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Öğe Determination of pre-parturition and post-parturition behaviors of Norduz goats(Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 2012) Yılmaz, Ayhan; Karaca, Serhat; Kor, Aşkın; Bingöl, MehmetThe objective of this study was to determine of pre-parturition and post-parturition behaviors of Norduz Goats. Animal subjects consisted of 18 primiparous single-birth does aged 2-3 years. During the kidding time, the goats were recorded with digital video cameras for one hour pre parturition and 24 h post-parturition in order to register parturition traits. Twelve does (67%) gave birth while being recumbent and six (33%) while standing (P<0.01). The majority of kidding (n=12, 67%) occurred between 12.00 -18.00 h, followed by 18.00-24.00 h (n=4, 22%) and 00.00-06.00 h (n=2, 11%). The majority of does (n= 83%) accepted and nursed their kids after parturition; however, 3 does (17%) rejected their kids after parturition. Of those does who accepted their kids, 14 (93%) refrained from feeding throughout the observation period, whereas only 1 (7%) left her kid to feed during this period (1/15). The duration of parturition, the duration of placenta expulsion, the latency to first sniffing, the latency to first licking, the latency to first suckling, the duration of first suckling, the latency to first standing, and the duration of standing at the birth site were 21.99±2.49 min., 120.74±6.98 min., 0.64±0.39 min., 0.82±0.22 min., 22.65±2.37 min., 0.62±0.13 min., 17.50±2.42 min. and 4> h, respectively. These results clearly suggest that in Norduz goats the parturition behavior occurs within four hours after the parturition, and also Norduz goats are observed to be having a normal maternal behavior regarding with investigated behavioral characteristics.Öğe The effect of feeding system on slaughter-carcass characteristics, meat quality, and fatty acid composition of lambs(Arch. Anim. Breed, 2016) Karaca, Serhat; Yılmaz, Ayhan; Kor, Aşkın; Bingöl, Mehmet; Cavidoğlu, İsa; Ser, GazelIn this study, we aimed to determine the slaughter-carcass characteristics, meat quality, and fatty acid composition in lambs raised under intensive and extensive conditions. The animal material consisted of 30 Norduz male lambs, with an average age of 171 days. The lambs were divided into two groups: concentrate-fed lambs (CO) and pasture-fed lambs (PS). The results showed that the CO lambs had heavier carcasses (p<0:001), a higher dressing percentage (p<0:001), and higher intramuscular fat (p<0:01) than the PS lambs. It was determined that the longissimus thoracis muscle of the CO lambs had a lower ultimate pH and higher L and water-holding capacity than the PS lambs. In this study, intramuscular fat (longissimus thoracis, semimembranosus, triceps brachii), subcutaneous and tail fat samples were used to evaluate the effect of feeding system on fatty acid composition. The polyunsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid ratio (PUFA= SFA) of intramuscular fat was found to be significantly higher in the CO group than in the PS lambs, while similar subcutaneous and tail fat results were found in both groups. Moreover, the PS lambs had a lower n6 = n3 ratio and higher percentage of omega-3 than the CO lambs in all tissues studied (p<0:05). Overall, the CO lambs have heavier and fattier carcasses with better meat quality traits than the PS lambs. However, the effects of feeding system have varying results based on the fatty acid composition of different types of fat deposits.Öğe Effect of frequent ejaculation on live weight and sperm characteristics in Norduz lambs(Journal of Applied Animal Research, 2006) Bingöl, Mehmet; Yılmaz, Ayhan; Cengiz, Fırat; Kum, DeryaTo determine the effects of frequent ejaculation on live weight and sperm characteristics, 12 Norduz rams (1 7 mo) were divided into three groups. The semen samples of the second and third group rams were collected 3 and 5 times per day, respectively, while no semen was collected from the first group. The sperm motility, semen viscosity and mass motility were marginally better in rams of third group (Pc0.05). In both groups semen volume decreased over the days and ejaculate number on the same day. Other parameters were either unaffected or did not follow any definite pattern. It is concluded that live weight of rams and semen characteristics were not affected by taking 3-5 ejaculates in a day in Norduz rams.Öğe Effect of some factors on growth of lambs and the determination of growth curve models(Indian Journal Animal Research, 2018) Yılmaz, Ayhan; Karakuş, Ferda; Bingöl, Mehmet; Kaki, Barış; Ser, GazelThe aims were to identify the body weight of the several age groups in Norduz lambs and its correlations between these traits were to determine the best non-linear growth curve models for the growth performance of the Norduz sheep breed. A total of 91 male and female of Norduz lambs were evaluated under extensive system conditions. The least square means for weights at birth and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 165, 180, 195 and 210 days of age periods were 4.51±0.56, 9.28±0.25, 11.14±0.29, 14.99±0.37, 18.21±0.43, 22.54±0.54, 22.33±0.25, 23.59±0.54, 25.58±0.55, 28.07±0.58, 29.45±0.60, 29.98±0.84, 32.44±0.61, 32.03±0.59 and 31.45±0.57 kg, respectively. There were differences in favor of lambs of four-year old dams at 15 days of age and also lambs born single at 90 days of age for the body weight. The effect of weight of dam at birth, 30, 45, 60 days of age was significant (P< 0.05-P<0.01) and the birth weight in lambs importantly effected the weights at 15, 30, and 45 days of age. All correlations between the body weights of several age periods were significant as statistical (P<0.01). As for the growth models, distinguished models were compared using the coefficient of determination and mean square error for both sexes. As a result, we concluded that von Bertalanffy model were the best model in comparison with the other models for biological growth curves in Norduz male and female lambs.Öğe Effects of the maternal behavior score (MBS) on weaning weight and litter survival in sheep(African J. Agric. Res., 2011) Yılmaz, Ayhan; Karaca, Serhat; Bingöl, Mehmet; Kor, Aşkın; Kaki, BarışThis study intends to describe the differences concerning maternal behavior score between the different genotypes and groups of the age of dam in less selected Norduz, Karakaş, and Ile-de- FrancexAkkaraman (G1)xKarakaş crosses, and also aims to determine the effects of Maternal Behavior Score (MBS) on weaning weight and survival of lambs in genotypes studied. Experimental subjects were 92 heads of the 2, 3 and 4 years-old of the Norduz, karakaş and Ile-de-FrancexAkkaraman (G1)xKarakaş crosses. The MBS was scored on a 5-point scale based on the distance a ewe retreats from her lambs when the shepherd is tagging them. Within 24 h of birth, maternal behavior score was evaluated, and survival of the lambs was calculated from birth to weaning and at the same time measured the weaning weight in lambs. We detected that in the ewes lambing the first time MBS were lower than those that they were lambed before (P < 0.01). Similarly, there were the significant differences between genotypes; less selected Norduz sheep had higher maternal behavior score than Karakaş and Ile-de-FrancexAkkaraman (G1)xKarakaş crosses (P < 0.01). The effects of the maternal behavior on weaning weight and survival of the lambs were not found, statistically. It is concluded that with intense improvement programs in genotypes, a reduction regarding maternal behavior score is observed. In other words, the intense improvement programs in extensive animal breeding reduce the maternal ability in sheep.Öğe Feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of Norduz male kids(Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advance, 2006) Daşkıran, İrfan; Bingöl, Mehmet; Kor, Aşkın; Ayşe Özge, Demir; Yılmaz, Ayhan; Karaca, SerhatThe aim of this study was to determine the feedlot performance and carcass characterşistics of Norduz male kids. The initial and final body weights and average daily weight gain of these animals during the feedlot feeding period were 18.6 kg, 26.1 kg and 133.3 g, respectively. During the fattening period, average daily concentrated feed consumption and feeding efficiency of these animals were 604 g/day per head and 5.6 kg, respectively. At the end of the fattening period, 10 heads of Norduz male kids were slaughtered in order to determine carcass characteristics. Slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weights and dressing percetage were foun as 25.4 kg, 10.6 kg and 41.5 %, respectively. In this study; bone, muscle, subcutaneous fat and inter-muscular fat contents were found AS 38.9, 46.4, 3.7 AND 6.4 %, respectively.Öğe Inhibin immunization in Norduz sheep(Archiv Tierzucht, 2012) Bingöl, Mehmet; Daşkıran, İrfan; Cedden, Fatin; Özge Çetin, Ayşe; Yılmaz, AyhanThe objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of increasing ovulation rate in Norduz sheep by immunization against inhibin-based peptide immunogens. A total of 18 primiparious Norduz ewes were used for this experiment. Eight ewes have received two times inhibin ?-subunit 1-32 porcine vaccine with 3 weeks interval. The rest was kept as control. Antibody binding test by standard ELISA method did not provide reliable information. However, ultrasonographic inspection showed that significantly high number of follicle with 5 mm and larger diameter (P<0.01) has developed in immunized ewes. Moreover, 3 of immunized ewes have lambed twin. However, twin birth was not observed in control group.Öğe Some Factors Affecting Milk Production and Post Partum Body Weight of Fat- Tailed Norduz Ewes in Turkey(Journal of Applied Animal Research, 2005) Bingöl, Mehmet; Gökdal, Özdal; Yılmaz, AyhanThis study was conducted to determine some traits of milk production and postpartum body weights of Norduz ewes in Van-Norduz provinces. Overall means for lactation period, lactation milk production and postpartum body weight were 174 days, 178 litres and 58 kg, respectively. Only postpartum body weight was affected (P<0.05) by age of ewe or parturition type. The Norduz ewe has been recommended for milk production.Öğe Some productive characteristics and body measurements of Norduz goats of Turkey(Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2012) Bingöl, Mehmet; Gökdal, Özdal; Aygün, Turgut; Yılmaz, Ayhan; Daşkıran, İrfanProductive characteristics and body measurements of Norduz goats, a native genetic resource in Turkey, were measured. The animals studied were brought from natural habitats to the farm of the Animal Science Department of Agricultural Faculty, Yüzüncü Yıl University. Least squares means of withers height (WH), body length (BL), chest width at back of withers (CWBW), chest depth (CD), chest girth (CG) and leg girth (LG) of Norduz does were 65.9±1.08, 67.2±1.08, 21.1±0.88, 30.8±0.62, 88.9±1.78 and 60.4±1.28 cm, respectively. Least squares means of body weights after parturition of does were 41.3± 2.01 kg. The means of lactation length and lactation milk yield were 226.±7.2 days and 347±40.1, respectively. Twinning rate, fertility, fecundity, litter size and litter size at weaning were 30%, 98%, 1.27, 1.30 and 1.28, respectively. Means of WH, BL, CWBW, CD, CG, LG and body weights of Norduz bucks were 73.9±2.61, 75.6± 2.23, 21.4±0.67, 33.9±1.15, 95.0±2.34, 69.8±2.69 cm and 58.7±3.91 kg, respectively.
