remaining six were classified as E. canadensis (G6/ G7). The centrifugal flotation method was employed to detect the presence of Isospora spp. oocysts in eight dogs, Toxocara canis and hookworm eggs in three dogs each, and Dipyllidium caninum eggs in one dog. A total of 54 dog faeces were examined. No Taeniid eggs were observed in any of the dogs. Following PCR analysis of the mt-CO1 gene region in the dog faecal samples, four samples were positive for a 875 bp band. Only one of these bands was suitable for sequence analysis, which confirmed it as E. granulosus s.s. (G1/G3).Öğe Assessment of prevalence of Fasciola hepatica and associated biochemical alterations in the cattle of Siirt province, Turkey(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2019) Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Celik, Burcak Aslan; Irak, Kivanc; Akgul, GulsahThe aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of Fasciola hepatica in the cattle raised in the Siirt province of Turkey and to obtain epidemiologic data about the disease in order to reveal its relationship with certain biochemical parameters. The material of the study consists of a total of 380 cattle. The blood sample was obtained from the jugular vein of the animals. Meanwhile, approximately 50-100 gr of feces were also collected from the animal's rectum for a fecal examination. The zinc sulfate flotation method was used to inspect the fecal samples. 338 (89%) of samples were found to be seronegative, while the remaining 42 (11%) were seropositive. GGT, ALP, ALT, AST, TP and Albumin parameters analyzed on the serum samples. GGT levels of the seropositive animals were found to be statistically higher compared to the control group. As a result, the ELISA method was confirmed to be more accurate in the diagnosis of fasciolosis, and the increased GGT activity in the serum was determined as a significant indicator of the diagnosis.Öğe Changes in some biochemical parameters of hair goat kids diagnosed with oak poisoning(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2019) Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Irak, KivancIn this study, some biochemical parameters of hair goat kids which had consumed excessive amounts of oak leaves and acorns in the autumn season and displayed toxicity symptoms during clinical inspections were evaluated. Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins of the goat kids. Glucose, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, Na, K, Cl, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels of poisoned animals were found to be within the reported reference intervals. Creatinine, total protein, albumin, Ca, Mg and Fe levels, on the other hand, were found to be below the reference intervals. As a result, it was concluded that goats reflect the clinical findings of oak poisoning described in the literature, which courses with lowered amounts of mineral (Fe, Mg, Ca), TP, albumin and creatinine, yet without a significant change in other biochemical parameters. It can also be concluded that excessive consumption of oak by goats was capable of leading to toxicity.Öğe Cryptosporidium spp. in Dogs - Prevalence and Genotype Distribution(Univ Fed Rio Grande Do Sul, 2023) Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Kochan, Akin; Celik, Burcak Aslan; Ayan, Adnan; Akyildiz, Gurkan; Kilinc, Ozlem Orunc; Ercan, KeremBackground: Cryptosporidium spp. is a zoonotic protozoan parasite that affects the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. The disease can cause acute and chronic diarrhoea and even death in both humans and animals. In this study, it was aimed to determine the prevalence and genotype distribution of Cryptosporidiosis in shelter dogs in Diyarbakir province located in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Materials, Methods & Results: The animal material of the study consisted of 100 dogs of different breeds and sexes. Faecal samples were collected from the rectum with disposable latex gloves and placed in individual sample containers. All of the samples were examined for Cryptosporidium spp. by Kinyoun Acid Fast and Nested PCR methods. In the Kinyoun Acid Fast staining method, firstly, smear preparations were prepared from fresh faecal samples, fixed in pure methanol for 1 min and allowed to dry. The slides were kept in Kinyoun Carbol-Fuxin for 5 min, dipped in 50% ethyl alcohol, shaken, washed in tap water, kept in 1% sulphuric acid for 2 min and washed in tap water. The slides were kept in methylene blue for 1 min, washed in tap water and allowed to dry. After drying, immersion oil was dripped and examined under a microscope at 100 magnification. DNA extraction was performed from all samples using GeneMATRIX Stool DNA Purification Kit according to the manufacturer's protocol. After Nested PCR analysis was performed. In the PCR step, primers 5'-TTCTAGAGCTAATACATGCG-3' and 5'- CCCATTTCCTTCCTTCGAAACAGGA-3' were used to amplify the 1325 bp gene region. In the nested PCR step, primers 5'- GGAAGGGTTGTATTTATTTATTAGATAAAG-3' and 5'-AAGGAG-TAAGGAACAACCTCCA-3' were used to amplify the 826-864 bp gene region. As a result of both methods, a prevalence of 3% was determined. The infection rate was higher in males (3.57%) than females (2.27%) and in younger than 1 year (5.56%) than in older than 1 year (1.56%). The DNA sequences obtained from the sequence analysis of 3 positive PCR samples were analysed in BioEdit software. A phylogenetic tree was constructed with the data set created by using the 18s rRNA gene sequences obtained from the NCBI genbank database and the DNA sequences obtained as a result of the study, and it was shown which Cryptosporidium species the study samples were related to. Today, many Cryptosporidium species have been identified and most of these species have host adaptation. Although C. canis is the most common species in dogs, C. muris, C. meleagridis, and C. parvum have also been detected. Among these species, C. parvum is recognized as a zoonotic species infecting a wide range of mammals. In this study, DNA sequencing of nested PCR positive samples revealed that 3 samples were zoonotic C. parvum. Discussion: This suggests that dogs may be a reservoir for zoonotic transmission of Cryptosporidium. Consequently, it is recommended that people should be informed about the potential for transmission of this protozoan to humans and animals and that control programmes should be implemented, including the prevention of free entry of stray dogs into public places and homes.Öğe First Report of Zoonotic Cryptosporidium parvum Subtype IIaA15G2R1 in Dogs in Türkiye(Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 2024) Ayan, Adnan; Celik, Burcak Aslan; Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Akyildiz, Gurkan; Kilinc, Ozlem Orunc; Ayan, Ozge Oktay; Uslu, UgurCryptosporidium (C.) is an opportunistic protozoan causing gastrointestinal illness in both humans and animals, leading to acute or chronic diarrhea and even death. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence and subtyping of Cryptosporidium spp. in shelter dogs in Van province, Türkiye. For microscopic identification of this parasite, a total of 300 fecal samples were collected and stained with Kinyoun's acid-fast method. For molecular analysis, the positive samples were subjected to DNA extraction and SSU rRNA gene of Cryptosporidium spp. was amplified using nested PCR. The microscopic examination revealed a 4.67% prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. Sequence analysis indicated all samples were positive to C. parvum. In addition, GP60 gene was also amplified and C. parvum subtypes IIaA15G2R1 was confirmed by analyzing the obtained sequences. All the sequences of SSU rRNA and GP60 were deposited in GenBank. To our knowledge, Cryptosporidium parvum subtypes IIaA15G2R1 have been reported first time in dogs in Türkiye. It is recommended to implement control strategies by awareness campaign, preventing stray dogs from freely entering public areas, and proper disposal of dog feces.Öğe Investigation of Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in cattle in Siirt province in Turkey(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2018) Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Ipek, Duygu Neval Sayin; Celik, Burcak Aslan; Irak, Kivanc; Akgul, GulsahToxoplasmosis is an important zoonotic disease, which is caused by Toxoplasma gondii and is quite common in the world, found in all mammals including humans, poultry, and reptiles. It has been reported that; adult cattle do not have toxoplasmosis clinically, and it is possible they pass the parasite through the placenta to the fetus, and that some infected animals give birth to aborted or infected calves. This study was conducted to determine T. gondii seroprevalence in cattle of Siirt region in Turkey and seropositivity was determined in blood samples of 300 cattle by using ELISA. Results showed that 53 (18%) of the samples were seropositive, while 247 (82%) of the samples were seronegative. In addition, there was a significant difference between their average age groups.Öğe Investigation of the Prevalence of Fasciola hepatica in Small Ruminants in the Siirt Region, Turkey(Iranian Scientific Society Medical Entomology, 2018) Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Aslan Celik, BurcakBackground: Fasciolosis is a disease of the liver caused by trematodes in the family of Fasciolidae, particularly by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of F. hepatica in sheep using the ELISA method, and in hair goats by post-mortem liver examination in the Siirt region, Turkey. Methods: This study was conducted between Feb-Sep 2018. Five ml of blood samples were taken from the jugular veins of 320 sheep, which were selected from various locations of Siirt region by random sampling method. Fasciolosis seroprevalence in sheep was investigated by the ELISA method, using commercial kits (BIOK 211-Monoscreen AB ELISA F. hepatica test). In order to determine the prevalence of fasciolosis in hair goats, 580 slaughtered goats were examined for F. hepatica by incisions in the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts. Results: While 24 (7.50%) sheep were seropositive, 296 (92.50%) were seronegative. Regarding the hair goats, on the other hand, 82 (14.14%) were positive, while 498 (85.86%) were negative. Conclusion: F. hepatica infection causes significant economic losses due to the destruction of the liver in small ruminants. Considering zoonotic properties of the disease, it has been concluded that the necessary measures should be taken and anti-helminthic drugs should be applied to the animals that come out of the pasture. Furthermore, periodic examinations should be conducted, and the breeders should be informed about the disease to raise awareness.Öğe Investigation of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in different tissues of aborted foetuses of sheep in Van Province, Turkiye: Analysis by nested PCR, histopathological and immunohistochemical methods(Veterinarni A Farmaceuticka Univerzita Brno, 2023) Kilinc, Ozlem Orunc; Ayan, Adnan; Yumusak, Nihat; Kömüroglu, Ahmet Ufuk; Aslan, Burcak; Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Göz, YasarToxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are protozoon parasites from the intracellular apicomplexan family. Toxoplasma gondii is the cause of health and economic problems in the sheep industry worldwide. Neospora caninum is usually reported in cows and leads to infections causing abortions; however, its prevalence in sheep is not clear. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and pathology of T. gondii and N. caninum by PCR, histopathological and immunehistochemical methods in aborted sheep foetuses collected at different sheep flocks in the Van Province, Turkiye, in 2021. Firstly, the DNA of T. gondii and N. caninum were investigated by PCR in the brain, heart, and peritoneal fluid samples from 42 sheep foetuses. Toxoplasma gondii DNA was proved in 35.7% (15/42) of foetuses whereas N. caninum DNA was not determined in any of the samples. Histopathologically, all T. gondii positive brain tissue samples showed lymphohistiocytic multifocal encephalomyelitis and additional findings included necrotizing myocarditis in the positive heart samples. Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites were identified in the lesions (diffuse or focal mononuclear cell infiltration in the meninges, and microglia proliferation, myocarditis with oedema) by anti-T. gondii antibodies by the immunohistochemical method. Based on our results, we can conclude that T. gondii is an important agent in sheep abortions and the PCR method is a suitable method for diagnosis which can also be used in heart tissue in pathological studies.Öğe Molecular Identification of Hepatozoon canis in Ticks from Dogs in Siirt, Turkey(Natl Information Documentation Centre, 2022) Celik, Burcak Aslan; Ayan, Adnan; Yilmaz, Ali Bilgin; Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Kilinc, Ozlem Orunc; Ayan, Ozge OktayHEPATAZOON species are tick borne protozoan parasites classified in the Heptazoidae family, and they are closely related to hemosporinids and piroplasms. In this work, the 18S rRNA genetic section of Hepatozoon canispositive ticks removed from dogs was sequenced using the PCR technique. Ticks were collected from a total of 80 dogs in Siirt, Turkey.A total of 300 collected ticks were morphologically identified to the species level and all ticks identified as Rhipicephalussanguineus (s.l.). H. canis DNA was detected in 12 (%4) out of 300 in R. sanguineusticks by PCR. The phylogenetic tree created via comparison of amplified 18S rRNA region sequences of H. caniswith MT107097.1, MH595911.1, KT215377.1, KT 215376.1, KC 584780.1, KC 584777.1, KC 584775.1, and KC 584774.1. The results obtained will provide important reference material for both veterinary cliniciansand dog owners in terms of managing canine hepatozoonosis.Öğe Oxidant/Antioxidant Status, PON1 and ARES Activities, Trace Element Levels, and Histological Alterations in Sheep with Cystic Echinococcosis(Iranian Scientific Society Medical Entomology, 2018) Irak, Kivanc; Celik, Burcak Aslan; Karakoc, Zelal; Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Mert, Handan; Mert, Nihat; Kaya, Mustafa OguzhanBackground: Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI), nitric oxide (NO), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) levels, paraoxonase (PON1), arylesterase (ARES) activities, and biochemical changes were studied on sheep with cystic echinococcosis. Methods: The materials were taken from 2-3 yr old sheep slaughtered in Van Province, Turkey in 2017. Before the slaughter, blood samples were collected from the healthy sheep, while various organs of animals were examined for hydatid cysts after the slaughter. Thirty sheep were protoscolex positive, hydatic group, while 30 sheep that did not have any pathological lesions in organ examinations were accepted as the control group. TOS levels, PON1 and ARES activities, and Zn levels were determined by commercial kits, while Cu levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The collected data were then statistically analyzed. Results: Serum TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher in sheep with cystic echinococcosis compared to the control group (P<0.001). TAS levels (P<0.01), PON1 and ARES activities, on the other hand, were significantly higher in control group compared to the cystic echinococcosis group (P<0.001). There were no significant differences in Zn, NO and Cu levels between the groups. Conclusion: PON1 and ARES activities increased in sheep infected with cyst hydatid. The decline of antioxidant reserves in the metabolism results in excessive amounts of free radicals, along with alterations of the normal histological structure of the cystic organ and changes in trace element metabolism.Öğe Preliminary investigation of the prevalence and genotype distribution of Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia duodenalis in cats in Siirt, Turkey(Sciendo, 2023) Aslan Celik, Burcak; Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Ayan, Adnan; Akyildiz, Gurkan; Orunc Kilinc, Ozlem; Oktay Ayan, Ozge; Ercan, KeremCryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are protozoan parasites found in humans and many animal species worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and genotypes of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in cats and to evaluate the zoonotic potential of these agents. The animal material of the study consisted of a total of 40 cats brought to the Veterinary Faculty. Fresh fecal samples taken from the cats were placed in individual sample containers. All samples were examined under the microscope by Kinyoun Acid Fast staining for Cryptosporidium spp. and by the native-Lugol method for Giardia duodenalis. Nested PCR and sequence analyses were then performed. As a result of microscopic and nested PCR analyses for Cryptosporidium spp., no positivity was found in any sample. The prevalence of Giardia duodenalis was 2.5% in both microscopic examination and nested PCR analyses. When the DNA sequences of the beta-Giardin gene obtained in the study were compared with the database in NCBI Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, it was determined that one sample overlapped with Assemblage B samples. As a result of this study, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in cats was determined and the presence of Assemblage B was revealed. It is recommended that repetitive studies should be carried out as much as possible to determine the possible role of these parasites in the transmission of these parasites to humans.Öğe Prevalence and genotypes of Giardia duodenalis in shelter dogs of southeastern Türkiye(Urmia Univ, 2023) Celik, Burcak Aslan; Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Kochan, Akin; Ayan, Adnan; Kilinc, Ozlem Orunc; Akyildiz, Guerkan; Irak, KivancGiardia duodenalis is a protozoan parasite found in humans and several mammals. This parasite spreads worldwide and is generally recognized as a zoonotic agent being reported to be one of the most common causes of diarrhea in humans and animals. In this study, it was aimed to determine the prevalence and genotypes of G. duodenalis in shelter dogs in Diyarbakir province being located in the southeastern Anatolia region of Turkiye. Native-Lugol method and nested polymerase chain reaction analyses of 100 fecal samples showed a prevalence of 3.00 and 4.00%, respectively. The prevalence was higher in females and in those younger than 1 year. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of zoonotic assemblage B, assemblage D and assemblage E. The detection of zoonotic assemblage B in this study suggests that dogs may be a reservoir for human giardiasis. Further molecular research is needed to determine the genotype diversity of Giardia as well as its possible role in the transmission of this parasite to humans.(c) 2023 Urmia University. All rights reserved.Öğe Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in calves in the Siirt Province, Turkiye(Veterinarni A Farmaceuticka Univerzita Brno, 2023) Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Sahin, Tekin; Celik, Burcak Aslan; Kilinc, Ozlem Orunc; Ayan, Adnan; Akyildiz, Gurkan; Ayan, Ozge OktayCryptosporidiosis, one of the main protozoan infections of the last century, is especially dangerous for calves and causes significant economic losses. This research was carried out to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. by microscopic and molecular methods and to determine subtypes in 100 calves up to 6 months old and with diarrhoea in the Siirt Province, Turkiye. As a result of the microscopic examination (Kinyoun's acid-fast), Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were found in 8 (8%) of 100 samples. As a result of nested PCR, 826-864 bp specific bands for Cryptosporidium spp. were obtained in 13 (13%) of 100 samples. When the DNA sequences of the SSU rRNA gene were compared with the NCBI Basic Local Alignment Search Tool database, it was determined that eight samples sequence analyses showed 100% similarity with the C. parvum, C. ryanae, and C. bovis samples. The detection of C. parvum, which has zoonotic importance in this study, suggests that calves with diarrhoea may be a source of contamination for other animals and humans. Therefore, animal owners and people in close contact with animals should be informed about the public health of cryptosporidiosis.Öğe Prevalence and Subtypes Distribution (ST10, ST14, ST25, ST26) of Blastocystis spp. in Anatolian Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Van, Turkiye(Wiley, 2024) Ayan, Adnan; Celik, Burcak Aslan; Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Yilmaz, Ali Bilgin; Kilinc, Ozlem Orunc; Ayan, Ozge OktayBackground: Blastocystis spp. is one of the most common protozoa worldwide, living in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and many other animals. On the basis of the genetic heterogeneity of small subunit ribosomal RNA, at least 28 subtypes (ST1-ST17, ST21 and ST23-ST32) are reported to exist in mammals and birds. ObjectivesThis study was carried out to determine the prevalence and subtypes of Blastocystis spp. in Anatolian buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Van province in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Methods: DNA was extracted using commercial GeneMATRIX Stool DNA Purification Kit and then stored at -20 degrees C until PCR amplification. After PCR amplification of the SSU rRNA gene region positive Blastocystis spp., amplicons from buffalo faeces were sequenced and then deposited in GenBank (OR576949.1, OR576950.1, OR576970.1, OR576971.1, OR577019.1, PP837943.1, PP837940.1, PP837939.1, PP837604.1, PP837937.1, PP837934.1, PP837601.1, PP837936.1 and PP837603.1). Results: PCR analysis of 120 faecal samples showed a total prevalence of 11.67% (14/120). The prevalence was higher in females and young animals (p > 0.05). Sequence analysis revealed Blastocystis spp., ST10, ST14, ST25 and ST26 subtypes. To our knowledge, Blastocystis subtypes ST25 and ST26 in buffaloes were reported for the first time in this study. Conclusion: It is thought that more large-scale studies should be carried out to determine the zoonotic subtype potential of this protozoan in the region.Öğe Protective effect of date extract on rat nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin, clinical, histological and antioxidant evidences(C M B Assoc, 2018) Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Irak, KivancIn this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of the date extract (Phoenix dactylifera) on certain biochemical parameters and total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index in nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin. The rats used in the study were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups. each consisting of 8 rats: control group, date extract (DE) group, gentamicin (GEN) group, gentamicin+date extract (GEN-FDE) group. Blood samples and kidney tissues were taken 24 hours after eight days of trial. Urea, Creatinine, BUN, Na, Cl and K analyzes on the serum samples were carried out in auto analyzer. One of the kidney tissues was examined histopathologically. The supematant, which was obtained by homogenizing the other kidney tissue was used in TAS and TOS analyzes. OSI was calculated using the formula. Urea, Creatinine, and BUN levels were higher in the GEN group, when compared to the other groups (p<0.001), while Na (p<0.05), CI and K levels (p<0.001) were lower than those of the other groups. When the control group and the GEN group were compared, it was observed that the level of TAS decreased in the renal tissue and the level of TAS increased in the GEN+DE group. It was determined that TOS (p<0.01) and OSI (p<0.00I) levels increased in the GEN group and renal TOS and OSI levels decreased in the GEN DE group when compared to the GEN group. In conclusion, when the histopathological changes in kidney tissue with antioxidant and oxidant status in nephrotoxicity with gentamicin are examined, it can be said that date extract with gentamicin attenuates nephrotoxicity caused by gentamicin and date extract protects the kidney.Öğe The Investigation of Giardiasis (Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases) in Buffaloes in Van Region, Turkiye: First Molecular Report of Giardia duodenalis Assemblage B from Buffaloes(Mdpi, 2023) Kilinc, Ozlem Orunc; Ayan, Adnan; Celik, Burcak Aslan; Celik, Ozgur Yasar; Yuksek, Nazmi; Akyildiz, Gurkan; Oguz, Fatma ErtasGiardia duodenalis (G. duodenalis) is an important zoonotic protozoan agent that causes foodborne and waterborne diarrhea in humans and other mammals. Molecular-based tests are critical in diagnosing giardiasis in humans and animals, identifying species, understanding the zoonotic potential and transmission routes, and evaluating taxonomy. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the molecular characterization of G. duodenalis in buffaloes in the Van region in Turkiye. Buffaloes are a species that has been poorly studied in this regard. For this purpose, 100 fecal samples were collected from buffaloes in the Van region. The DNA extraction was performed using the GeneMATRIX STOOL DNA Purification Kit from stool samples. The nested PCR test was performed with the appropriate primers from the obtained DNA samples. The obtained bands suitable for sequencing were sent for sequence analysis, and the sequence results were aligned bidirectionally and compared with the database of GenBank by BLAST. As a result of the study, an 11% positivity rate for G. duodenalis was found in buffaloes, and assemblage E and assemblage B were isolated. To our knowledge, assemblage B in buffaloes was reported for the first time in this study. As a result, it was concluded that buffaloes are an important reservoir for waterborne and foodborne giardiasis.
