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    Consequences of Salinity Stress on the Quality of Crops and Its Mitigation Strategies for Sustainable Crop Production: An Outlook of Arid and Semi-arid Regions
    (Springer International Publishing, 2020) El Sabagh, Ayman; Hossain, Akbar; Barutçular, Celaleddin; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Islam, M. Sohidul; Fahad, Shah; Sytar, Oksana
    One of the key tasks of the Sustainable Development Goals connected to Agriculture, Safety and nutritional quality of food is to raise crop production per unit area without compromising the sustainability of agricultural resources and environmental security. Along with environmental constraints, soil salinization has become one of the major threats that restricts agricultural potential and is closely related to mishandling of agricultural resources and overexploitation of water resources, particularly in arid regions. The effect of salinity on the quality of various agricultural crops has not yet been much explored. Presently, this information is very important due to the increasing use of saline water for irrigation worldwide which has given rise to as soil salinity has become a critical around the world and the situation has been worsening over the last 20 years in arid and semi-arid regions particularly in Mediterranean area. Salinity stress significantly affect the nutritional properties and quality traits of crops due to physiological and biochemical alterations in plants at different growth stage. During salinity stress, plants tend to activate different physiological and biochemical mechanisms to cope with the stress through altering their morphology, anatomy, water relations, photosynthesis, protein synthesis, primary and secondary metabolism and biochemical adaptations such as the antioxidative metabolism response. Therefore, it is important for breeders and producers to understand the influence of salinity on the composition of crops, for improvement of protein and oil quality (amino and fatty acid) under the salinity conditions. The aims of present review is to quantify the adverse effects of salinity on quality parameters of crops and management approaches for ameliorating the adverse effects of salinity stress to enhance the yield and grain quality of crops. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.
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    Effect of planting and nutrient management on the growth, yield and protein content of aromatic fine rice
    (TathQeef Scientific Publishing, 2023) Fatematuz-Zohora; Paul, Swapan Kumar; Rahman, Afrina; Paul, Newton Chandra; Rahman, Md. Moshiur; Javed, Talha; Barutçular, Celaleddin
    An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from July to November 2015 to find out the effect of planting and nutrient management on the growth, yield and protein content of aromatic fine rice (cv. Binadhan-13). The experimental treatments comprised six planting arrangement viz. 25 cm × 20 cm, 25 cm × 15 cm, 25 cm × 10 cm, 20 cm × 20 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 10 cm and four nutrient management viz. recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer (RDF) N-P2 O5-K2 O-S-Zn at the rate of 75-42-75-17-2 kg ha-1 respectively; Cow dung @ 10 t ha-1, 25% less than RDF + Cow dung @ 5 t ha-1, 50% less than RDF + Cow dung @ 5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Different crop characters, yield contributing characters, yield and grain quality were significantly influenced by planting arrangement and nutrient management. In the crop growth stage, the maximum number of tillers hill-1 (19.03) was recorded from the 25 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 25% less than RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1 and the highest total dry matter production (62.70), crop growth rate (19.37) and chlorophyll content (35.77) of leaf were recorded from the 20 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 25% less than RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1. At harvest, the highest grain yield (3.66 t ha-1) and protein content (9.63%) were recorded from the 20 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 25% less than RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1. So, transplantation at 20 cm × 15 cm spacing and fertilization with 25% less than the recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1 was found to be promising practice for the cultivation of aromatic fine rice (cv. Binadhan-13). © The authors.
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    Enhancing drought tolerance in camelina sativa l. And canola (brassica napus l.) through application of selenium
    (Pakistan Botanical Society, 2020) Ahmad, Zahoor; Waraich, Ejaz Ahmad; Barutçular, Celaleddin; Alharby, Hesham; Bamagoos, Atif; Kizilgeci, Ferhat; Öztürk, Ferhat
    Considering the burning issue the present study was undertaken in pot culture at the Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies (CIDS), The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan for enhancing drought tolerance in two oilseed crops (OC) crops camelina (Camelina sativa L.) and canola (Canola napus L.) through improving physiological, biochemical, and antioxidants activity by foliar application of selenium (Se) under drought stress. Two Camelina (i.e., ‘Australian Camelina’ and ‘Canadian Camelina’) and canola genotypes (i.e., ‘AARI Canola’ and ‘UAF Canola’) were used as plant materials during the growing season of 2016. Both Camelina and Canola genotypes were grown under normal (100% FC) and water deficit (drought stress) (40% FC) conditions. Four levels of Se: such as seeds priming with 75?M Se, foliar application of Se at 7.06 ?M and foliar Se in combination with seeds priming (7.06 ?M & 75?M) along with control were applied at the vegetative stage of both OC crops for screening drought tolerant genotypes. All treatments were arranged three times in a randomized complete block design. Both OC crops were grown upto the maturity and data on physiochemical, antioxidants and yield components were recorded during this study. Results of the present study indicated that the physio-biochemical parameters such as WP (water potential), OP (osmotic potential), TP (turgor pressure), proline, TSS (total soluble sugar), TFAA (total free amino acids), TPr (total proteins) and TS (total sugars); and total chlorophyll contents were improved by foliar application Se along with seed priming by Se in both OC crops in both drought stress and non-stress (control) conditions. Similarly, osmoprotectants such as GB (Glycinebetaine), anthocyanin, TPC (total phenolic contents) and flavonoids; as well as antioxidants such as APX (ascorbate peroxidase), SOD (superoxide dismutase), POD (peroxidase) and CAT (catalase) were also showed better enhancement in both OC crops through foliar application in combination with seed priming with Se (7.06 ?M & 75?M) under normal as well as water deficit (drought) conditions. Yield and its components i.e., branches plant-1 (no.), 1000-seed weight (g), seed and biological yield (t ha-1) of both OC crops were increased through foliar application in combination with seed priming by Se (7.06 ?M & 75?M) under drought and non-drought stress conditions. Both camelina and Canola genotypes categorized based on all the above-mentioned parameters under the water deficit (drought stress) condition and foliar application of Se, the genotype ‘Canadian Camelina’ maintained the highest values for all these attributes. Therefore, it is revealed that foliar application in combination with seed priming by Se helps to improve drought tolerance of OC crops and also leads to an increase in the productivity of crops under drought stress. Among the genotypes, ‘Canadian Camelina’ performed the best when seeds of the genotypes were primed with Se in combination with foliar application of Se at the vegetative stage. © 2020, Pakistan Botanical Society. All rights reserved.
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    The Incidence of Heat Stress on the Quality of Food Crops in the Era of the Changing Climate: An Overview
    (CRC Press, 2022) EL Sabagh, Ayman; Barutçular, Celaleddin; Hossain, Akbar; Çiğ, Fatih; Erman, Murat; Karademir, Emine; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul
    Maintenance of nutritional quality in crops is vital to provide quality human food as well as animal feed under stressful environmental conditions. The aim of the present review is to assess the effects of heat stress on qualitative traits of field crops. Environmental stresses significantly affect the nutritional properties and quality traits of crops through physiological and biochemical alterations occurring at different growth stages. Among environmental stresses, heat stress is the most pertinent especially under the current changing climate. Heat stress generally affects the grain quality depending upon crop cultivars. Several studies have proposed different management approaches for enhancing the grain quality of crops under heat stress environments. For managing heat stress, the grain quality may serve as a critical parameter for discriminating the crop genotypes having higher potential to grow under heat stress conditions. Among heat stress mitigating strategies, seed priming and application of osmoprotectants, organic acids, and other antioxidants have the potential to increase the grain quality of many field crops. © 2023 selection and editorial matter Shah Fahad, Muhammad Adnan, Shah Saud; individual chapters, the contributors.